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INDONESIA
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 02151936     EISSN : 26148412     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2320
Core Subject : Health,
Nursing Public Health
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM Public Health and Community Medicine) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that deals with the fields of public health and public medicine. The topics of the article will be grouped according to the main message of the author. This focus covers areas and scope related to aspects of: - Epidemiology - Infectious diseases control - Clinical Epidemiology - Environmental Health - Occupational Health - Healthy City - Public Health and Primary Health Care - School of Health Promotion - Healthy lifestyles - Health promotion - Health and Social Behavior - Tobacco and smoking - Adolescent Health - Public Health Nutrition - Maternal and Child Health - Reproductive Health - Population Health - Health of Vulnerable People - Social Determinants of Health - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - Human Resource Management
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 5 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 37 No 10 (2021)" : 5 Documents clear
Women smokers in Yogyakarta: a phenomenological study Desliana Sande; Retna Siwi Padmawati; Yayi Suryo Prabandari
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 37 No 10 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Purpose: Indonesia became the country with the highest number of smokers in ASEAN, namely 65.19 million people, with 62.9% male smokers and 4.8% women in 2018. The Special Region of Yogyakarta had 29.8% smokers in 2018. This study aims to find out the smoking behavior of women in Yogyakarta. Method: This research was conducted qualitatively with a phenomenological approach. Data was collected through interviews with 14 people consisting of 9 female smokers and five parents using an interview guide and observation with three female smokers using an observation guide—the trustworthiness validity of the data using field notes, member checking, and triangulation of data sources. Results: Smoking behavior in women is caused by the influence of family members who smoke, imitate smoking friends, experience heartbreak, and feel calm. Despite knowing the dangers of smoking to women's health and experiencing pain due to smoking, women who smoke choose to continue smoking. The habit of hanging out in cafes and nightclubs and drinking alcohol makes women smoke more than usual. Conclusion: The social environment has a vital role in shaping smoking behavior in women. Therefore it is necessary to create a family strengthening program to prevent smoking behavior in children and a mentoring program for women smokers who intend to quit smoking, and increase information about the impact of smoking on women's health.
Mother's self efficacy and perceived barriers in maintaining dental health of pre-school children Chairunisa, Fania
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 37 No 10 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between mothers’ self-efficacy and perceived barriers to mothers in maintaining the dental health of children with caries status in pre-school children. Method: This study is an observational study with a cross-sectional research design, conducted in the city of Yogyakarta from May to June 2021. The sample in this study amounted to 119 pairs of mothers and children aged 2-6 years. The sampling technique used was multistage cluster random sampling by randomizing the districts and early childhood education organizations (PAUD). Because it is still during the Covid-19 pandemic, data collection is carried out remotely using online questionnaires and the teledentistry method. Data analysis used the Spearman correlation test to determine the relationship between self-efficacy also perceived barriers to dental caries status. Multivariate analysis using multiple linear regression was carried out to analyze the influence of self-efficacy and perceived barriers with caries status in pre-school children. Results: Self efficacy has no effect on dental caries status (r = - 0.107; p = 0.248), as well as perceived barriers (r = 0.108; p = 0.240). Mother's self efficacy and perceived barriers simultaneously did not affect the child's dental caries status (R square = 0.021; p = 0.284). Conclusion: The results showed that there was no significant relationship and influence between self-efficacy and perceived barriers with dental caries status separately or simultaneously. Further research is needed using larger sample size and more variables to obtain comprehensive results.
HIV case finding among tuberculosis patients at primary health centers in Garut District, West Java Luthva Luviandani Pratiwi
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 37 No 10 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Indonesia is the country with the third-highest tuberculosis case in the world according to WHO in 2018, in addition to having a high TB ​​burden, it also has a TB-HIV burden. One of the efforts made to control TB-HIV is by conducting HIV counseling and tests (HCT) among TB patients. There has been an increase in the number of TB cases and HIV positive TB cases reported in Garut District, but TB cases documented by HIV testing in 2019 are still very small, namely, 666 (18.92%) cases, allowing for other TB patients whose HIV status is unknown. Purpose: To find out the implementation and barriers of HIV counseling and tests from provider and TB patient's perspectives at Primary Health Centers in Garut District. Method: This type of qualitative research uses a descriptive case study approach with multiple holistic designs. The study was conducted at the Department of Health and 6 primary health centers (with high, moderate, and low HIV test coverage) in Garut District. The research instrument used interview guidelines and sheets checklist. The data collection was carried out by in-depth interviews with 18 informants, and documentation. Data Analysis are using thematic analysis. Results: There are health workers that have not carried out HIV tests in accordance with the guidelines. Barriers to HIV testing from the health workers perspective such as communication difficulties, lack of training, reluctance to offer tests, the burden to offer tests, offer HIV testing to pediatric patients, workload, lack of supervision, lack of motivation, lack of coordination, and the patient is fear and does not feel HIV. Meanwhile, from the patient's perspective, the barriers found were not feeling at risk of HIV, the perception that it was not important to do the test, the fear of knowing the test results, poor knowledge, and the presence of stigma. Conclusion: There is one puskesmas with low coverage that does not routinely offer HIV testing because it is only seen based on the presence or absence of HIV risk. Officers who routinely carry out HIV tests but are inadequate due to a lack of coordination and communication between officers at the primary health centers. There is no TB-HIV training, and a lack of supervision for TB-HIV monitoring and evaluation, so that it requires more support and attention from TB/HIV program officers from the Garut District Health Office to improve the implementation of HCT.
Solid waste management evaluation in Lantowua final processing place’s work area, Bombana Regency, 2021 rahma, sitti
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 37 No 10 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Solid waste is still a problem for health and the environment. The increase of solid waste is in line with the growth in the population, and the community needs to encourage the application of 3R principles. The government has arranged this systematically, thus making the involvement of various stakeholders and communities crucial to implementing these principles. Purpose: This research aimed to evaluate the solid waste management implementation in Lantowua Final Processing Place’s work area, Bombana Regency. Methods: This was a qualitative case study approach in Lantowua Final Processing Place’s work area, including 16 informants. Data collection were through interviews, observation, and document studies. Data analysis used thematic analysis. Results and Discussion: The human resources, funds, and facilities input indicators were insufficient for program needs. The process indicators had no reduce-reuse-recycle principle, no solid waste sorting, and low socialization in the community. The output target indicators for solid waste handling targets had not yet applied the 3R principles at the household and shopping centers level. Environmental services had not involved cross-sector in solid waste management. Lack of contribution to the development of TPS3R and Solid Waste Banks, monitoring and testing of landfill leachate never been done. Conclusion: Solid waste management had been carried out but had not implemented the 3R principles at the household and community level. There was low cross-sectoral cooperation in solid waste handling and no effort to handle leachate at the landfill.
Work posture analysis using ovako working postural analysis system (OWAS) on workers at PT INKA (Persero) Suseno, Wahyu
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 37 No 10 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: One of the occupational diseases caused by non-ergonomic work processes is musculoskeletal complaints. It is a disease that occurs in body structures, such as muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments, nerves, bones, and the local circulatory system by occupational factors. PT INKA (Persero) is an industry engaged in inland transportation, especially railways with high potential and danger factors. Even though PT INKA (Persero) Madiun has lifting and transportation equipment, such as strollers, forklifts, cranes, and mines, there are still some manual handling jobs. Effective working days in one week are five working days. Data from the INKA Clinic (Polinka) in 2019 showed 3-4 workshop workers suffering from low back pain every month. The author realized the necessity to study ergonomics and MSDs complaints at PT INKA (Persero) Madiun. Research objectives: This study aimed to determine workshop workers' work posture at PT INKA (Persero) Madiun. Research Methods: This was a quantitative study using a cross-sectional approach that aimed to determine the dynamics of work posture effect on MSDs complaints at one time. Work posture assessment using the Ovako Working Posture Analysis System (OWAS) method, along with other variables such as age, smoking, working period, and duration of work to measure complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) in 36 workshop workers of the Bogie PMK unit. The research data were analyzed and interpreted using Statistical Stata 13. Bivariate data analysis used Kendall's tautest. Results and Discussion: The workshop workers' Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) complaints in the PMK Bogie Unit resulted from work posture and working period. When the exposure intensity level was high beyond the tolerance of the worker's body ability, it could result in fatigue felt by tired workers. Based on the assessment using the Ovako Working Postural Analysis System (OWAS) method, it is necessary to improve, especially on Macro Reforming, A Drilling, Grinding, and Welding work. This work posture was a risk of ergonomic hazards. The working conditions and work equipment used by workers were not per the worker's body posture, resulting in excessive muscle stretching, which led to complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). Conclusion: There was a risk of ergonomics hazard due to a mismatch between the equipment used by workers and working conditions with the worker's body size.

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