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INDONESIA
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 7 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 7, No 2 (2022): August" : 7 Documents clear
Adsorption and release of soil P in andisols under organic and conventional vegetable farming system Aridinasty Maritasari; Benito Heru Purwanto; Sri Nuryani Hidayah Utami
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 7, No 2 (2022): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.68740

Abstract

Phosphorous (P) is strongly adsorbed by soil components, such as soil organic matter and soil amorphous minerals in Andisols, which have been identified as an influential factor in adsorption and release of soil P. The aim of this study was to characterize the pattern of soil P adsorption and release in both organic and conventional vegetable farming systems in Merbabu Mountain area, Indonesia. Soil samples were collected from soil layers (0 cm to 20 cm and 20 cm to 40 cm) in organic and conventional farming systems. The result showed that the highest adsorption rate was found in organic farming systems at a depth of 20 cm to 40 cm. The lowest adsorption rate was found in conventional farming systems with low input of organic matter at a depth of 20 cm to 40 cm. A higher rate of P release was also found in organic farming systems with a low input of organic matter. It can be concluded that vegetable soils in organic farming systems are not only highly capable of adsorbing P but also capable of releasing P rapidly.
Anatomical characteristics of cocoa plant roots as affected by the levels of calcium fertilization Sutan Tarmizi Lubis; Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra; Budiastuti Kurniasih
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 7, No 2 (2022): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.69842

Abstract

Cocoa plant (Theobroma cacao L.) is one of good annual crops grown in Indonesia. The disadvantages and advantages of Ca in plants can affect morphology and anatomy in plants. This research aimed to identify the effect of Ca on the anatomical performance of the roots of cocoa plants and determine the optimal dose of Ca for the anatomical characteristics of the roots of cocoa plant. The research was conducted at the cocoa plantation owned by PT. Pagilaran at North Segayung Production Unit, Tulis Subdistrict, Batang Regency, Central Java, in October 2019 – February 2021. The observation of root anatomy was carried out by making preparations, and the plant roots were taken destructively and sliced transversely. The field experiment was arranged using a single factor randomized complete block design. The treatments consisted of without fertilizer application and calcium fertilization at a dose of 100 g/tree/year, 200 g/tree/year, 300 g/tree/year, and 400 g/tree/year. The cocoa clone used was clone RCC 71. The results showed that an increase in the dose of CaCl2 fertilizer up to 400 g/tree/year was generally followed by an increase in the size of the xylem and phloem diameters, the thickness of the cork layer, the thickness of secondary cortex, and the diameter of the stele. The quadratic effect of the dose of CaCl2 fertilizer was observed only on the thickness of the root cambium tissues. Thus, it is necessary to conduct further research to determine the optimal dose of Ca fertilizer for the anatomical characteristics of cocoa roots.
Influence of ‘Lactobacillus serum’ on the growth of Amaranthus hybridus and some soil chemical properties under screen house conditions Ikponmwosa Ogbemudia; Valerie Ifeyinwa Ofili Edosa; Enameguono Ekpemuaka
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 7, No 2 (2022): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.70701

Abstract

The potentials of lactic acid bacteria serum, termed as ‘Lactobacillus (LB) serum’, in enhancing soil nutrient availability and supplies for the growth of Amaranthus hybridus and some chemical properties of soil were investigated at the screen house of the Department of Soil Science, University of Benin. Three application rates of the serum were adopted, consisting of 3 mL (3,000 L.ha-1), 5 mL (5,000 L.ha-1), and 0 ml (0 L.ha-1), and represented as treatment. Amaranthus hybridus was transplanted into pots containing 2 kg of 2 mm sieved air-dried soil. Each treatment was replicated seven times to give a total of 21 pots that were laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The treatments were applied twice a week starting from the 2nd week after transplanting. The plant growth indices measured were number of leaves, plant height and plant biomass. The results showed that serum positively influenced the number of leaves and plant biomass (4.333 kg to 4.830 kg) compared to the control (3.901 kg). However, the highest value of the plant biomass was found in the 3 mL (3,000 L.ha-1) treated pots, while the microbial colonies of bacteria in soil after serum application were sustained when compared with the control but at a reduced population for Bacillus subtilis. The application of LB. serum slightly improved the soil total organic carbon (320.0 g.kg-1 to 352.0 g.kg-1) and nitrogen (3.102 g.kg-1 to 3.325 g.kg-1) as against, 64.00 g.kg-1, and 0.639 g.kg-1 in the control respectively. 
Effects of nano guano, nano phosphate rock, and SP-36 fertilizers on maize growth and phosphorus uptake in inceptisol Nia Herlina; Sri Nuryani Hidayah Utami; Cahyo Wulandari
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 7, No 2 (2022): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.71374

Abstract

Nanotechnology fertilizers are fertilizers associated with objects measuring 1 nm to 100 nm capable of controlling or manipulating at an atomic scale. Phosphorus is one of the essential nutrients needed by plants in large amounts. Maize is a strategic commodity requiring optimal nutrients. Inceptisol is soil that has relatively low fertility and chemical properties. The addition of P nutrients to the soil plays an important role in improving soil quality. This study aimed to compare the types of P fertilizers of nano guano, nano phosphate rock, and SP-36 with various doses of P2O5 and determine the most effective type. This research was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors. The first factor is the type of fertilizer, consisting of nano guano, nano phosphate rock, and SP-36. The second factor is the dose of P2O5 with four treatment levels, namely 0 kg.ha-1, 50 kg.ha-1, 100 kg.ha-1, and 150 kg.ha-1. The results showed that nano phosphate rock was the most effective fertilizer for maize in Inceptisol. The optimum dose of P fertilizer was 100 kg.ha-1, which was able to produce the highest plant height (215.67 cm) and phosphorus uptake (0.4765 g/plant).
The increased carbon storage changes with a decrease in phosphorus availability in the organic paddy soil Suphathida Aumtong; Chakrit Chotamonsak; Bundit Somchit
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 7, No 2 (2022): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.71381

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effect of organic rice farming on the various forms of inorganic phosphorus, the concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and carbon storage, and the relationship between DOC and P fractions in organic rice farming (ORF). The soil samples were taken from 11 organic plots, and three pseudo-replicates were sampled from individuals of various soil depths. The P-fractions, the soil organic carbon (SOC), DOC, and other soil properties were analyzed by standard methods from soils. The data were analyzed using One-way and Two-way ANOVA and tested using the least significant difference. The results showed that ORF soils had less labile P than conventional rice farming, while ORF had a higher average of DOC, SOC, and C stock than conventional rice soil (P<0.05). Organic fertilizers such as animal manure application and rice straw retention were used for ten years in the ORF. The agricultural practices of ORF would convince the amount of amorphous Fe and Al on soil minerals significantly and would increase the adsorption capacity of the soil mineral surfaces by organic fertilization. The Fe-P fraction responded to the increased adsorption capacity in the ORF and shown along with the DOC and P which were less than in ORF. Both of them were more adsorbed on the surface mineral. Meanwhile, the lower P for nutrient cycling in ORF soil, the lesser the decomposition of DOC and SOC, which then affected the increase of soil C storage.
Competitive adsorption of phosphate with sulfate, humic acid, and fulvic acid by allophane in different parent materials in Central Java Lilia Fauziah; Eko Hanudin; Sri Nuryani Hidayah Utami
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 7, No 2 (2022): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.72050

Abstract

Andisol is a soil that has andic properties and develops from volcanic parent materials, especially ash. Andic soil properties are formed due to weathering of tephra or other parent materials that contain volcanic glass in large quantities. The main components of soil-forming Andisol are amorphous (short-range-order) minerals, such as allophane, imogolite, ferrihydrite, and Al/Fe-humus complexes. The existence of short-range-order minerals causes Andisol to have high P-tapping ability, but efforts to lower the amount of P plunged with organic and inorganic an-ons have not been widely studied. This study aimed to compare the ability of humic acid, fulvic acid, and sulfate in suppressing P adsorption by amorphous minerals from the Andisol of Mount Dieng, Merbabu, and Sumbing. The highest calculation of % ferrihydrite was found at the location of Mount Merbabu with a value of 3.05%, while the % allophane + imogolite was determined by the content of Sio in the ground. The calculation results showed that the highest was found at the location of Mount Sumbing with a value of 7.17%. Based on TEM analysis, Mount Sumbing has allophane diameter of 2.24 – 5.93 nm and the imogolite length of 24 – 187 nm. 
Cell wall modifications lead to cultivar differences in apple (Malus domestica) fruit mealiness Ayu Nurlaila Indah; Shigeki Moriya; Tomoya Ohta; Rani Agustina Wulandari; Panjisakti Basunanda; Hideki Murayama
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 7, No 2 (2022): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.72768

Abstract

Recently, four quantitative trait loci linked to flesh mealiness in apples were identified, with one associated with the MdPG1 allele. Hence, this study analyzed cell wall changes in two mealy (Orin and Akane) and three non-mealy (Kiou, Kitaro, Fuji) apple cultivars during ripening. The fruits were harvested for each cultivar at optimum maturity and stored at 20°C for 20 days. The flesh firmness of ‘Kitaro’ and ‘Fuji’ fruit did not change strikingly over the 20 days, whereas that of the other three cultivars, especially ‘Akane’ and ‘Orin’, gradually decreased during ripening. Between the two cultivars with a mealy texture, ‘Akane’ fruit produced extremely low levels of ethylene, whereas ‘Orin’ fruit produced high levels. The water-soluble polyuronide (WSP) contents of ‘Kiou’ and ‘Fuji’ fruit did not change clearly. In contrast, the WSP contents of the other three cultivars, especially ‘Akane’ and ‘Orin’, increased during ripening. In ‘Kiou’, ‘Kitaro’, and ‘Fuji’ fruit, the molecular-mass distributions of WSPs did not change during ripening. Conversely, the molecular-mass distribution of WSPs in ‘Akane’ and ‘Orin’ fruit exhibited downshifts during ripening. These results indicate that solubilization and depolymerization of pectic polyuronides occur during ripening in mealy ‘Akane’ and ‘Orin’ fruit, and that ethylene may not be involved in these changes.

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