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<![CDATA[ANALYSIS OF SILDENAFIL AND ITS DERIVATIVES IN JAMU (HERBAL MEDICINES) USING LC/MS/MS SPECTROSCOPY ]]>
<![CDATA[Rina Kurniaty]]>;
<![CDATA[Khairan Khairan]]>;
<![CDATA[Lelifajri Lelifajri]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Natural Volume 18, Number 3, October 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Syiah Kuala ]]>
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DOI: 10.24815/jn.v18i3.11153
<![CDATA[Jamu (herbal medicine) is a traditional Indonesian medicine used to nourish, treat, and restore of health, as well as for beauty and fitness. A healthy Jamu is safe when consumed and free from chemicals (in Indonesia it’s called BKO). BKO is a medicinal chemical compound which is intentionally added in jamu (herbal medicine), which aims to increase the accelerate effects of Jamu or herbal medicine from the usual. The aims of this study are to extract, isolate, identify and elucidate the structure of the BKO of sildenafil and it’s derivatives in two herbal preparations circulating in the city of Banda Aceh. Extraction, isolation and identification of sildenafil BKO and its derivatives in jamu were done by using column chromatography (CC) and thin layer chromatography (TLC) meanwhile, the structure elucidation of sildenafil and it’s derivatives were done by Fourier-Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) and liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy (LC/MS/MS). The results of extraction, isolation and identification with a solvent ethyl acetate: methanol: ammonium hydroxide (25%) (100: 15: 1.5 v/v showed that two jamu circulating in Banda Aceh positively contained BKO sildenafil derivatives, namely thiosildenafil. The FT-IR analysis showed a strong absorption of thiocarbonyl (C=S) group at 1288-1242 cm-1, which is a typical uptake of the thiosildenafil compound. The Spectroscopy LC/MS/MS analysis using electron spray ionization (ESI-MS/MS) showed that the isolate have a similar spectra with thiosildenafil compound [TSLD+H]+ at 491 m/z and [TSLD+Na]+ at 513 m/z and other derivate of thiosildenafil, namely propoxyphenylhydroxylethylthiosildenafil [PHTSLD+H]+ at 533 m/z.]]>
<![CDATA[PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND LARVICIDAL ACTIVITY OF EDIBLE FERN (Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw.) EXTRACT AGAINST Culex ]]>
<![CDATA[Halimatussakdiah Halimatussakdiah]]>;
<![CDATA[Ulil Amna]]>;
<![CDATA[Puji Wahyuningsih]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Natural Volume 18, Number 3, October 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Syiah Kuala ]]>
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DOI: 10.24815/jn.v18i3.11335
<![CDATA[Mosquito is one of insects spreading the vector of serious diseases to human being through its bite such as Culex which spreads the vector of filariasis and brain inflammatory diseases. Some people have used plants as insecticides traditionally, such as fern (Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw.). D. esculentum (Retz.) Sw. popularly known as edible fern which almost all Asian people, especially Indonesian consumed it as vegetable, and some people also used it for medicinal purposes. This study was performed to investigate the secondary metabolites from D. esculentum leaves and its larvicidal activity against Culex. The phytochemical screening was undertaken on the leaves and methanol extract of D. esculentum, the results showed the presence of alkaloids, steroids, phenols, and tannins on leaves, while methanol extract exhibited existence of steroids, saponins, phenols and tannins. Investigation of larvicidal activity of methanol extract was carried out against Culex larvaes for various concentrations which observed for 48 hours. Percentage of mortality was analyzed statistically using Bill Test method that showed active larvicidal activity with a LC50 value of 149.279 ppm. This study indicates that fern plant have the potential as larvicidal against Culex and need to perform the further research to develop the new natural insecticides.]]>
<![CDATA[BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS OF SPONGE FOR AQUACULTURE AND POTENTIAL METHODS FOR SPONGE CULTIVATION ]]>
<![CDATA[Ruzkiah Asaf]]>;
<![CDATA[Andi Nur Samsi]]>;
<![CDATA[Admi Athirah]]>;
<![CDATA[Mudian Paena]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Natural Volume 18, Number 3, October 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Syiah Kuala ]]>
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DOI: 10.24815/jn.v18i3.8799
<![CDATA[Aquaculture is an important sector for Indonesian economic, however, the spreads of diseases during farming remains a problem in developing Indonesian aquaculture. The sponge is known as the source of potential bioactive to combat pathogenic diseases in aquaculture. However, the intensifying exploitation of wild sponge tends to the depreses population of sponges in nature. This article reviews bioactive originating from sponges and potential methods in developing sponges cultivations under in-situ and ex-situ methodologies.]]>
<![CDATA[ANALYSIS OF SHALLOW SUBSURFACE AT HYDROCARBON POTENTIAL AREAS IN NORTH ACEH BASED ON ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY MODEL ]]>
<![CDATA[Nurul Aflah]]>;
<![CDATA[Muchlis Muchlis]]>;
<![CDATA[Syafrizal Idris]]>;
<![CDATA[Witan O Ardjakusumah]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Natural Volume 18, Number 3, October 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Syiah Kuala ]]>
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DOI: 10.24815/jn.v18i3.12170
<![CDATA[Hydrocarbon prospect area research has been done in North Aceh at two locations. The research aims to analyze subsurface litology using resistivity method. Data acquisition of each location was presented by 330 m line survey. The acquisition process was generated by Super Sting R8/IP and modelled by EarthImager 2D. Oil and gas (NA1) resistivity section showed anomaly at 170 m (x) and 17 m (z) that was identified as minor fault. However, oil seepage was not founded on the location. Fossil locality (NA2) section showed a contrast vertical anomaly (16-90 Ωm) around 90 – 120 m that was identified as a way for the seepage.]]>
<![CDATA[A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON AQUIFER IDENTIFICATION BASED ON GEO-ELECTRICAL DATA IN BANDA ACEH, INDONESIA ]]>
<![CDATA[Didik Sugiyanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Ibnu Rusydy]]>;
<![CDATA[Marwan Marwan]]>;
<![CDATA[Dian Mutia Hidayati]]>;
<![CDATA[Asrillah Asrillah]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Natural Volume 18, Number 3, October 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Syiah Kuala ]]>
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DOI: 10.24815/jn.v18i3.11204
<![CDATA[The aquifers exploration has been conducted at the western part of Banda Aceh, Indonesia. This research aims to explore the aquifer layer beneath the surface and to obtain the cross-section model of the aquifer. The Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) method was applied to investigate the aquifer layer. The VES method worked as the current penetrated into the ground using of two electrodes and the potential response due to its current being measured by another two electrodes. Ten grid points of VES has performed in western part of Krueng Aceh of Banda Aceh using the ARES (Automatic Resistivity Meter). The Res1Dinv and curve matching computer software used in VES data processing and analysis. The result shows the resistivity value of aquifer in Banda Aceh city at the range of 1 – 12 Ωm for freshwater, and 0.1 – 0.6 for brackish water layer. The first aquifer (water table) found at a depth of 0.5 to 2 meters beneath the surface. The 2-meters water table mostly located near the coastal zone or downstream zone of Krueng Aceh basin and shallow depth of 0.5 meters on the upstream. More than one aquifer layers were found beneath the surface, they were separated by aquitard layer consisting of silt to clay layers.]]>
<![CDATA[WINSTON-BATAN: A SEISMOLOGICAL GROUND-MOTION ANALYSIS CODE ]]>
<![CDATA[Yuliastuti Yuliastuti]]>;
<![CDATA[Euis Etty A]]>;
<![CDATA[Topan Setiadipura]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Natural Volume 18, Number 3, October 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Syiah Kuala ]]>
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DOI: 10.24815/jn.v18i3.12201
<![CDATA[A thorough understanding of an earthquake is very important to provide a descriptive knowledge and in the same time as a prescriptive knowledge for the future development. In particular, it is essential for site selection and structural design development of nuclear reactor and other critical facilities. Ground motion acceleration time history is an important raw information to understand the earthquake and specific geological condition of where the data is recorded. This paper presented the development of strong-motion analysis code, called Winston-BATAN, which able to interpret ground motion time history. The analysis scope of the code including the ground motion parameters such as peak ground acceleration, several additional seismic intensity parameters, strong motion duration, its frequency content via Fast Fourier Transformation and response spectra analysis. Being developed based on an open source Python programming language, Winston-BATAN is flexible for exploratory study to exploit the ground motion time history and easily improve to accommodate additional features. This code able to read input from PEER NGA type file or a simple time and acceleration data type of ground motion. Analysis results of Winston-BATAN shows a very good agreement compare to the results from the standard tools Seismosignal® 2018 Software, in addition flexibility of this code, in particular, to explore the response spectra from the ground motion time history is demonstrated.]]>
<![CDATA[DISTRIBUTION MAPPING OF GLYPHOSATE-RESISTANT Eleusine indica IN SERDANG BEDAGAI REGENCY ]]>
<![CDATA[Koko Tampubolon]]>;
<![CDATA[Edison Purba]]>;
<![CDATA[Mohammad Basyuni]]>;
<![CDATA[Diana Sofia Hanafiah]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Natural Volume 18, Number 3, October 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Syiah Kuala ]]>
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DOI: 10.24815/jn.v18i3.11201
<![CDATA[The presence of Eleusine indica from oil palm plantations in Serdang Bedagai Regency has never been overall reported glyphosate-resistant. This study aims to distribution mapping and resistance classification of E. indica population to glyphosate herbicide of oil palm plantations in Serdang Bedagai Regency. This research was conducted on Weed Research Center Land in Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara in October 2016 to August 2017. This research used glyphosate herbicide with the recommended dose at 720 g ai ha-1 and three replications. Population ESU0 (from Politeknik Negeri Medan Ball Field) as a comparison. Data analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics 20 software. The results showed there E. indica population classified as glyphosate-resistant amount 89.36% (42 population), classified as glyphosate-resistant moderate amount 10,64% (5 population) and there is no population glyphosate-susceptible on oil palm plantations in Serdang Bedagai Regency of recommended dose at 720 g ai ha-1.]]>
<![CDATA[PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF 16S rRNA GENE FRAGMENT OF ANTIBIOTIC-PRODUCING PLS 76 ISOLATE ]]>
<![CDATA[Mulia Aria Suzanni]]>;
<![CDATA[Amelya Yolanda]]>;
<![CDATA[Nurdin Saidi]]>;
<![CDATA[Febriani Febriani]]>;
<![CDATA[Teuku Mohamad Iqbalsyah]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Natural Volume 18, Number 3, October 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Syiah Kuala ]]>
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DOI: 10.24815/jn.v18i3.11152
<![CDATA[Exploitation of extremophiles as novel bioactive compounds sources has been increasing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity and the class of antibiotic produced by a thermo-halophilic isolate PLS 76, as well as to identify the genotype of the isolate. The activity was determined by a disc diffusion method, while the antibiotic class was determined qualitatively by chemical reactions using ninhydrin, iodine vapour and potassium iodine. The genotype was determined by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene fragment and the phylogenetic tree from the sequence data. The results showed that PLS 76 was a Gram-negative bacterium and able to produce polypeptide antibiotic, which showed a slight activity on E. coli and S. aureus. Sequence alignment of the 16S rRNA gene fragment showed that PLS 76 was most related to Geobacillus kaustophilus. These results may be used to utilise the isolated for further antibiotic study.]]>
<![CDATA[IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS OF WEED VEGETATION AS Ganoderma PRESENCE MARKER ON OIL PALM PLANTATION ]]>
<![CDATA[Wismaroh Sanniwati Saragih]]>;
<![CDATA[Edison Purba]]>;
<![CDATA[Koko Tampubolon]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Natural Volume 18, Number 3, October 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Syiah Kuala ]]>
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DOI: 10.24815/jn.v18i3.11595
<![CDATA[Weeds on oil palm plantations can also be the host of Basal Stem Rot caused by Ganoderma. This study aims to identify and analyze of weed vegetation using visual estimation and squares method as Ganoderma presence marker on oil palm plantations. This research was conducted in block 17, 16, and 6 of VII afdeling, Rambutan Estate in Serdang Bedagai Regency on December 2017 to March 2018. This research used survey method with visual estimation and squares. The data used is absolute density, relative density, absolute frequency, relative frequency, important value indeks, Summed Dominance Ratio (SDR) and dry weight. Data analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics 20 software. The results showed that different weed species between oil palm was infected and uninfected by Ganoderma with visual estimation method is Cyclosorus aridus (14.78%) where as with squares method are Cyperus rotundus (10.60%), and Stenochlaena palustris (7.76%) with temperature range 28.67 to 30.80oC and moisture amount 60.67 to 77.33%.]]>
<![CDATA[DISTRIBUTION MAPPING OF GLYPHOSATE-RESISTANT Eleusine indica IN SERDANG BEDAGAI REGENCY ]]>
<![CDATA[Koko Tampubolon]]>;
<![CDATA[Edison Purba]]>;
<![CDATA[Mohammad Basyuni]]>;
<![CDATA[Diana Sofia Hanafiah]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Natural Volume 18, Number 3, October 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Syiah Kuala ]]>
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DOI: 10.24815/jn.v18i3.11201
<![CDATA[The presence of Eleusine indica from oil palm plantations in Serdang Bedagai Regency has never been overall reported glyphosate-resistant. This study aims to distribution mapping and resistance classification of E. indica population to glyphosate herbicide of oil palm plantations in Serdang Bedagai Regency. This research was conducted on Weed Research Center Land in Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara in October 2016 to August 2017. This research used glyphosate herbicide with the recommended dose at 720 g ai ha-1 and three replications. Population ESU0 (from Politeknik Negeri Medan Ball Field) as a comparison. Data analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics 20 software. The results showed there E. indica population classified as glyphosate-resistant amount 89.36% (42 population), classified as glyphosate-resistant moderate amount 10,64% (5 population) and there is no population glyphosate-susceptible on oil palm plantations in Serdang Bedagai Regency of recommended dose at 720 g ai ha-1.]]>
