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Journal of Global Pharma Technology
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 09758542     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
ournal of Global Pharma Technology is a monthly, open access, Peer review journal of Pharmacy published by JGPT Journal publishes peer-reviewed original research papers, case reports and systematic reviews. The journal allows free access to its contents, which is likely to attract more readers and citations to articles published in JGPT. JGPT publishes original research work that contributes significantly to the scientific knowledge in pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences- Pharmaceutics, Novel Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Technology, Cosmeticology, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacognosy, Natural Product Research, Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacology, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology and Applied Computer Technology. For this purpose we would like to ask you to contribute your excellent papers in pharmaceutical sciences.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Onkologi
Articles 1,093 Documents
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A Method for Tracking Eye Movements in the Study of Attention Selectivity in Social Anxiety Olga Sagalakova
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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Abstract

One of the key mechanisms of social anxiety is the distortion of the cognitive-perceptual activity. Cognitive-behavioral models of social anxiety, being the basis of anxiety disorder, determine the distortion of attention in regards to stimuli – social threats (by opposing types of disorders – vigilance or avoidance).. The eye movement tracking method enables assessing the bias of attention to stimuli – facial expressions in teenagers with a high and low level of social anxiety. The study included 30 test subjects aged 16-18. We used the eye tracker SMI RED 250 mobile tracking technology. The test subjects were divided into groups based on the results of the questionnaire of social anxiety and social phobia. We discovered signs of severer disorganization of the target activity during the perception of both presumptive positive and negative facial expressions (higher amplitude of saccadic movements as a deviation from target priorities and multitasking) and a prolonged fixation of attention on stimuli fragments with negative expression (average and maximum duration of fixations on the path of visual scanning). During the attribution of characteristics, we often found typical cognitive distortions, which are most significant in regards to the presumptive positive stimulus (the “happy face” condition was attributed negative characteristics and mistakes were made in determining the emotion).Eye movement registration would enable a more pinpoint and continuous measurement of attention. The eye-tracker method is very promising for the understanding of information processing in case of affective disorders. Eye movements are an indicator of clear attention and perception (zones of interest, fixation, duration and sustainability of fixations, saccadic movements, eye trajectory sequence, etc.).Keywords: Tracking eye movement method (“Eye Tracker”), Social anxiety disorder, Selectivity of attention, Vigilance and avoidance, Social threat, Facial expressions. 
Synthesis and Diagnosis of Nucleoside Analogues and Cytotoxic Effects against Normal Human Lymphocytes Najeeb Ibraheem Mohamed
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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Synthesis of nucleoside analogues and investigated that cytotoxic effects on the Normal Human Lymphocyte by MTT assay. Preparation of Mannich bases that derivative from thymidine fainally obtain crystals and purify by using silica gel filled with gasoline. In the current study is to evaluate the cytotoxic effects for the four compounds of nucleoside analogues at concentrations of (0.15mg/ml, 0.31mg/ml, 0.62mg/ml, 1.25mg/ml, 2.5mg/ml, 5mg/ml, 10mg/ml, and 20mg/ml) alongside against the freshly isolated and cultured normal human lymphocyte in vitro. The result refer to that cytotoxic effects of each type of nucleoside analogues used in the study and the growth inhibition rate (%) was associated to the concentration of nucleoside analogues, so that a 20mg/ml concentration of gave the highest growth inhibition rate, followed by the 10mg/ml, 5mg/ml and 2.5mg/ml, 1.25mg/ml concentrations, therefore the cytotoxic effects was concentration dependent. There was a significant difference between the concentrations when compared between the four kinds of nucleoside analogues, also statistical analysis related between the effects of different kind of nucleoside analogues showed great difference and there was a significant relationship between the inhibition rate and the concentrations of the materials tested (P ˂ 0.05). The results visibly showed that nucleoside analogues have strong cytotoxic and cytostatic effects on studied the lymphocyte and the cytotoxic effects may be attributed to the role of these compounds in the DNA and RNA synthesis or play a role in the apoptosis. On the basis of these results we can conclude nucleoside analogues have potent cytotoxic effects against human lymphocytes in vito  and the pathways for how the cells dies need further studies in the future studies in more details and more advanced tests and techniques.Keywords: Nucleoside analogues; Cytotoxicity; Normal human lymphocyte.
Effect of Cutting Frequency and Potassium Levels on Seed Yield and its Components for Berseem (Trifolium alexandrium L.) Mahmood Abbas Abd Salama
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 05.
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Abstract

A study was conducted at one locations in the AL-Jazeera region at north of Ramadi city for winter season (2017) to investigate the affect number of cutting and  different levels of potassium on seed yield and  its components in berseem. Four cutting treatments (once ,twice, three and four times ) with potassium levels included  (0,80,160 and 240 kg/he.-1).Were applied in a split plot design with three replication in which potassium levels were the main plots and cutting treatments were sub-plots . The results showed that significant effect on seed yield and its components, added potassium at levels (160) kg/ha produced significant higher means for all components higher seed yield (38.96 no. of seeds/flower, 2.90g. and 2.06 ton/ha.-1) was obtained from treatments received (160)kg/ha.-1 of potassium . Number of cutting stage had significant effect on seed yield and all components in winter season plants cut once gave higher seed yield (1.74 ton/ha.-1 )the 1st cut showed be don in 1st week of march  . It was concluded that addition of potassium at a rate of (160) kg/ha.-1 and cut the crop four times when the 1st cut showed be done in 1st week of March gave higher seed yield of berseem.Keywords: Berseem, Cutting treatments, Potassium levels, Head length, Grain yield. 
Testosterone Replacement Protects Against Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Castrated Male Mice Liqaa Oday Ali
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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Abstract

The present work aimed to study histopathological, histochemical and biochemical changes in the liver of castrated male mice and effect of possible treatment with testosterone. For this purpose Forty five (45) male albino mice (3weeks) aged were divided into 3 groups (n = 15).The Group I was used as a control, Group II was castrated group, Group III was castrated treated with testosterone group .For 6 weeks from period February to June 2017, lipid profile was measured. There are significant p increased in (cholesterol, triglycerides, and low density lipoprotein LDL) levels, but there is no change in the level of HDL   in the castrated group as compared with the control group. In addition, histopathological changes of the liver were examined. Castration enhanced lipid accumulation liver (macrovesicular steatosis), ballooning degeneration in hepatocytes all these changes associated with inflammatory cellular infiltration. Histochemically accumulation of lipid in hepatocytes were strongly positive to Sudan Black B reaction in liver of castrated mice as compared with the control group and these structural changes were less pronounced in animals treated with testosterone. From the present results, it can be concluded that testosterone replacement ameliorates role in non alcoholic fatty liver disease. Keywords: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Testosterone, mice, steatohepatitis, hepativ lipid accumulation.
Effectiveness of Drying, Roasting and Preservation on Antioxidant of Dried Roasted Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus) Seed Nguyen Phuoc Minh
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 01.
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Abstract

Antioxidants are considered important nutraceuticals on account of many health benefits. Due to the high antioxidant activity, Helianthus annuus seeds might be considered in the management and prevention of degenerative diseases associated with free radical damage. It is the rich source of vitamins specially vitamin E.  Drying and roasting are the most important processes giving neccessary alterations to the product.  Roasting can enhance flavour through caramelization on the surface of the food. There was no any research mentioned to varify the change of antioxidant (tocopherol) during heat pump drying as well as storage. So the objective of the present study was to identify the effect of temperature in heat pump drying, roasting condition, packaging and storage to antioxidant (tocopherol) in the dried Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed. Results demonstrated that drying temperature (40 oC), roasting (145 oC in 5 min), vaccum packing in polyethylen (PA) bag and keeping in 4 oC were recommended to maintain the tocopherol, total phenolic and antioxidant activity in the final products for 12 months. The effect of drying, roasting temperature and time were clearly demonstrated to produced dried roasted sunflower seed.Keywords: Sunflower, Drying, Roasting, Antioxidant, Tocopherol, Vaccum.
A Nobel Chemiluminescence and Fluorescence Energy Transfer Three Inlets Cell for the Determination of Hydrogen Peroxide via Continuous Flow Injection Analysis Nagam Shakir Turkie Al-Awadi
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 05.
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Abstract

The study presents a sensitive, fast and easy assay method that was developed for determination of hydrogen peroxide  via continuous mode of FIA i.e. new noble chemiluminescence and fluorescence cell with specially designed unit cell of three inlets and  one outlet  to measure a total luminescence which include the chemiluminescence generated and the fluorescence that was created by the in situ radiation of the released chemiluminescence light using fluorescence molecule which gives an emission spectrum at 530 nm The method is based on the use of fluorescent molecule as an acceptor fluorophore where by it is irradiated internally and instantly when the generation of luminol chemiluminescence light is used as internal source for irradiation of fluorescein molecule to give fluorescence light , this reaction and analysis occur in a specially homemade  designed cell. Experimental parameters that lead to optimum concentrations of all chemicals and physicals variables .A sample volume of 75 μL was used throughout the whole work. It was found that the linear working range was between 20-500 μmol. L-1, with correlation coefficient of 0.9969 and limit of detection L.O.D. (S/N =3) 1.275ng/sample by using step wise dilution of the minimum concentration that was achieved by the calibration graph. Repeatability of less than 0.25% for ten successive injections of 250 μmol.L-1 & 400μmol .L-1 of hydrogen peroxide .The method was applied successively in determination of hydrogen peroxide in some pharmaceutical disinfectants.Keywords: Chemiluminescence, Flow injection analysis, Hydrogen peroxide, In situ fluorescence.
The Relationship between Phylogenic Typing and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns for Escherichia coli Isolated from UTIs in Many Hospitals at Baghdad City Eptisam Younam Pirko
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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Escherichia coli are one of the most important pathogens, associated with urinary tract infections. Four phylogenetic groups were identified with locally isolates divided as follows: the phylogroups B2  43%, phylogroups D  28.25%, phylogroups A  24%  and B1  3.5%, so phylogenic group B1 was prevalent among  male patients of AL-Yarmouk hospital 14%, followed AL-Iskan  3.75 % as well, isolation rate of E.coli were higher among age 11-20 years  31.75 %, of which 11% were sensitivity to  antibiotics, while  75.25%  were classified as extensive drug resistance pathogens, but 13.75% were multidrug resistance and in Karkh areas, the frequency of phylogenetic B2 was 59.88%, followed phylogenetic A and D were 68.75 and 48.78%  respectively as compared to Rusafa areas were prevalence phylogenetic B2 40.12% , followed phylogenetic D and A were  51.22 and 31.25 %, as well as most of these phylogenetic groups occurred more frequently in both groups B2 or D  43, 28.25% respectively, also  2.75, 2.5% of phylogenic A were antibiotics sensitivity in both AL-Iskan hospital and Ghazi AL-Hariri hospital respectively whilst these phylogenic was multidrug resistance as percentage 9, 3.75  % Alternately in both AL-Yarmouk hospital and AL-Iskan hospital, Whilst in these hospital this phylogenic A was founded with extensive drug resistance 1, 0.75% respectively, also most of phylogenetic group B2 occurred more frequently in AL-Yarmouk hospital, so the sensitivity; multidrug resistance and extensive drug resistance as  2.25, 15 and 3.5%  respectively, also all  phylogenetic groups E. coli isolates from UTI patients of five hospital were grouped  in two or three major group as  A, B group contain major sub groups. The aim of this study is to explore the prevalence of in Escherichia coli from urinary tract infections in many Baghdad hospitals, investigate their phylogenic groups and evaluate the relationship of phylogenic groups of E. coli isolates with the antibiotic resistant patterns.
Efficacy of Drying and Stir-frying to Purple Rice Paddy Herb (Limnophila aromatica) Tea N. P. Minh
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 08 (2019) Aug. 2019
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Abstract

In Vietnam, L. aromatica is easily cultivated in flooded rice fields. This herb has two very distinct flavours of lemon oil and cumin.  It is used in Vietnamese cuisine to add flavour in soup broths, sauces, and other foods. In order to create a new kind of functional herb tea, we have penetrated on various parameters such as drying and stir-frying the total phenolic and total flavonoid content in the dried stir-fried rice paddy herb tea. Our results revealed that drying raw purple rice paddy herb at 55oC to 8.5% moisture content and then stir-frying at 140oC in 6 minutes could produce the good organoleptic property while maintaining the best phenolic and flavonoid content in this functional beverage. These findings provided useful information for manufactures in processing of this herb to preserve potential sources of bioactive components for consumer and public health. Keywords: Rice paddy herb, Tea, Beverage, Drying, Stir-frying, Phenolic, Flavonoid, Organoleptic.
Molecular Analysis of Type 1 Fimbriae Operon in E. coli Isolated from UTI Duaa Al-Musawi
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 04.
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One hundred E.coli isolates wascollected from urinary tract infections. Patients aged between 2 and 73 years, 66 females, 34 males. E. coli's commitment to urinary epithelial cells appears to be 100% in local isolates and the ability of bacteria to form biofilm was detected by using conjured-plate method and result showed that 96% of these isolated capable to form biofilm and only 4 isolates non-producer. Types1 fimbrial adhesions are encode by a fimgene clusters, include nine gene essential for the biosynthesis. ( FimB, Fim E, fim A , FimI, Fim C, FimD, FimF, FimG, FimH )  according to this study all the above mentioned genes were  detection using PCR technique but there percentage were differ with (93% , 85% , 98%, 98% , 100% , 100% , 100% ,100% ,98%) respectively . the results indicated that isolates were negative for fim H gene may be negative for biofim formation this indicated the importance of type 1 fimbriae in biofilm formation.Keywords: Uropathogenic Escherichiacoli (UPEC); Bioflim, (PCR); Type1fimbriae.
Antibiofilm Activity of Intracellular Extracts of Westiellopsis prolifica Isolated From Local Environment in Baghdad Shurooq Latif Al-Tmimi
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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Acetone and hexane extracts of cyanobacteria Westiellopsis  prolifica was tested In vitro. Antibiofilm  activity was evaluated by biofilm production assay against six  pathogenic bacteria in which three are Gram- positive bacteria  "Staphylococcus aureus , B.subtilis, and Streptococcus sp. "  and three  are Gram- negative bacteria" Shigella sp., Proteus sp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa " in additions two isolates of fungi "Aspergills niger  and Candida albicans".The results showed that crude acetone extract for W .prolifica better than hexane extract ,and  more efficient on negative gram bacteria than positive gram bacteria. The highest biofilm inhibition of acetone extract against Shigella sp. reached to (10 ) %, while lower biofilm inhibition ( 68)% against A. niger compared to hexane, with the highest biofilm inhibitory rate in C.albicans  (42 )% and lower biofilm inhibition against Proteus sp. reached to ( 98 )%.at concentration 100 µl. As well as  Congo red agar  method showed that acetone extract for W .prolifica better than hexane extract in the anti-biofilm formation at 50 µl, The best anti-biofilm activity of   acetone extract  against  B. subtilis , Shigella sp., Proteus sp. and C. albicans  (++ )While A. niger (+) showed slight  effectiveness .On the other hand the hexane extract showed little efficacy against biofilm for all studied isolates .Key words: Westiellopsis prolifica, Active compounds, Antibiofilm, Partial purification, GC/MS Analysis.

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