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Jurnal Litbang Industri

jli
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Published by Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Industri Padang

ISSN : 22523367 EISSN : 25025007 DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.24960/jli.v12i1.7464.27-32

Core Subject : Science,

Chemistry

Jurnal Litbang Industri (JLI) is a scientific journal published regularly twice a year in June and December. JLI contains primary articles or reviews are sourced directly from results of industrial research such as processing of agricultural products, food processing, fishing industry, mining industry, industrial standardization, and pollution control. All submissions are reviewed by qualified reviewers in their field.

Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)

Articles 11 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 9, No 1 (2019)" : 11 Documents clear

Algoritma ant-lion optimizer untuk meminimasi emisi karbon pada penjadwalan flow shop dependent sequence set-up Dana Marsetiya Utama; Teguh Baroto; Dewi Maharani; Fathiha Raudhatul Jannah; Ricca Andhini Octaria
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Industri manufaktur akhir-akhir ini dituntut untuk memperhatikan isu lingkungan. Pemakaian energi pada produksi umumnya menghasilkan emisi karbon. Emisi karbon ini menjadi permasalahan di lingkungan. Untuk mengurangi pemakaian emisi karbon, penelitian ini menggabungkan metode penjadwalan dan emisi karbon sebagai solusi dalam masalah lingkungan. Kasus pada artikel ini adalah flow shop dependent sequence set-up. Jurnal ini mengusulkan algoritma baru Ant Lion Optimizer (ALO) yang terinspirasi oleh alam untuk meminimasi emisi karbon. Beberapa percobaan numerik dilakukan untuk mengetahui parameter terbaik dari Algoritma ALO. Untuk menguji keefektifan dari algoritma, Algoritma ALO ini dibandingkan dengan beberapa algoritma populer saat ini. Hasil percobaan numerik menunjukan algoritma ALO efektif untuk meminimasi emisi karbon.ABSTRACTManufacture industry recently is required to pay attention of enviromental issue. The use of energy in production generally produces carbon emissions. This carbon emission is a problem in the environment. This study combines scheduling methods and carbon emissions as a solution to environmental issues to reduce the use of carbon emissions. The case in this article is the flow shop dependent sequence set-up. This journal proposes a new Ant Lion Optimizer (ALO) algorithm inspired by nature to minimize carbon emissions. Several numerical experiments were conducted to determine the best parameters of the ALO algorithm. This ALO algorithm is compared with several popular algorithms today. The numerical experiment results show that the ALO algorithm is useful for minimizing carbon emissions.

Pembuatan minuman fungsional tablet effervescent dari bubuk ekstrak daun kacang tujuh jurai (Phaseolus lunatus, L.) Dini Novita Sari
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan bubuk ekstrak daun kacang tujuh jurai terhadap sifat fisik dan kimia tablet effervescent. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan yaitu penambahan bubuk ekstrak daun kacang tujuh jurai masing-masing 10, 15, 20, 25, dan 30% dengan 3 kali ulangan. Pengamatan tablet effervescent meliputi pengamatan fisik : penampakan, waktu larut, kekerasan dan kerapuhan; pengamatan kimia : kadar air, pH larutan, kadar vitamin C, aktivitas antioksidan, kadar klorofil, dan warna. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan bubuk ekstrak daun kacang tujuh jurai berpengaruh nyata terhadap ketebalan tablet, waktu larut, kerapuhan, kadar air, vitamin C, aktivitas antioksidan, kadar klorofil dan warna tablet effervescent yang dihasilkan. Penambahan bubuk ekstrak daun kacang tujuh jurai tidak mempengaruhi ukuran diameter tablet effervescent, kekerasan dan pH.ABSTRACTThis study was aimed to determine the effect of the addition of lima bean leaf extract powder on the physical chemical and properties of effervescent tablets. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments, the addition of lima bean leaf extract powder of 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30% with 3 replications, respectively. Tablet effervescent observations include physical observations: appearance, dissolution time, hardness and fragility; chemical observations: water content, pH of the solution, vitamin C level, antioxidant activity, chlorophyll content, and color. The results showed that the addition of lima bean leaf extract powder significantly affected tablet thickness, dissolution time, fragility, moisture content, vitamin C, antioxidant activity, chlorophyll content and effervescent tablet color produced. The addition of lima bean leaf extract powder did not affect the size of the effervescent tablet diameter, hardness and pH.

Pengaruh jenis pelarut dan kecepatan homogenizer terhadap karakteristik partikel katekin gambir Gustri Yeni; S Silfia; Yulia Helmi Diza
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis pelarut dan kecepatan homogenizer terhadap karakteristik partikel katekin gambir. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara katekin gambir dilarutkan dengan variasi pelarut air, etanol 20%, campuran etanol 20% dan etil asetat (perbandingan 1:10) dan kecepatan homogenizer 500; 1.500; 2.000; dan 2.500 rpm. Karakteristik partikel hasil perlakuan diuji menggunakan particle size analyzer (PSA) diperoleh hasil bervariasi antara 2.148-3.354 nm. Proses pengadukan dengan kecepatan 2500 rpm dapat memperkecil ukuran partikel (2.148 nm), secara visual dilihat dari tingkat kejernihan larutan yang dihasilkan. Peningkatan kecepatan homogenizer menyebabkan terjadi kerusakan senyawa katekin yang ditandai dengan perubahan warna menjadi coklat, ditunjukkan dengan penurunan kadar katekin dari 84,32% menjadi 75,91%. Sampel hasil perlakuan dikeringkan dengan spray dryer pada kondisi operasi suhu inlet 100oC dan outlet 90oC, tekanan vakum pada 15 Psi, terjadi penurunan ukuran partikel (209,45 nm). Sampel diuji menggunakan scanning electron microscope (SEM) menunjukkan morfologi katekin tidak simetris. Analisis ukuran partikel katekin dilanjutkan menggunakan software image-J dan diperoleh ukuran partikel antara 209,53-280,50 nm.ABSTRACTThis study was aimed to determine the effect of solvent type and homogenizer speed on the particle characteristics of gambier catechins. The research was conducted by dissolving the gambir catechins with solvents variation of water, ethanol 20%, mixture of ethanol 20% and ethyl acetate (ratio 1:10) and homogenizer speed 500; 1,500; 2,000; and 2,500 rpm. The particle characteristics of the treatment were tested using a particle size analyzer (PSA) and obtained the results varied between 2,148-3,354 nm. The stirring process at a speed of 2500 rpm can reduce the particle size (2,148 nm), visually seen from the clarity level of the solution produced. Increasing the speed of the homogenizer caused damage to the catechin compound which was marked by a change in color became brown, indicated by a decrease in catechin content from 84.32% to 75.91%. The treated sample was dried with a spray dryer under operating conditions of inlet temperature 100oC and outlet temperature 90oC, vacuum pressure at 15 Psi particle size decreased (209.45 nm). Samples were tested using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed the symmetrical morphology of the catechins. The analysis of catechins particle size was continued using the image-J software and obtained the particle size between 209.53-280.50 nm.

Biosorben cangkang pensi (Corbicula moltkiana) sebagai penyerap zat warna metanil yellow ditinjau dari pH dan model kesetimbangan adsorpsi Rahmiana Zein; Putri Ramadhani; Hermansyah Aziz; Refilda Suhaili
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Penelitian cangkang pensi (Corbicula moltkiana) sebagai penyerap zat warna metanil yellow telah dilakukan dengan sistem batch. Kondisi optimum penyerapan terjadi pada pH 4 dan konsentrasi awal 100 mg/L. Proses adsorpsi terjadi mengikuti model isoterm Langmuir dengan nilai R2 adalah 0,886 pada monolayer dengan kapasitas adsorpsi maksimum (qmax) diperoleh 2,591 mg/g. Hasil analisis gugus fungsi cangkang pensi dengan FTIR menunjukkan adanya interaksi antara molekul zat warna metanil yellow dan gugus fungsi. Analisis morfologi permukaan cangkang pensi menggunakan SEM menunjukkan bahwa pori-pori cangkang pensi telah diisi oleh molekul zat warna metanil yellow. Cangkang pensi dapat digunakan sebagai bahan penyerap zat warna metanil yellow di dalam larutan. ABSTRACTThe study of the Pensi Shell (Corbicula moltkiana) to adsorb metanil yellow (MY)dyes has been investigated. This study was determined by batch system. The optimum conditions of metanil yellow dyes adsorption occurred at pH 4 and initial concentration 100 mg/L. The adsorption process was properly described by Langmuir isotherm model which was indicated by the value of R2=0,886. This confirmed that the adsorption process was monolayer with maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) was 2,591 mg/g. Functional groups analysis by FTIR showed the interactions MY molecule on pensi shell functional groups. Analysis of morphology surface of pensi shell by SEM indicated that the pore was filled by MY molecules. Pensi shell could be used as adsorbent of metanil yellow dyes in aqueous solution.

Ekstraksi kayu secang (Caesalpinia sappan Linn) dan aplikasinya pada pewarnaan kain katun dan sutera F Failisnur; S Sofyan; S Silfia
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Kayu secang (Caesalpinia sappanLinn) mengandung komponen kromofor brazilein yang dapat memberikan warna merah apabila dilarutkan dalam air. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk melihat pengaruh proses ekstraksi maserasi dan perebusan dari kayu secang menggunakan pelarut air terhadap pewarnaan kain katun dan sutera. Hasil pewarnaan memberikan warna merah muda, merah keunguan, coklat dan coklat keabu-abuan. Pewarnaan kain sutera dengan ekstrak kayu secang yang menggunakan proses perebusan memberikan intensitas warna rata-rata yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya, dengan ketahanan luntur warna yang cukup sampai sangat baik terhadap pencucian, keringat, sinar dan gosokan. abstractSappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) contains a chromophore component of brazilein which can give red color when dissolved in water. The aim of the study was to see the effect of maceration and boiling extraction processes from sappan wood using water solvents on the dyeing of cotton and silk fabrics. The dyeing results gave pink, purplish red, brown and grayish brown. The dyeing of silk fabric with sappan wood extract using the boiling process provided a higher average color intensity compared to other treatments, with color fastness for washing, perspiration, lighting, and rubbing were sufficient to excellent.

Front Matter Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol. 9 No. 1 Juni Tahun 2019 Sofyan Sofyan
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Front Matter Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol. 9 No. 1 Juni Tahun 2019

Pengaruh penyalut maltodekstrin terhadap produk mikrokapsul minyak jahe dengan teknik spray drying Fitriana Djafar; Muhammad Dani Supardan
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat mikrokapsul minyak jahe dengan menggunakan teknik spray drying. Bahan penyalut yang digunakan adalah maltodekstrin. Variabel penelitian yang dipelajari adalah konsentrasi maltodekstrin yaitu 10, 20 dan 30 (%-b/v) dan rasio minyak jahe terhadap maltodekstrin yaitu 1:8, 1:10, 1:12 dan 1:14 (b/v). Variabel penelitian dengan rendemen tertinggi akan digunakan untuk mempelajari pengaruh variasi suhu inlet proses spray drying (160, 170, 180 dan 190 oC). Hasil analisis gas kromatografi-spektrofotometri massa menunjukkan bahwa ada lima komponen terbesar yang terdapat dalam minyak jahe yaitu benzene (28,62%), zingiberene (19,46%), β-bisabolene (13,48%), cyclohexane (12,59%) dan farnesene (5,83%). Rendemen produk mikrokapsul minyak jahe tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan konsentrasi maltodekstrin 30% dan rasio minyak jahe terhadap maltodekstrin 1:14 yaitu sebesar 37 gram. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan suhu inlet spray drying memberikan pengaruh terhadap kadar air, kadar minyak total, kadar minyak di permukaan dan kadar minyak terperangkap mikrokapsul minyak jahe. Hasil analisis Scanning Electron Microscopy menunjukkan mikrostruktur produk mikrokapsul minyak atsiri jahe yang dihasilkan memiliki bentuk yang bervariasi. ABSTRACTThis study aims to make ginger oil microcapsules using spray drying technique. Maltodextrine was used as a coating material. The process variables studied were maltodextrin concentration 10, 20 and 30 (%-w/v) and ratio of ginger oil to maltodextrin 1:8, 1:10, 1:12 and 1:14 (w/v). The best process variable with the highest product yield will be used to investigate the effect of inlet temperature variations of spray drying process (160, 170, 180 and 190 oC). The results of gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy analysis showed that the five largest components contained in ginger oil were benzene (28.62%), zingiberene (19.46%), β-bisabolene (13.48%), cyclohexane (12.59%) and farnesene (5.83%). The highest yield of ginger essential oil microcapsule products was obtained 37 grams at maltodextrin concentration 30% and ratio of ginger oil to maltodextrin 1:14. The experimental results showed that the inlet temperature of spray drying affected the moisture content, total oil content, surface oil content, and trapped oil content of the ginger oil microcapsules products. Meanwhile, Scanning Electron Microscopy analysis results showed that the microstructure of ginger essential oil products from several research treatments generally have various shape.

Pembuatan tablet effervescent berbahan aktif sediaan kering ekstrak daun senduduk dan bakteri asam laktat asal dadih Sijunjung sebagai minuman fungsional Yulia Helmi Diza; Alfi Asben; Tuty Anggraini
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Pembuatan tablet effervescent dengan bahan aktif ekstrak kering daun senduduk dan sediaan kering bakteri asam laktat yang berasal dari dadih Kabupaten Sijunjung telah dilakukan melalui pencetakan langsung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat sediaan minuman fungsional yang mengandung senyawa antioksidan dan bakteri baik yang mudah dan cepat disajikan. Bahan aktif yang digunakan adalah sediaan kering BAL asal dadih sebanyak 2%, 4% dan 6% dari bahan penyusun tablet dan ekstrak kering daun senduduk sebanyak 15% untuk semua perlakuan. Terhadap produk yang dihasilkan dilakukan pengujian total BAL, aktivitas antioksidan, total fenol, pH larutan, kadar air, waktu larut, kekerasan, dan uji kesukaan meliputi penampakan tablet, rasa, warna larutan dan aroma. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa total BAL yang tumbuh pada larutan tablet effervescent yang memenuhi syarat untuk pangan fungsional adalah perlakuan penambahan sediaan kering BAL 4% dan 6%, yaitu 4,04x106 kol/g, 1,72x107 kol/g, aktivitas antioksidan 52,20% dan 54,50% dengan total fenol 0,81 mg GAE/g dan 0,86 mg GAE/g. Dari hasil uji kesukaan diketahui bahwa perlakuan yang mempunyai rata-rata nilai kesukaan tertinggi adalah perlakuan dengan bahan aktif ekstrak kering senduduk 15% dan sediaan kering BAL 4% dengan pH 5,03, kadar air 9,34%, waktu larut 1,875 menit dan kekerasan 4,18 kg.ABSTRACTMaking of effervescent tables with active ingredients of dried extracts of senduduk leaves and dried preparations of lactic acid bacteria from dadih Sijunjung have been done through direct compression. This study aims to make functional beverage preparations that contain antioxidant compounds and bacteria both easily and quickly served. The active ingredients used were dried LAB preparations from dadih as much as 2%, 4% and 6% of the constituent tablets and dried extracts of senduduk leaves as much as 15% for all treatments. The products were tested of total LAB, antioxidant activity, total phenol, pH of the solution, moisture content, dissolution time, hardness, and test of preference included tablet appearance, taste, solution color, and flavour. The results showed that the total LAB that grown in the effervescent tablet solution met the requirements for functional food was the treatment of the addition of 4% and 6% LAB dry dosage, namely 4.04x106 col/g, 1.72x107 col/g, antioxidant activity 52.20% and 54.50% with total phenol 0.81 mg GAE/g and 0.86 mg GAE/g. From the test results, it was known that the treatment that had the highest average value of preference was treatment with the active ingredient of dry extract of 15% and dry preparation of LAB 4% with pH 5.03, moisture content 9.34%, soluble time 1.875 minutes, and hardness 4.18 kg.

Back Matter Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol. 9 No. 1 Juni Tahun 2019 Sofyan Sofyan
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Degradasi senyawa fenol secara fotokatalisis dengan menggunakan katalis C-doped TiO2 S Safni; Vepilia Wulanda; K Khoiriah; Diana Vanda Wellia
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Fenol merupakan senyawa kimia yang banyak digunakan dalam proses industri. Akan tetapi fenol dalam konsentrasi berlebihan dapat menimbulkan efek buruk terhadap kehidupan manusia dan lingkungan pada umumnya. Pada penelitian ini, fenol didegradasi secara fotolisis tanpa dan dengan menggunakan katalis TiO2/C di bawah sinar UV (10 Watt, λ= 365 nm) dan sinar tampak (lampu philips LED 13 watt 1400 lux, λ= 465-640 nm). Larutan fenol yang telah didegradasi diukur dengan Spektrofotometer UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 200-400 nm. Hasil karakterisasi XRD dan DRS UV-Vis memperlihatkan bahwa katalis modifikasi titania menggunakan unsur karbon berpotensi aktif pada sinar tampak. Aplikasi katalis TiO2/C mampu meningkatkan efisiensi dari degradasi fenol pada sistem fotolisis. Larutan fenol 8 mg/L terdegradasi sebanyak 38,98% dan 35,59% tanpa katalis dan meningkat menjadi 51,69% dan 66,10% dengan penambahan 5 mg katalis TiO2/C masing-masing di bawah sinar UV dan sinar tampak.ABSTRACTPhenol is a chemical compound that is widely used in industrial processes. However, phenol in excessive concentration can endanger human life and the environment. In this study, phenol was degraded without and using TiO2/C catalyst under UV-light (10 Watts, λ = 365 nm) and visible-light (13 watt Philips, lux= 1400, λ = 465-640 nm) photolysis. The degraded of phenol solution was measured by a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength 200-400 nm. The results of XRD and DRS UV-Vis characterization show that the modified of titania catalyst using carbon potentially actives in visible-light. Application of TiO2/C catalyst can improve the efficiency of phenol degradation in photolysis system. Phenol solution with concentration 8 mg/L was degraded by 38.98% and 35.59% without catalyst and increased to be 51.69% and 66.10% in presence of 5 mg TiO2/C catalyst under UV-light and visible-light, respectively.

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