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Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 02151936     EISSN : 26148412     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2320
Core Subject : Health,
Nursing Public Health
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM Public Health and Community Medicine) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that deals with the fields of public health and public medicine. The topics of the article will be grouped according to the main message of the author. This focus covers areas and scope related to aspects of: - Epidemiology - Infectious diseases control - Clinical Epidemiology - Environmental Health - Occupational Health - Healthy City - Public Health and Primary Health Care - School of Health Promotion - Healthy lifestyles - Health promotion - Health and Social Behavior - Tobacco and smoking - Adolescent Health - Public Health Nutrition - Maternal and Child Health - Reproductive Health - Population Health - Health of Vulnerable People - Social Determinants of Health - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - Human Resource Management
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 7 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 20, No 2 (2004)" : 7 Documents clear
Penanganan Kasus Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas Yang Diautopsi Di Instalasi Kedokteran Forensik RSUP Dr. Sardjito Tahun 1998-2000 I Putu Gede Dharmawan, I.B.Gd. Surya P dan Susi Hadidjah
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 20, No 2 (2004)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.3701

Abstract

Background:The population booming, traffics crowd, mainly in.both air and upland, and industrial developments have been dramatically affecting disaster at great number in the worldwide. In developing countries, the traffic accident was the biggest contributor to the death under 50 years old, especially to the teen-ager. Objective: To understand frequency and distribution of traffic accident was victim's their visum et repertum records made at Forensic Medical Installation RSUP Dr. Sardjito within year of 19982000. Methods: This research based on descriptive survey, which the data is collected retrospectively from visum et repertum victim's data at Forensic Medical Installation RSUP Dr. Sardjito within year of 1998-2000. Results: The result showed that there were 283 traffic accident cases involved in .this research. Both January and November were the month with highest rank with 29 cases (10,25%).The age group of 20-29 was the highest rate with 90 cases (31,80%). Specifically, man victim is dominant with 219 cases (77,39%). Both Sleman and Bantul regency were at the highest rate with 219 cases position in traffic accident with 126 cases (44,52%) and 111 cases respectively. The victim of motorcycle accident was the highest position with 130 cases (45,93%). External examination was carried out for all victims and this research also found that there were 221 cases (2,47%) accompanied by head traumas, chest, and extremities. Conclusion: There was decrease of fatal traffics accident within 1998-2000. Keywords: traffic's accident, frequency and distribution, visum et repertum, autopsy
Perancangan Media Promosi Kesehatan Pencegahan Gaki Pada Anak Sd Di Daerah Endemik Di Provinsi Bali I Putu Suiraoka, Suharyanto Supardi dan Fatwa Sari Tetra Dewi
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 20, No 2 (2004)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.3702

Abstract

Background: Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) is a serious problem in Indonesia. IDD control program was implemented through some preventive action, included iodized salt. Housewives knowledge regarding IDD is a factor that could influence the availability of iodized salt in household. Their knowledge could be improved through knowledge improvement of Primary school children regarding IDD, because they considered as one of message carriers in the household. Health education activity at school was implemented through discourse without using media. Therefore, media is need to make the health education process could run effectively. This research was aimed to design health promotion media that suitable with primary school children in endemic area of IDD in Bali province. Methods: This was a qualitative research that used in-depth interview with subject's teachers, psychologists, education practitioners, and nutrition officers. In addition, this research was also implemented with focus group discussion toward 8 groups of primary school children from two characteristics and Check List of Primary School children response toward media design. Results: Health education problem at primary school children in Karangasem District was media limitation, existence risk of IDD effect, and also social phase of primary school children at concrete operational. The communications strategy in health promotion of IDD prevention consisted by formulated goals, information's, channels and methods. Primary school children (target audience) in this research had a notion that items, channel, media type for them were media with a lot of picture illustration like leaflet, booklet, and pictorial story. Result of pre-testing media indicate that the physical vision from leaflet, booklet, and pictorial story compatible to target specification. The evaluation planning included the process and impact evaluation from health promotion program of IDD prevention at primary school children. Conclusion: According to primary school children, health education at school conducted with the personal communications (discourse). Media type of IDD prevention which primary school children wanted was leaflet, booklet, and pictorial story. Figure of family member as picture illustration in the media will give the reinforcement effect to the massage. Target response to media device was good. Keywords: health promotion media, IDD, primary school children
Kadar Sianida Dan Tiosianat Pada Tikus Putih Postmortem Yang Diberi Sianida Dosis Letal Secara Per Oral I.B.Gd. Surya P dan Suhartini
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 20, No 2 (2004)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.3703

Abstract

Background: The examinations of forensic corpse have to be performing an autopsy and laboratory examination to determine cause of death of the victim. However in the case of death suspected as cyanide person was often difficult to determine cause of death of the victim, because the result of laboratory examination did not f Conorrn to our expectations. As that have to be done the study about poison of cyanide, is usedf oi cyanide and tyosianat can be still detected by spectrophotometer in different sample and SParfl Of fine"). Objective: to find out the connection between level of cyanide and tyosianat as metabolite in the lever and kidneys of white mouse given per oral lethal dose cyanide with the time of blood, examination.The Result of study was used as reference to examine an exact sampel in the case of cyanide poison. Methods: Study design used experimental quasi, that are three white mouse of wistar with 100200 g of weight given KCN 3 mg/kg of weight. After mouse died, the blood of mouse was taken by venous then performs an autopsy to obtain lever and kidneys. Each of the sampels was divided into three groups. One group was examined in flat time, two weeks and four weeks. Cyanide was examined by methods of pyridine acid barbiturate and tyosianat was examined by method of tri chloro acetate, then the examination of spectrophotometers have to be done the data was counted by correlation of standard curve. Results: The examination of tyosionat level was obtained more higher in the four weeks than at the time and two weeks. However, the level of cyanide was obtained higher at that time than in two weeker s and than four neys and b lo kid weeks. The lod.evel of cyanide and tyosianat in the organs was obtained higher in the live Conclusion: The examination of cyanide poison had better to be done at the time and tyosianat was examined in four weeks, the liver had better to be examined than kidneys and blood. Keywords: an autopsy, cyanide poison, level of cyanide and tyosianat, spectrophotometer examination
Pengaruh Perawatan Bayi Lekat Terhadap Pencapaian Pertumbuhan Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah Di RS DR. Sardjito Yogyakarta Lely Lusmilasari, Achmad Surjono dan Ekawaty Lutfia Haksari
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 20, No 2 (2004)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.3704

Abstract

Background: In conventional care method, a low birth weight infants (LBWi) needs an incubator or even radiant heater to prevent hypothermic and improves its general condition, but both devices are so costly that a new way of nursing called kangaroo mother care (KMC) is developed. Objective: To determine the influence of KMC and the difference in growth achievement between LBWi nursed with KMC and the others with conventional method up to the age of three months. Methods: The study was a quasi experiment with Non-Equivalent Control Group design, carried out at DR Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta. The sample consists of pairs of Mother-LBWi, chosen using consecutive sampling were divided into two groups of treatment group and control group. Data analysis was conducted by using SPSS program. Results: The mean z score of weight for age was – 1,193 ± 0,600 (treatment group) and – 1,308 ± 0,586 (control group), (mean difference: 0, 1159; CI 95% = –0.123 to +0.355; p=0,339). The mean z score of height for age was – 2, 20 ± 1,158 (treatment group) and-2, 52 ± 0,956 (control group), (mean difference: 0, 325; CI 95%= –0,103 to +0,753; p=0,136). The mean head circumference for age was 39, 19 ± 3, 04 (treatment group) and 38, 54 ± 1.95 (control group), (mean difference of 0, 65; CI 95% =-1.381 to +1.685; P=0.213). Conclusion: The mean z score of weight for age and height for age, head circumference for age in treatment group were higher than that control group, there were no significant differences between the two groups. Keywords: Kangaroo Mother Care; low birth weight infants (LBWi); Growth
Pemberdayaan Keluarga Dalam Proses Perawatan Klien Skizofrenia Melalui Pendidikan Kesehatan Di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Makassar Muhammad Nur, Muhana Sofiati Utami dan Supriyati
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 20, No 2 (2004)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.3705

Abstract

Background: At Makassar Mental Hospital, there are 72,84% clients hospitalized were schizophrenia. Family and social support is an important factor that influences the schizophrenia therapy. However, family and social support for the client is poor. It s because knowledge, attitude, and client s family practice toward schizoprenia is poor. Objective: This research was aimed to find out the influence of the family empowerment by group health education and individual health education using folder toward family knowledge, attitude, and practice in schizophrenia client treatment. Methods: This research was a quasi experimental study by nonequivalent control group with pretest and post test design. The subjects were 60 people of schizophrenia client s families treated in intensive service Unit Makassar Mental Hospital. 30 people of them were empowered by group health education using folder, and the other one were empowered by individual health education using folder. Results: Analysis of paired t-test from pre test to post test 1 and post test 2 showed that the both method increased knowledge, attitude, and behavior of schizophrenia client family effectively in treatment. Yet, on analysis of independent t-test, method of group espionage used folder was more effective than individual espionage method used folder for increasing knowledge. Conclusion: Family empowerment by group and individual health education using folder were effective to increase schizophrenia client s family knowledge, attitude, and practice in schizophrenia client treatment. Keywords: health education, schizophrenia treatment, client s family, family empowerment
Peranan Suami Dalam Upaya Penanggulangan Kekurangan Energi Kronis (KEK) Ibu Hamil Nani Ratnaningsih, Rizqie Auliana
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 20, No 2 (2004)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.3706

Abstract

Background: Since Indonesia suffered monetary crisis, the government program was Social Safeguard Net Program in the field of healthy for pregnant woman through Pemberian Makanan Tambahan Pemulihan (PMTP) program. Target of PMTP program is the chronic energy deficiency (CEO) of pregnant woman. The problem of PMTP program is not readiness of the family, which obtain PMTP program. However, pregnancy is not only woman responsibility, but also family responsibility especially the husband. Objective: The objective of research is to know the role of husband in order to overcome the CED of pregnant woman and to find some factors that affect the role of husband in order to overcome the CEO of pregnant woman. Methods: Research sample is the husband of pregnant woman, who suffered the CED in Puskesmas Salaman 1, Kecamatan Salaman, Kabupaten Magelang, Central Java. Research instrument is questionnaire to know knowledge, attitude, and action of the husband. Data collection method is to interview the husband and direct measurement of height, weight, and upper arm s circle of pregnant woman. Knowledge of husband is scored 1 (right) and 0 (wrong). Attitude of husband is scored 4 (very agree), 3 (agree), 2 (disagree) and 1 (very disagree). Action of husband is analyzed descriptively. Correlation and regression analysis with SPSS version 10 and SPS 2000 program are used to analysis data. Results and conclusion: The role of husband in order to overcome the CED of pregnant woman is shown by knowledge, attitude, and action. Knowledge of husband consist good knowledge 2.86%, intermediate knowledge 77.14% and bad knowledge 20.00%. Attitude of husband consist good attitude 97.14%, bad attitude 2.86% and intermediate attitude 0%. Actions of husband are example to deliver pregnancy checking; to care during pregnancy; to suggest consuming nutritious food; to control during eating; to suggest taking medicine; to follow PMTP program; to prepare baby needs; and to help home works. Age of marriage, education level and kind of work have significant correlation with the knowledge of husband. Age of husband, age of marriage, education level and kind of work have significant correlation with attitude of husband. Knowledge and attitude of husband have significant correlation. Education level, age of marriage, kind of work, age of husband, number of life child and number of birth give lower effective contribution toward the knowledge of husband. Education level, age of marriage, kind of work, number of life child, number of birth and age of husband give lower effective contribution toward the attitude of husband. Keywords: husband, chronic energy deficiency, pregnant woman
Pengaruh Umur, Status Perkawinan, Pendidikan, Pekerjaan, Dan Pengetahuan Terhadap Sikap Wanita Dalam Menghadapi Menopause (Studi di Kelurahan Pacar Kembang, Kecamatan Tambaksari, Kota Surabaya Tahun 2003) Sila Pertikasari, Atik Choirul Hidajah
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 20, No 2 (2004)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.3707

Abstract

Background: Menopause is a natural process, which has to be through in woman s cycles of life. Menopause is often seen as an unpleasant period, because of the changes influenced the woman s physics and psychic and disturbing their activities. The objective of this research was to find out influence of characteristic such as: age, marital status, education, occupation, and knowledge of menopause to woman s attitude when they were dealing with menopause. Methods: This research were designed analytical and cross sectional. It was done in Pacar Kembang Village Tambaksari Subdistrict Surabaya: samples were 96 people choose by one stages cluster random sampling technique and multiple logistic regression test. Results: From the multiple logistic regression test with independent variable, the one influenced to women s attitude when dealing with menopause was age, with p < a (p = 0,010). Meanwhile, variables uninfluenced to women s attitude when dealing with menopause were marital status (p = 0,654), education (p = 1,000), occupation (p = 0,994) and knowledge of menopause (p = 1,000). Recommendation: Based on result of this research can be conclude that age have influenced to women s attitude when dealing with menopause. Therefore it is necessary to give more information about menopause as early as possible in order to get more attention to women when dealing with menopause. Keywords: women s attitude, menopause

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