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Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 02151936 EISSN : 26148412 DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2320

Core Subject : Health,

Nursing Public Health

Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM Public Health and Community Medicine) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that deals with the fields of public health and public medicine. The topics of the article will be grouped according to the main message of the author. This focus covers areas and scope related to aspects of: - Epidemiology - Infectious diseases control - Clinical Epidemiology - Environmental Health - Occupational Health - Healthy City - Public Health and Primary Health Care - School of Health Promotion - Healthy lifestyles - Health promotion - Health and Social Behavior - Tobacco and smoking - Adolescent Health - Public Health Nutrition - Maternal and Child Health - Reproductive Health - Population Health - Health of Vulnerable People - Social Determinants of Health - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - Human Resource Management

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan

Articles 7 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 24, No 4 (2008)" : 7 Documents clear

Perbandingan Kejadian dan Faktor Risiko Hipertensi antara RW 18 Kelurahan Panembahan dan RW 1 Kelurahan Patehan Cindy Cekti, Adiguno S.W., Sarah A.H., Khoirul A., Mohammad E.P., Datu R., Dyah A.R., Ika
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 24, No 4 (2008)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: The elderly makes up 10.9% and 15.5% of 720 residents in RW 18 Kelurahan Panembahan and 645 residents in RW 1 Kelurahan Patehan, respectively. Most of the elderly in both RW districts suffer from hypertension and ranks at third place among the 10 most prevalent diseases in Puskesmas Kraton in 2006. The prevalence of hypertension cases always increases year after year in both kelurahan. Therefore, hypertension gets more concern and support from stakeholders (the government, puskesmas, LSM) in the attempts of prevention and control, both in the form of health promotions and therapy.Objective: To determine the incidence of hypertension, the level of awareness of the residents, and the risk factors that affect the elderly in RW 18 Kelurahan Panembahan and RW 1 Kelurahan Patehan, Kecamatan Kraton.Method: This research is a descriptive observational study, with cross-sectional study design. The research subjects are the people within the society of Kelurahan Patehan and Kelurahan panembahan aged >60 years old. The numbers of samples obtained are 110 respondents. The instruments of this research are: calibrated aneroid sphygnomanometer, weighing scale, measuring tape, and questionnaires. Data analysis is done with the Chi-square test method and Fisher Exact test by using crosstabs, in addition to using the compare mean independent T-test.Results: Hypertension is found to affect 59.3% of the elderly population in RW 1 Patehan and 55.36% of thepopulation in RW 18 Panembahan. Interestingly, this corresponds to the prevalence data collected by JNC VII which states that half of the population aged 60-69 years old suffers from hypertension. Further analysis done within this research shows that there is no significant correlation between the incidence of hypertension and the risk factors of BMI, smoking, exercise, diets with high salt content, and coffee. In RW 18 Kelurahan Panembahan, the p values for the risk factors mentioned above are 0.159; 1.000; 1.000; 0.367; and 0.446 respectively. In RW 1 Kelurahan Patehan, the p values are 0.181; 1.000; 0.901; 1.000; and not analyzable. Based on interview, the amount of salt consumption in both RW is somewhat difficult to determine in the field, as the food is cooked and prepared in each household for several family members at a time. It is difficult for the subjects to estimate how many tablespoonfuls of salt is used in the dishes because subjects are accustomed to use rough hand measurements in taking salt. In addition to that, parts of the society in the target environment prefer to buy instant foods. The same applies to coffee consumption; it is hard to estimate the amount consumed because it is not a routine activity, and each individual differs in the sense of how much coffee taken each day and which type of coffee is used. The consumption of cigarettes everyday also differs between one individual and the other and the average amount is below that which can cause increase in blood pressure.Conclusion: The quantitative study in this research, supported with a qualitative study, shows that aspects of behavior are not risk factors that can cause hypertension. The incidence of hypertension in Kelurahan Patehan and Panemahan is related to age. Therefore, research is done regarding age distribution and hypertension incidence in the region, preceded by improvements in the instruments used to determine the levels of salt and caffein consumption and levels of stress. The residents of RW 1, Kelurahan Patehan and RW 18, Kelurahan Panembahan, Kecamatan Kraton may serve as models to illustrate that there is no correlation between risk factors and incidence of hypertension in an urban area with high levels of stress. Therefore, there is the need to do further research regarding cultural (Kraton) influences city toward another city center settlements stress factors that are related to hypertension.Keywords: elderly, hypertension, risk factors, Kelurahan Patehan and Panembahan, Kecamatan Kraton

Hubungan antara Ekspresi Emosi Keluarga Pasien dengan Kekambuhan Penderita Skizofrenia di RS Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta Carla R Marchira, Sumarni P., Lusia P.W
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 24, No 4 (2008)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Schizophrenia is considered as severe mental disorder which causes big burden in one’s life. After being hospitalized, schizophrenic patients will live with their family while do regular visitation to the hospital to get medical treatment under doctor’s supervision. Schizophrenic patient’s care often becomes a burden for the family, either financially, physically, and emotionally. Studies showed that many families have high expressed emotion due to high relapse rate on schizophrenic patient. Sex difference also affects course and schizophrenic prognosis. There are still limited data about these issues available in the field of mental health.Objective: To observe correlation between families expressed emotion and relapse rate of schizophrenia patients at Dr. Sardjito Hospital. We observed drug compliance and activity daily living of schizophrenia patients as well.Method: This study used cross sectional design. Subjects were schizophrenic patients who were being treated at Dr Sardjito Hospital and their families. The sample size was 31. Instruments used in this study were: Expressed emotion instrument by Soekarto (2001), Compliance Scale by Widiyanto (2002), and ADL instrument. Data were analyzed with Chi-Square and Pearson Correlation test. We performed linear regression test to determine the contribution of expressed emotion towards patient’s relapse rate.Result : Data collection showed that 61.3% schizophrenic patient’s families had high expressed emotion, meanwhile 74.2% schizophrenic patients were relapse. Chi-Square test showed significant correlation between patient family’s expressed emotion and schizophrenic patients relapse rate(X2=8,22; p<0,05). Pearson Correlation test also showed positive correlation between patient family’s expressed emotion and schizophrenic patients’ relapse rate (C=0,59). We found the r2=24,2%.Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between patient’s family expressed emotion with patient’s relapse rate. High expressed emotion of the family has contribution on increasing schizophrenic patients’ relapse rate.Keywords : expressed emotion, relapse, schizophrenia, drug compliance, ADL

Hubungan antara Kecemasan dengan Aktivitas dan Fungsi Seksual pada Wanita Usia Lanjut di Kabupaten Purworejo Lidia Hastuti, Muhammad Hakimi, Djaswadi Dasuki
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 24, No 4 (2008)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: the decline of physical functions in older women specially the organs regarding to their sexuality functions causes the changes on sexual responses at all phases (desire, plateau, orgasms and resolution phases). Despite physiological factors, psychological factors such as anxiety can result in disorders in their sexual activity and function. Until recently, studies on sexual activity and function in old women are still rare so that a good study on the issue is needed.Objective: this study was undertaken to know the association between anxiety and sexual activity and function among older women.Method: it was an observational study with cross-sectional design. The subjects selected by cluster random sampling were 6,698 women over 50 years of age obtained from the data of longitudinal surveillance from CHN-RL, Faculty of Medicine, GMU in Purworejo District. The study instrument used was SAGE developed by WHO and the data analysis used was Stata program version 8. The hypothesis test was done by using multinominal logistic regression test.Results: from the respondents observed, the women that still did sexual activity were 38.52% with the sexual dysfunction prevalence of 45.20% and the anxiety prevalence of 34.92%. Anxiety increased the risk of sexual dysfunction 1.5 times (OR=1.5 95%CI 1.4 – 1.9). Anxiety also increased the dissatisfaction in older women’s sexual life 1.1 times (OR=1.5 95%CI 1 – 1.3). Anxiety old women experienced declining of sexual frequency with OR of 1.2 for the activity frequency ‘occasionally’ and 0.7 for the activity frequency ‘often’.Conclusion: anxiety in older women increased the risk of sexual dysfunction, dissatisfaction in sexual life and decreased the frequency of sexual activity. Other factor such as age, educational level, marital status, parity, heart disease and diabetes mellitus were other risk factors in old women’s sexual dysfunction.Keywords: anxiety, activity and sexual function, older woman

Review Penggunaan Obat Rawat Jalan Peserta Askes Sosial di RSMH Palembang selama Tahun 2007 Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Bidang Kesehatan di Era Otonomi Daerah Sarmalina S., Sonlimar M.
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 24, No 4 (2008)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Since 1987 PT Askes has been implementing the drug usage guideline which is called DPHO (Daftar dan Plafon Harga Obat).In order to encourage drug services efficiently and related to medical needs. In addition PT Askes has got benefits in medicine expenses that can lower it up to 40%. Although it has better guidence as long as implementations without being control continuously the aim of it can be far from hope. Through this study we want to examine how extent the drug usage in social health insurance.Method: In this paper we used cross-sectional study, using entry data base prescriptions from the entire social health insurance participant related in to the first care outpatient and advanced care outpatient. All of the patients originally based on polyclinics hospital services in RSMH during 2007. All of prescriptions we used as data resources. All these data were observed and analyzed performed in descriptive and tabulation.Results: The result of this study shows that we got 140.256 pieces of per encounter during 2007 with total cost Rp10.657.075.126,00. The average cost per encounter is Rp75.983,00 range from Rp231,00 to Rp5.151.227,00. The average number of drug per encounter is 4,4 and the percentage drug used of antibiotics is 10,81%.Conclusion: This study comes to conclusion that the prescriptions costs in social health insurance outpatient was high enough. It is cost by certain prescriptions, polifarmacy, and diverse drugs usage in overuse prescribing category such as vitamin neurotropic and drug used in AH2 receptor blocker like as ranitidin that has been prescribed for alleviating gastrointestinal effect.Keywords: drug utilities, social health insurance, health care, outpatient

Hubungan Tipe Kepribadian dengan Sikap Remaja Pria Tentang Merokok di SMK 2 Yogyakarta Nur Indah Febriliana, Purwanta, Dwi Harjanta
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 24, No 4 (2008)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: The age for the initiation of smoking tends to be younger every year. The result of a study shows that the initiation of smoking tends to be less than 20 years of age. Whereas according to another study in four of Senior high schools of Yogyakarta randomly chosen, the proportion of male smokers (trial and active smokers) is equal, i.e. 28.3%. There are factors which cause teenagers to smoke, one of which is personality factor. This study observes the relationship between types of personality (extrovert, introvert and ambivert) and attitude about smoking among male teenagers.Objective: To identify the relationship between types of personality and attitude of male teenagers about smoking at SMK 2 of Yogyakarta.Method: This was a survey with cross sectional design. There were as many as 59 respondents consisted of 30 respondents of grade I and 29 respondents of grade II chosen using proportionate stratified random sampling technique. Instruments of the study were questionnaires and data analysis used chi square at deviation=2.Result: There were 31 students of ambivert personality (52.5 %). The majority of respondents had positive attitude about smoking, i.e. 33 respondents (55.9%). Students of introvert personality tended to have positive attitude as many as 14.625 times higher than those of extrovert personality. The result of data analysis showed that X2=9.323 and p=0.009with N=59, deviation=2. When p<0.05 CI95%, HO was denied. Therefore since p=0.009 and p<0.05, HO was denied. Accordingly it could be concluded that there was relationship between types of personality and attitude of male teenagers about smoking.Conclusion: There was relationship between types of personality and attitude of male teenagers about smoking at SMK 2 of Yogyakarta.Keywords: extrovert, introvert, ambivert, attitude, smoking, teenagers

Penerapan Pedoman Umum Gizi Seimbang dalam Pemeliharaan Kesehatan Jantung pada Ibu Peserta dan Bukan Peserta Klub Jantung Sehat di Kalurahan Pleret Bantul Yogyakarta Rizqie Auliana, Hainur Fardatin
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 24, No 4 (2008)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: This study aims to see 1) knowledge concerning nutrition 2) knowledge concerning heart sickness and applying 13 message of base in everyday life mothers’ participant of active healthy heart club which have done effort operation of heart sickness risk.Method: Research type is survey with location research of Kalurahan Pleret District of Pleret Sub-Province of Bantul Yogyakarta. Population Research is homogen with housewife criterion have age 20-55 year with consideration of risk factor at woman happened age 55 year so that before age are they have prepared herself healthy life. Research Sample selected by simple sampling random counted 30 housewife people participant of active healthy heart club ( gymnastic group) and 30 housewife people is not participant of healthy heart club (not gymnastic group). Research data collected use 3 instruments that are knowledge test of nutrition, test knowledge of heart sickness and questioner applying 13 messages of PUGS. Validity and reliability instrument as data collectors with correlation product moment test and kruder-richardson technique.Result and conclusion: Result of research show 1) knowledge of nutrition between gymnastic group and not gymnastic group have difference 0,6. In gymnastic group 29 people is good and not gymnastic group 27 people is good, with mean assess gymnastic group 14,97 and not gymnastic group 14,37, meaning most researches sampel have owned knowledge of good gizi, 2) knowledge concerning heart sickness between group have difference 0,27, all sample have good knowledge of heart sickness with mean assess gymnastic group 13,75 and not gymnastic group 13,1, and 3) all sampel have good applied 13 message of base of PUGS better in everyday life, this matter for gymnastic group have as according to behavioral theory that good knowledge is basis for behavior.Keywords : PUGS, heart disease, SJS

A Study on Hypertension Among Population Living Underneath Suteti and Its Related Factors Jakarta 2009 Corrie Wawolumaya
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 24, No 4 (2008)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Hypertension is one of the degenerative diseases which killed about 7,2 mill people, about 13 % of the total death worldly. In Indonesia the disease has become more popular, It was reported that Indonesia had got a quite high prevalence of hypertension , among male 24,9%, female 23,6% , elderly 33,3 % , SUTETI 500 kV is the Extra High Electrical Energy Transmission lines transferring the energy from the Electrical Power Installation to the consumers via the connection of Power Relay station. The SUTETI electromagnetic exposure many times has been connected with diseases and mental emotional disorders used to be experienced by patients with hypertension such as head ache, dizziness, easily get angry, heavy neck as well as stroke. These health disturbances have been considered by many people as SUTETI’s negative health impact among people living underneath. Most of the times were used by public as the major reasons against the installation of SUTETI wire network.Method: The aim of study is to identify the relation between SUTETI exposure and hypertension, and its related factors among population living underneath. Another objective of study is to identify the relation between mental emotional factors and hypertension. The population was people living underneath SUTETI 0-100 ms right and left away from the towers. The number of samples collected was about 2000 people with the calculated sample size 753 and were stratified into three zones, zone 1 , 0-30 ms right and left from the tower, zone 2 , 30-70 ms and zone 3 ,70-100 ms. The independent variables were sociodemographic factors i.e., age, sex, education, income , length of stay at home, duration of stay at the location, besides smoking habit, annoyance, satisfaction, electrical field dose , magnetic field dose and zone . Blood chemistry examined were cholesterol and nutritional status besides melatonin, mental emotional and sleeping disorders.Result and conclusions: Study results reported that the highest outside the house measurements of the electric field was in zone 1 , 3,2 kV/m and magnetic field was 6,7 X 10-² mT , both were still lower than the National Standard of SUTETI in Indonesia – SNI 2003 , 5 kV/m and 0,1 mT. The prevalence of hypertension based on zone were significant , zone 1, 14,14%, zone 2 , 11,31% and zone 3, 5,66 % ( p = 0,004) The logistic regression function analysis identified two determinants, duration of stay ( p = 0,044 ) ; OR 3,85 (95 %CI :1,04 – 14, 12) ; income ( p = 0,019 , OR 15, 891 ( 95% CI: 1,578 – 169,97). People living > 30 years under the SUTETI towers (0 – 100ms ) will be risky 3,85 times to get hypertension than people living less than 30 years. Also people with less income had the risk 16 times to get hypertension compared to middle income. The results did not reveal any specific evidence of association between the electromagnetic exposure and hypertension. The logistic regression function also did not identify any association between mental emotional disorders and sleeping disorders towards hypertension.Keywords: hypertension, SUTETI, mental emotional disorders

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

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Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Ika Kusumaningtyas

Contact Email tyas.kusuma@ugm.ac.id

Phone +628988833412

Journal Mail Official bkm.fk@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address Sekretariat Bersama Jurnal, Lt. 2 Atas Kantin IKM, FK-KMK UGM Jl. Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281

Location Kab. sleman, Daerah istimewa yogyakarta INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Ika Kusumaningtyas

Contact Email
tyas.kusuma@ugm.ac.id

Phone
+628988833412

Journal Mail Official
bkm.fk@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address
Sekretariat Bersama Jurnal, Lt. 2 Atas Kantin IKM, FK-KMK UGM Jl. Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281

Location
Kab. sleman,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA