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Prof. Diah Ayu Maharani, DDS, PhD
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Makara Journal of Health Research
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 23563664     EISSN : 23563656     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/msk
Core Subject :
Makara Journal of Health Research (MJHR) is a peer-reviewed and scientific journal published by Universitas Indonesia. Starting from 2019 onwards, MJHR is redirecting its scope, focusing on publishing research articles relevant to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) addressing issues of surveillance, disease management and health policy in the Asia Pacific and Mediterranean countries. Relevant academic articles regarding NCDs analyzed from an integrated perspective including individual and population level, experimental and clinical approaches, epidemiology, public health, disease prevention and health promotion, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and palliative care are welcome.
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Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 29, No. 2" : 10 Documents clear
Academic Burnout and Its Association with Sleep Quality, Physical Activity, and Social Media Addiction Among University Students in Perak, Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study Joanne Lim, Kai Eng; Cheah, Khang Jin; Abdul Latif, Farzana Athirah; Mohd Shahrin, Fatin Izzaty
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 29, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Academic burnout among Malaysian undergraduates is a rising concern, driven by academic pressure and compounded by lifestyle and behavioural factors. This study aimed to examine the associations between academic burnout, sleep quality, physical activity, and social media addiction. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 382 undergraduate students was conducted using an online survey to collect the data. The chi-square test was used to assess bivariate associations, and multivariable logistic regression was employed to identify independent predictors of academic burnout. Results: The majority of respondents were aged 21 to 23 years (59.7%) and female (60.7%). Overall, 56.0% of respondents experienced academic burnout, with poor sleep quality highly prevalent (90.1%), 52.4% classified as minimally active, and 92.9% not meeting the criteria for social media addiction. Sleep quality was significantly associated with academic burnout in both the bivariate chi-square analysis (p = 0.030) and logistic regression analysis (p = 0.039). No significant associations were found between physical activity or social media addiction with academic burnout. Conclusions: Poor sleep quality and a minimally active level of physical activity were prevalent among university students, with sleep quality showed a significant association with academic burnout. Further research is needed to elucidate additional contributing factors and support the development of effective health promotion strategies in university settings.
The Association Between Irregular Sleep Patterns and Learning Outcomes: Implications for Students’ Health in Iraq Ali, Hazhmat; Musa, Dildar Haji; Mohammed, Ary Habeeb; Abdulraheem, Hiwa; Salahadeen, Sherzad; Mustafa, Alind
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 29, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Students often exhibit irregular sleep patterns due to rigorous academic workloads, which exert a considerable negative impact on their mental health. The present study aims to investigate the influence of irregular sleep on academic performance. Methods: This study recruited a cohort of 409 medical students of both genders. Upon their consent, participants filled out a closed-ended questionnaire on various sleep parameters, including sleep habits, duration, and environment. Results: Students with irregular sleep patterns reported higher rates of sleep deprivation, late sleep onset, and troubled sleep. Moreover, they spent a longer duration using smart devices before bedtime and experienced higher levels of stress. Irregular sleep demonstrated a positive correlation with sleep deprivation, sleep duration, troubled sleep, and the duration of smart device use (p = 0.000), energy drink consumption (p = 0.040), and junk-food intake (p = 0.000). Students exhibited poor academic performance, frequently experienced fatigue, and were unfocused. Irregular sleep was positively correlated with overall academic performance (p = 0.002), fatigue, and focus in class (p = 0.000). Conclusion: The findings indicate a significant impact of irregular sleep on learning outcomes and mental health among medical students. Thus, effective strategies are critically required to enhance sleep within this population.
Nursing Students’ Sociodemographic Characteristics and Consumer Preferences’ Prediction Level of Perceived Food Literacy Duru, Sinan
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 29, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Food literacy, which is a critical competency for nursing students, plays a pivotal role in promoting evidence-based nutrition behaviors and contributes effectively to public health. This study aimed to determine the level of perceived food literacy among nursing students. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 488 nursing students from two universities in the south of Turkey. The research data were collected face to face via the Personal Information Form, the Consumer Preferences Form, and Self Perceived Food Literacy. The data was analyzed using the Independent Sample t Test, One Way ANOVA, and multiple linear regression. Results: The perceived food literacy of nursing students differed significantly by gender (p = 0.002), lifestyle (p = 0.001), smoking (p = 0.000), and paying attention to the expiration date (p = 0.000). The prediction level of perceived food literacy of nursing students' sociodemographic characteristics and consumer preferences was 31% (p = 0.000). There was a one standard deviation increase in the smoking and paying attention to the expiration date, a change of 0.143 and -0.240 standard deviations occurs in the SPFL total score average, respectively (p = 0.003; p = 0.000). Conclusions: This study may contribute to the development of evidence-based strategies in nursing education to improve food literacy of nursing students in clinical and community settings.
The Effect of Cultural Literacy, Ethnocentrism and Xenophobia on Intercultural Sensitivity in Intern Nurses in Türkiye Gümüş Şekerci, Yasemin; Yıldırım, Beyza Gül
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 29, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: With rising migration and multicultural patient populations, understanding the factors that shape intercultural sensitivity among healthcare workers has become essential. This study aims to determine the effect of cultural literacy, ethnocentrism, and xenophobia on intercultural sensitivity in nurse interns. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 206 intern nurses from three universities in a province of Türkiye. A simple random sampling method is used. Data are collected by using the Introductory Information Form, Intercultural Sensitivity Scale, Cultural Literacy Scale, Ethnocentrism Scale, and Xenophobia Scale. Multiple regression is used for data analysis. Results: Cultural literacy (β = 0.327, p < 0.001) was found to be a positive predictor of intercultural sensitivity, while ethnocentrism (β = −0.194, p < 0.001) and xenophobia (β = −0.210, p < 0.001) were found to be negative predictors of intercultural sensitivity. Cultural literacy, ethnocentrism, and xenophobia explained 44.3% of the variation in intercultural sensitivity (Adjusted R2 = 0.443). Conclusion: The study found that cultural literacy plays a positive role in increasing intercultural sensitivity, while ethnocentrism and xenophobia negatively affect this sensitivity.
The Association Between Pain Catastrophizing, Somatization, Psychological Distress and Low Back Pain Severity Among Academics in Malaysia Mohamad Saufi, Noordiyana Izyanti; Zamri, Eva Nabiha
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 29, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Psychological factors may influence the severity of low back pain (LBP), especially in high-stress professions such as academia. This study aimed to identify the relationship between psychological factors and LBP severity among Malaysian public university academics. Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the relationship between psychological factors and LBP among academics at four public universities located in the northern region of West Malaysia. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on sociodemographic characteristics, work information, lifestyle factors, LBP presence and intensity, and psychological factors. Data were analyzed using ordinal logistic regression and reported in terms of odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Almost half (45%) of the participants exhibited mild to moderate LBP. In the multivariable analysis, mild depression (OR: 2.75; 95% CI: 1.43–5.32), high somatization (OR: 2.90 95% CI: 1.42–5.93), and high pain catastrophizing (OR: 2.03; 95% CI: 1.03–4.01) were significantly associated with greater LBP severity. Conclusions: Our findings emphasized the connection between psychological factors and pain among academics. To address these issues, workplace interventions focusing on pain management, psychological health, and LBP should be implemented, highlighting the necessity for a collaborative effort.
Potential Biological Hazards in Health Clinics: Key Strategies for Enhancing Worker Safety in Malaysia Ahmad, Subki; Awang, Normah; Abdull Hamid, Ermie; Ithnin, Anuar; Kamaludin, Nurul Farahana; Muhd Nor, Noraizah
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 29, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Biological hazards in health clinics may lead to acute or chronic health issues for healthcare workers. This study aims to identify potential biological hazards within health clinics, with a focus on the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of healthcare workers, in order to improve their safety. Methods: Samples from environmental surfaces were collected and cultured to identify bacterial pathogens. A cross-sectional study involving 203 healthcare workers was conducted using a questionnaire derived from CDC-adapted guidelines. Descriptive analysis and multivariate regression were used to assess KAP. Results: Bacterial growth was observed in all clinics. The Kruskal-Wallis Test indicated significant differences in Aerobic Colony Count across sampling sites, but not between clinics. Healthcare workers demonstrated good knowledge and attitudes but exhibited poor practices, mainly influenced by management responsibilities rather than individual actions. Pearson correlations revealed a very weak correlation between knowledge and practices, as well as between attitude and practices. Regression analysis indicated that higher practice scores were predicted by the workers' occupations. Conclusions: Biological hazards were found in all clinics, and poor practices had a greater significant impact on safety than a lack of knowledge or negative attitudes. Mandatory training, real-time audits, strict rules, and enhanced monitoring are essential strategies for improving worker safety.
Risk Factors of Acute Gastroenteritis and the Implementation of Community-Based Total Sanitation in Banyuwangi, Indonesia: A Cross-sectional Study Al Karina, Citra; Juniastuti, Juniastuti; Utomo, Budi; Mertha Adnyana, I Made Dwi
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 29, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: In Banyuwangi Regency, Indonesia, diarrhea remains a major health problem, even though the community-based total sanitation (CBTS) program has been implemented for ten years. This household survey study aimed to identify the risk factors of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) and to evaluate the implementation of CBTS in Banyuwangi Regency. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Banyuwangi Regency. Characteristic data from patients with AGE were collected from the two primary healthcare working areas, followed by collecting data of their family members and CBTS in their houses. Data were obtained through interviews and direct observation. The CBTS evaluation results were analyzed descriptively, while risk factors were analyzed statistically using Chi-square and logistic regression tests. Results: Data were collected from 278 individuals across 96 families. Age and educational level were significantly associated with AGE. Individuals aged ≥19 years were less likely to have AGE (p < 0.001, OR = 0.385, 95% CI = 0.228-0.651). Most households had poor CBTS facilities of handwashing (76.0%), garbage (80.2%), and liquid waste disposal (88.5%). Conclusion: Age and education level were identified as individual risk factors for AGE. Most households had three poor facilities of CBTS. These findings might be considered in public health interventions to reduce AGE incidence in Banyuwangi Regency.
A Study on Nutritional Status Among Regular Gym Goers in and Around Chennai, India Thirumurugan, Ettiyappan; Venkatesan, Kalpana Devi; Tamilmani, Pavithra; Preetha, Devika; Selvanathan, Joyce Albert Princy Mariya; Mohandas, Dhanyasree; Sathik, Ameer Basha; Manjunathan, Santhosh Kumar; Sheeba, Ashika Kannadhas
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 29, No. 2
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Background: The increasing sales of sports supplements indicate a concerning trend, as many gym-goers may misuse these products owing to misinformation and insufficient knowledge, potentially impacting their performance. This issue is further compounded by specific gym trainers who may lack comprehensive information and inadvertently influence their clients' choices. To address this concern, the present study evaluated dietary supplement practices and sports nutrition knowledge among regular gym-goers at fitness centers in Chennai, India. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from November 2023 to May 2024 using a validated questionnaire distributed across Chennai, India. A total of 450 participants were included in the final analysis, consisting of individuals aged 20–50 years. Results: Among the respondents, the primary professionals endorsing dietary supplement use were gym trainers (22.6%), followed by nutritionists (13.1%) and medical doctors (3.9%). Notably, nearly one-third of the respondents reported acquiring these supplements from specialized sports nutrition stores (23.5%), pharmacies (7.8%), and online platforms (27.1%). Conclusions: The findings indicate that 61% of respondents demonstrated sufficient nutritional knowledge and skills, while the remaining showed inadequate knowledge. Overall, this study underscores the urgent need to educate the public regarding the prudent use of dietary supplements and to implement regulations requiring similar educational initiatives for trainers.
Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Version of the Palliative Care Attitude Scale (T-PCAS-9) in Cancer Patients Demir Çam, Sevgi; İşcan Ayyildiz, Neşe; Evcimen, Hasan; Çil, Timüçin; Bozkurt Duman, Berna
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 29, No. 2
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Background: A reliable, validated Turkish measurement tool will allow researchers to measure the impact of attitudes towards palliative care on other health outcomes in individuals with chronic and critical illness. This study aimed to examine the Turkish psychometric properties of the Palliative Care Attitude Scale (PCAS-9) for individuals with cancer. Methods: The Turkish adaptation of the PCAS-9 (T-PCAS-9) included 505 cancer patients, who were aged >18 years, had a diagnosis of cancer, and no mental problems. The factor structure of the T-PCAS-9 was examined using exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, convergent-divergent validity, and measurement invariance analysis. Results: The three-factor structure with factor loadings >0.5 was found to have convergent-divergent validity and measurement invariance. The internal consistency coefficients of the T-PCAS-9 were >0.7. Conclusions: The T-PCAS-9 was found to be a valid and reliable measurement tool for assessing palliative care attitudes in the Turkish population.
Evaluation of Palliative Care Awareness Among Hospitalized Patients and Their Relatives in Türkiye Uzgör, Füsun; Özkaraman, Ayşe; Özen, Hülya
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 29, No. 2
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Background: Today, with the advances in medical knowledge and technology, chronic diseases have increased worldwide in parallel with the prolonging life expectancy and the aging of the population. This has increased the need for palliative care in the delivery of medical services. This study aimed to evaluate the palliative care awareness and level of knowledge of inpatients receiving health services in a university hospital and their relatives in Türkiye. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out with 360 patients and their relatives who volunteered to participate in the research. The study data were collected in face-to-face interviews using an individual introduction form and palliative care information and opinion form. Results: Most individuals (84.4%, N = 304) participating in the study had never heard of palliative care before. In participants who had a relative with a chronic disease now/in the past, the rate of those who knew and could explain palliative care was significantly higher than those who had never heard of palliative care (p = 0.013). Conclusions: Palliative care awareness care is low among the population, most of which consists of individuals with chronic diseases and their relatives, who are hospitalized to receive health care.

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