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Agung Ari Wibowo
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jtkl@polinema.ac.id
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INDONESIA
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan
Published by Politeknik Negeri Malang
ISSN : 25798537     EISSN : 25799746     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/jtkl
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology
JTKL editors welcome manuscripts in the form of research articles, literature review, or case reports that have not been accepted for publication or even published in other scientific journals. Articles published in cover key areas in the development of chemical and environmental engineering sciences, such as: Energy Waste treatment Unit operation Thermodynamic Process simulation Development and application of new material Chemical engineering reaction Biochemical Biomass Corrosion technology The "JURNAL TEKNIK KIMIA DAN LINGKUNGAN" journal is a peer-reviewed Open Access scientific journal published by Politeknik Negeri Malang. This journal first appeared in October 2017. The main purpose of the journal was to support publication of the results of scientific and research activities in the field of Chemical and Environmental Engineering. It is published twice a year in April and October.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik Kimia (semua kategori) - Kimia Proses dan Teknologi
Articles 13 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 4 No. 2 (2020): October 2020" : 13 Documents clear
Aplikasi Microwave Hydrodistillation pada Ekstraksi Biji Kapulaga Y. Tri Rahkadima; Anggun Fitria Laila Ningsih; Medya Ayunda Fitri
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 4 No. 2 (2020): October 2020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1199.388 KB) | DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v4i2.169

Abstract

Minyak Atsiri dari kapulaga memiliki banyak manfaat dibidang industri maupun kesehatan. Metode alternatif diperlukan untuk mengoptimalkan kualitas dan kuantitas minyak atsiri yang dihasilkan karena metode konvensional memiliki banyak kelemahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan hasil minyak atsiri dari proses ekstraksi konvensional menggunakan soxhlet dan ekstraksi microwave hydrodistilation . Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan serbuk biji kapulaga seberat 40 gram yang telah dipisahkan dari bahan impuritiesnya . Pada metode ekstraksi Soxhlet , n-heksan digunakan sebagai pelarut, sementara itu pada metode ekstraksi Microwave Hydrodistilation menggunakan aquadest sebagai pelarutnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persen yield tertinggi diperoleh saat menggunakan metode ekstraksi soxhlet yaitu sebesar 3,608% dengan volume pelarut 250 ml , waktu ekstraksi 6 jam. Penggunaan aquades dalam metode microwave hydro-distilation tidak memberikan hasil yang maksimal jika dibandingkan metode konventional ekstraksi soxhlet dengan pelarut n-heksan. Essential oils from cardamom have many benefits in the field of industry and health. Alternative methods are needed to optimize the quality and quantity of essential oils produced because conventional methods have many disadvantages. This study aims to compare the results of essential oils from conventional extraction processes using Soxhlet and Microwave Hydrodistilation extraction. The study was conducted using cardamom seed powder weighing 40 grams which had been separated from the impurities. In the Soxhlet extraction method, n-hexane is used as a solvent, while in the Microwave Hydrodistilation extraction method uses aquadest as the solvent. The results showed that the highest percent yield was obtained when using the Soxhlet extraction method which was 3.608% with a volume of solvent of 250 ml, extraction time of 6 hours. The use of distilled water in the microwave hydro-distillation method does not give maximum results when compared to the conventional method of extracting Soxhlet with n-hexane solvent.
Peningkatan Karakteristik Biodegradable Plastics dari Kulit Pisang Candi dengan Penambahan Filler Kalsium Silikat dan Clay S. Sigit Udjiana; Sigit Hadiantoro; Anang Takwanto; Anugrah Windy Mustikarini
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 4 No. 2 (2020): October 2020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1123.455 KB) | DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v4i2.135

Abstract

Biodegradable plastics adalah plastik yang memiliki sifat ramah lingkungan. Kulit pisang candi berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan bioplastik karena mengandung pati sebesar 28,488 %. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh plasticizer (sorbitol) dan filler (kalsium silikat dan clay) terhadap kuat tarik, % elongasi, % biodegradasi dan % absorpsi bioplastik. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, semakin banyak filler clay atau kalsium silikat maka bioplastik memiliki kuat tarik yang besar dan % elongasi yang semakin kecil. Semakin banyak clay yang ditambahkan maka semakin besar daya absorpsi terhadap air, namun semakin banyak kalsium silikat yang ditambahkan maka semakin kecil daya absorpsi terhadap air. Semakin banyak filler kalsium silikat dan clay maka semakin kecil % biodegradasi bioplastik. Semakin banyak jumlah sorbitol yang ditambahkan maka semakin besar % elongasi, % biodegradasi dan % water absorption namun semakin kecil % kuat tarik. Bioplastik dengan penambahan filler kalsium silikat memiliki kuat tarik antara 4,11-22,08 Mpa, % elongasi antara 2,17%-57,95%, % water absorption antara 67,26%-120% dan %biodegradasi antara 0,61%-19,22%. Bioplastik dengan penambahan filler clay memiliki kuat tarik antara 2,38-14,05 Mpa, %elongasi antara 2,11%-46,24%, % water absorption antara 79,07%-150,67% dan %biodegradasi antara 1,17%-34,54%. Biodegradable plastics is plastic which has environmentally properties. Candi banana peels potential to be used as a basic material for making bioplastics because it contains 28,488% starch. The aims of our research is to determine the effect of plasticizer (sorbitol) and filler (calcium silicate and clay) on tensile strength, elongation (%), biodegradation (%) and bioplastic absorption (%). Based on the result, the more amount of calcium silicate or clay filler added, the larger tensile strength and the smaller % elongation. The more amount of clay added, the greater absorption capacity of water, but the more calcium silicate added, the smaller absorption capacity of water. The more amount calcium silicate filler added, the smaller the biodegradation of bioplastic, but in the data based on clay filler, % biodegradation decreased. The more amount of sorbitol added, the greater % elongation, % biodegradation and % water absorption, but the smaller % tensile strength. Bioplastics with calcium silicate as filler has tensile strength between 4.11-22.08 Mpa, % elongation between 2.17% -57.95%, % water absorption between 67.26% -120% and % biodegradation between 0.61-19.22%. Bioplastics with clay as filler has tensile strength between 2.38-14.05 MPa, % elongation between 2.11%-46.24%, % water absorption between 79.07%-150.67% and % biodegradation between 1,17% -34.54%.
Biodegradable Foam dari Pati Sagu Terasitilasi dengan Penambahan Blowing Agent NaHCO3 Nanik Hendrawati; Agung Ari Wibowo; Rosita Dwi Chrisnandari
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 4 No. 2 (2020): October 2020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1349.995 KB) | DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v4i2.168

Abstract

Biodegradable foam berbahan dasar pati merupakan kemasan alternatif pengganti Styrofoam. Namun foam berbahan pati mempunyai sifat rapuh, sensitive terhadap air dan membutuhkan tambahan perlakuan untuk meningkatan kekuatan, fleksibilitas dan ketahanan terhadap air untuk bisa diaplikasikan secara komersial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan NaHCO3 dan asam sitrat pada pembuatan biodegradable foam dari pati sagu alami dan terasetilasi. Proses modifikasi dilakukan dengan cara asetilasi yang bertujuan meningkatkan kemampuan termoplastis dan sifat hidrofobik. Proses pembuatan biodegradable foam menggunakan metode baking process. Variabel yang digunakan yaitu konsentrasi blowing agent dengan perbandingan NaHCO3 dan asam sitrat (1,3:1). Variabel yang digunakan mulai 0; 10; 12; 15; s/d 18 % w/w dari pati sagu. Hasil pengujian biodegradable foam dari pati sagu terasetilasi didapatkan nilai water absorbtion, kuat tarik, dan densitas lebih rendah dan sebaliknya pada uji biodegradability mempunyai nilai yang lebih tinggi dari pati sagu alami. Analisa SEM dilakukan pada biodegradable foam dengan penambahan blowing agent sebesar 12%, didapatkan bentuk morfologi closed cell dengan rata-rata ukuran partikel sebesar 32,02 μm pada biodegradable foam dari pati sagu alami dan 39,34 μm pada biodegradable foam dari pati sagu terasetilasi. Analisa FT-IR pada pati terasetilasi menghasilkan gugus C=O karbonil dengan bilangan gelombang sebesar 1650 cm-1. Biodegradable foam based on starch is an alternative packaging for styrofoam. However foams made from starch are brittle, sensitive to water and require further treatments to improve their strength, flexibility, and water resistance for commercial applications. The objective of this research to determine the effect of NaHCO3 and citric acid addition to produce biodegradable foam from natural and acetylated sago starch. The modification process is carried out by acetylation, the aim of modification to improve thermoplastic capabilities and hydrophobic properties. Biodegradable foam production is carried out by using the baking process method. The variables used were the concentration of blowing agent with a ratio of NaHCO3 and citric acid (1.3: 1). The various concentration were used 0; 10; 12; 15; 18% w / w of sago starch. The results showed that biodegradable foam based acetylated sago starch have lower of water absorption , tensile strength, density , however have higher biodegradability value than natural sago starch. SEM analysis was carried out on biodegradable foam with the addition of blowing agent by 12%, obtained closed cell morphology with an average particle size of 32.02 μm on biodegradable foam from native sago starch and 39.34 μm in biodegradable foam from acetylated sago starch. The FT-IR analysis of the acetylated starch produced a group C = O carbonyl with a wave number of 1650 cm-1.

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