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Engineering Science Letter
Published by Indonesian Institute of Science and Technology Research
ISSN : 29618924     EISSN : 2961872X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.56741/esl.v1i02
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Engineering Science Letter is an international peer-reviewed letter that welcomes short original research submissions on any branch of engineering, computer science, and technology, as well as their applications in industry, education, health, business, and other fields. Artificial intelligence, image processing, data mining, data science, bioinformatics, computational statistics, electrical engineering, electronics engineering, telecommunications, hardware systems, industrial automation, industrial engineering, fluids and physics engineering, mechanical engineering, chemical engineering, and their applications are among the engineering and computer science topics covered by the journal. All papers submitted will go through a peer-review process to ensure their quality. Submissions must contain original research and contributions to their field. The manuscript must adhere to the author’s guidelines and have never been published before.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)
Articles 103 Documents
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Optimization of Aluminium A356 Casting Parameters Through Simulation of Flow Filling Joni Arif; Alfian Ady Saputra; Syaiful Arif; Adin; Widarto; Ardian Maulana
Engineering Science Letter Vol. 5 No. 03 (2026): Engineering Science Letter - Articles in Press
Publisher : The Indonesian Institute of Science and Technology Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56741/IISTR.esl.002403

Abstract

Aluminium A356 alloy is extensively used in automotive and aerospace industries due to its superior castability, high strength-to-weight ratio, and excellent corrosion resistance. However, casting defects such as porosity, air entrapment, and incomplete mold filling remain persistent challenges that significantly compromise product quality and mechanical performance. This study presents a systematic optimization of Aluminium A356 casting parameters through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)-based simulation of flow filling behavior, employing the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method combined with the k-ε turbulence model. Key process parameters investigated include pouring temperature (680–740°C), filling velocity (0.3-0.6 m/s), and gating system geometry. Simulation results indicate that an optimized combination of 720°C pouring temperature, 0.35 m/s filling velocity, and streamlined gating design reduces turbulence intensity by 42.3% and air entrapment volume fraction by 35.1% compared to baseline conditions. A parametric sensitivity analysis reveals that filling velocity exerts the dominant influence on defect formation, followed by gating geometry and pouring temperature. The findings are validated through cross-referencing with existing experimental data from the literature, demonstrating strong agreement. This research bridges a critical gap in integrating real-time defect prediction with gating system topology optimization for A356 gravity sand casting an area insufficiently addressed in prior simulation-based studies.
State-Based Control of Primary–Standby Battery Switching in Standalone Photovoltaic Systems Reza Satria Rinaldi; Afriyastuti Herawati; Ika Novia Anggraini; Melian Tri Yulianto
Engineering Science Letter Vol. 5 No. 03 (2026): Engineering Science Letter - Articles in Press
Publisher : The Indonesian Institute of Science and Technology Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56741/IISTR.esl.002471

Abstract

Off-grid photovoltaic (PV) systems are a viable solution for electrifying remote areas. However, the intermittent nature of solar energy necessitates the use of properly managed batteries to ensure a continuous power supply and preserve battery lifespan. While various battery control systems have been developed, most rely on relatively complex digital controls, making them less suitable for small-scale household applications. This study aims to develop an automatic switching system for charging and discharging between primary and standby batteries in a 12 V DC standalone PV (SAPV) system, utilizing state-based control logic. The proposed system employs two Valve-Regulated Lead-Acid (VRLA) batteries, two Low-Voltage Disconnects (LVDs), and three electromechanical relays (EMRs) to control charging and discharging operations based on battery voltage, which represents the State of Charge (SoC) and Depth of Discharge (DoD). The control system features four operating states and eight state transitions, prioritizing full charge-discharge cycles for the primary battery while utilizing the standby battery to maintain power supply continuity during the primary battery's charge. Test results demonstrate that the system successfully automates operational switching in accordance with the designed control strategy, thereby preserving the primary battery's full cycling and ensuring continuous power supply. The system is simple, cost-effective, and easy to implement using LVDs and EMRs. Observed transition voltages do not always align exactly with the set threshold values because of the dynamic characteristics of VRLA batteries.
Transforming Conventional Seawalls into Marine Habitats: Eco-Engineered Coastal Structures for Philippine Urban Waterfronts Zuraida Julhiji Bara; Al-Rashiff Hamjilani Mastul; Muhammad Hasnain Khan; Nazia Ehsan
Engineering Science Letter Vol. 5 No. 01 (2026): Engineering Science Letter
Publisher : The Indonesian Institute of Science and Technology Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56741/IISTR.esl.002593

Abstract

Philippine cities require dependable coastal protection, yet conventional smooth seawalls simplify intertidal habitat and can intensify ecological losses associated with marine urbanization. This integrative literature review examines how eco-engineering can retrofit or redesign vertical coastal structures to retain their safety function while providing habitat. Thirty-one peer-reviewed and institutional sources were synthesized across four themes: ecological effects of shoreline armoring, performance of habitat-complexity interventions, structural and maintenance requirements, and transferability to Philippine urban waterfronts. Evidence consistently favors small-scale additions of pits, crevices, ledges, textured panels, shaded cavities, and water-retaining pools; responses nevertheless vary with tidal elevation, wave exposure, material, pollution, propagule supply, and maintenance. A context-sensitive design is proposed in which the reinforced-concrete wall remains the primary load-bearing system and replaceable habitat panels are zoned vertically, fixed through inspectable corrosion-resistant connections, combined with lower-intertidal water-retaining units, and separated from structurally independent toe protection. Manila Bay is used as the principal application context because flood exposure, subsidence, dense infrastructure, degraded water quality, and large planned coastal investments make ecological co-benefits both valuable and difficult. The review concludes that eco-engineered seawalls are not substitutes for mangroves, tidal flats, setback, or pollution control. They are a pragmatic harm-reduction and habitat-support strategy where hard protection is justified and space is constrained. Philippine pilots should use reference sites, before–after-control–impact monitoring, native-species safeguards, life-cycle maintenance plans, and explicit structural acceptance criteria.

Page 11 of 11 | Total Record : 103

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