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International Journal of Basic and Applied Science
Published by Institute of Computer Science
ISSN : 23018038     EISSN : 27763013     DOI : https://doi.org/10.35335/ijobas
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Electrical & Electronics Engineering Physics
International Journal of Basic and Applied Science provides an advanced forum on all aspects of applied natural sciences. It publishes reviews, research papers, and communications. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Electronic files and software regarding the full details of the calculation or experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary electronic material.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 5 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 12 No. 2 (2023): Sep: Basic and Applied Science" : 5 Documents clear
Tussilago farfara L.: Antioxidant and antibacterial potential of extracts in in vitro conditions Emir Horozić; Kolarević Lamija; Edina Huseinović; Darja Husejnagić; Merima Ibišević; Enida Karić; Ermina Cilović-Kozarević; Suada Cipurković
International Journal of Basic and Applied Science Vol. 12 No. 2 (2023): Sep: Basic and Applied Science
Publisher : Institute of Computer Science (IOCS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/ijobas.v12i2.249

Abstract

Tussilago farfara L., also known as coltsfoot, is a plant that has been used since ancient times to relieve coughs. Subsequently, the effectiveness of coltsfoot in the treatment of bronchial asthma, pneumonia and other respiratory diseases was established. In this research, the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of different coltsfoot extracts was analyzed. The antioxidant activity was monitored through the DPPH radical inhibition efficiency and the extract's reducing ability. Antibacterial activity was tested using the diffusion technique. Tussilago farfara L. extracts showed extremely high antioxidant activity in in vitro conditions. The highest antioxidant capacity was found in extracts prepared by mixing water and organic solvents. High antibacterial activity was found for ethanolic, acetone and aqueous-ethanolic extracts of coltsfoot.
Ende natural zeolite as a catalyst in the biodiesel production from nyamplung oil Gregorio Antonny Bani; Mario Donald Bani
International Journal of Basic and Applied Science Vol. 12 No. 2 (2023): Sep: Basic and Applied Science
Publisher : Institute of Computer Science (IOCS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/ijobas.v12i2.250

Abstract

Fuel use as a primary energy source is increasing daily, and the reserves of these natural resources are diminishing quickly. Different studies have been performed to see the potential use of the seeds of the Nyamplung plant (Chalophyllum inophyllum L.) as biodiesel. To produce biodiesel from Nyamplung oil, a catalyst, such as zeolite, is often required to speed up the reaction, save energy use, and increase the quantity and quality of the biodiesel. There is a high variation in terms of natural zeolite’s catalytic activity, depending on the location where the zeolite was formed in the past. The objectives of this study were to characterize and understand the Ende natural zeolite, before and after activation, and to see the catalytic activity of the HCl-activated zeolite in the production of biodiesel from Nyamplung oil. When zeolite was used as a catalyst, optimum effects on the esterification were observed at 700 rpm stirring speed with a reaction time of 15 minutes. These conditions optimally converted 100% of Nyemplung oil into biodiesel.
Isolation and Phytochemical Testing of Endophytic Fungi from Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv plants. Makhabbah Jamilatun
International Journal of Basic and Applied Science Vol. 12 No. 2 (2023): Sep: Basic and Applied Science
Publisher : Institute of Computer Science (IOCS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/ijobas.v12i2.255

Abstract

High drug prices and increasing antibiotic resistance have prompted exploration of natural resources as a source of new antibiotics. The Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv. plant is one of the plants used in traditional medicine. Secondary metabolites as bioactive compounds in plants can be obtained through endophytic fungi without having to extract them from plants. Secondary metabolites produced by endophytic fungi can function as raw materials for medicines. This research aims to isolate endophytic fungi and test phytochemicals from Imperata plants to determine the type of secondary metabolites produced. The methods used in this research include isolation and purification of endophytic fungi, identification of endophytic fungi, production of secondary metabolites of endophytic fungi, and screening of phytochemicals resulting from endophytic fungi fermentation. The isolation results showed that there were 7 isolates of endophytic fungi, consisting of 1 isolate from the flower, 3 isolates from the stem, and 3 isolates from the roots. Identification of endophytic fungus using macroscopic and microscopic observations including the genera Fusarium sp., Mucor sp., Penicillium sp., Trichoderma sp., Aspergillus sp., Phytophthora sp. The results of the phytochemical test for endophytic fungi showed that the secondary metabolites produced were flavonoid and saponin compounds. Based on this research, it can be concluded that the endophytic fungi of the Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv. plant produces secondary metabolites which have the potential to be developed as medicinal raw material compounds.
Optimization of distillation column reflux ratio for distillate purity and process energy requirements Fitriah Fitriah; Dessy Agustina Sari
International Journal of Basic and Applied Science Vol. 12 No. 2 (2023): Sep: Basic and Applied Science
Publisher : Institute of Computer Science (IOCS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/ijobas.v12i2.260

Abstract

Recovering ethanol solutions from filtration, extraction, and stripping operations is done in the distillation column, a separation process unit in the carboxymethyl cellulose production plant. Because the ethanol produced by these techniques is produced at a lower concentration, distillation is required to purify the ethanol. This procedure can raise the concentration of ethanol by separating it from the mixture. The concentration of the ethanol solution needs to be 85% in order to be reused. This case study aims to determine the optimal reflux ratio for a distillation column, model the process in both real-world and manual calculation scenarios using Aspen Hysys software, and evaluate the effects of increasing the reflux ratio. Manual computations yielded a reflux ratio result of 0.91814. In the meantime, an ethanol concentration of 85% is produced by the reflux ratio of 1.080 that is derived from the Aspen Hysys simulation. By generating a heat flow of 1.889 x 106 kJ/h, the ideal reflux ratio of 1.080 was reached, whereas the Aspen Hysys simulation yielded a reflux ratio of 0.91814. This allowed for an ethanol concentration of 85%. The Aspen Hysys simulation yields an ethanol concentration of 82.11% and a heat flow of 1.399 x 106 kJ/h. The ethanol concentration and reboiler steam heat flow are impacted by the reflux ratio value, according to the reflux ratio results. The amount of reboiler steam heat generated may become linear with a larger reflux ratio, and the energy required to complete the distillation process may likewise rise.
Analysis of heat loss in wall insulators and sterilizer door covers in palm oil processing factories Aulia Suryaning Putri; Dessy Agustina Sari
International Journal of Basic and Applied Science Vol. 12 No. 2 (2023): Sep: Basic and Applied Science
Publisher : Institute of Computer Science (IOCS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/ijobas.v12i2.265

Abstract

The main stage of crude palm oil (CPO) production takes place in the boiling process, which involves the role of sterilizer equipment. One of the ideal standards for producing CPO is to have an oil yield value in the range of 22.5-23.5%. However, the palm oil processing industry only found an oil yield of 20.25%. The decrease in yield was due to the steam pressure entering the sterilizer not being up to standard. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of steam exiting the sterilizer or heat loss with the help of mathematical equations (including the Nusselt number and Rayleigh number) by utilizing field data. This research in the palm oil processing industry gave the highest result for heat loss at peak III of 58,074 kJ with Bunches of Fresh Fruit (BFF) boiling conditions at 2.7 bar and 130°C and a process time of 600 seconds. The resulting CPO oil yield was 20.25% (a decrease of about 10–14% from the production standard). The industry, together with a third party (a maintenance consultant from outside the company), assessed the need to maintain a continuous production process and a decrease in oil yield (2.25–3.25%). The yield gap leads to solving the problem through an operating condition optimization approach. The treatment that can be applied is equipment extension through the installation of double-glazed windows on the sterilizer equipment to minimize heat loss. This consideration is the best option considering the continuous palm oil production process and is able to prevent partial or total shut-down activities.

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