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INDONESIA
Journal of Smart Agriculture and Environmental Technology
Published by Indonesian Soil Science Society of South Sumatra
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30218802     DOI : https://doi.org/10.60105/josaet
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science Veterinary
The Journal of Smart Agriculture and Environmental Technology (JOSAET) is an international, interdisciplinary publication committed to addressing current issues in agriculture and environmental sciences. Our mission is to promote sustainable and safe food production practices for the future without causing environmental harm. JOSAET covers a broad range of topics, including soil, water, and plant management, pest control, and plant cultivation. We aim to anticipate environmental changes and contribute to the development of resilient agricultural practices. Published three times a year, in April, August, and December, JOSAET maintains rigorous standards through a high-quality peer-review process. We welcome manuscripts showcasing interdisciplinary expertise in areas such as: Enhancing crop production efficiency with new technologies to support agricultural sustainability, covering topics like crop management, pest control, environmental impact, input efficiency, new variety development, and socio-economic assessment. Fostering soil and water management strategies, such as the use of organic inputs, anticipation of soil pollution, soil health, and soil fertility inputs for sustainability. Exploring technology applications in various fields including soil science, agronomy, horticulture, plantation, forestry, aquaculture, husbandry farming, bioremediation, and application of machine learning and artificial intelligence in soil science, agriculture, and environment. We also welcome contributions discussing other environmental technologies aimed at improving our environment. JOSAET publishes original papers, short communications, and reviews concerning smart agriculture and environmental technology. We are particularly interested in research that promotes agricultural practices preserving the environment, enhancing crop production and income, mitigating global warming effects, and building food security in the face of climate change. Our vision is to be a leading voice in the discourse on sustainable agriculture and environmental management, facilitating innovation and knowledge exchange for a sustainable and resilient future.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Agronomi dan Ilmu Tanaman
Articles 69 Documents
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Machine Learning-Driven Smart Aquaculture Technology for Climate-Resilient Water Quality Monitoring Moses Abiodun; Babatunde Adesina; S. Adebukola Onashoga; Kehinde Eniola; Kehinde Adeniyi; Babatomiwa Idris Rasheed
Journal of Smart Agriculture and Environmental Technology Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Soil Science Society of South Sumatra in Collaboration With Soil Science Department, Sriwijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60105/josaet.2026.4.1.1-6

Abstract

The aquaculture sector is among the fastest-growing food production industries, playing a critical role in global food security by supplying high-quality protein to millions.  However, climate change has introduced severe challenges, disrupting production through altered temperature regimes, unpredictable rainfall, and deteriorating water quality. Key parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), and salinity have shown significant fluctuations, which are directly affecting fish health, growth rates, reproduction, and overall pond productivity. To address these challenges, this study  proposes an integrated IoT and machine learning (ML) framework designed for real-time water quality monitoring and adaptive management in aquaculture systems. The primary objective is to enhance climate resilience by enabling data-driven decision-making for optimal fish health and production efficiency. A comprehensive dataset was sourced from reputable offline and online repositories, and then partitioned into training (90%) and testing (10%) subsets. Water quality was classified into two categories: “good” and “bad” based on critical thresholds for aquaculture sustainability. Four supervised machine learning algorithms were evaluated for classification performance, including Random Forest (RF) with an accuracy of 100%, demonstrating superior predictive capability, and Logistic Regression (LR) with an accuracy of 57%, indicating moderate performance, Support Vector Machine (SVM) yielded an accuracy of 62%, suitable for certain nonlinear patterns, and Naive Bayes (NB) attained 89% accuracy, offering a balance between speed and reliability. This research paves the way for next-generation smart aquaculture systems, bridging the gap between environmental monitoring and AI-based decision support.
The Potential of Chitosan and Virgin Coconut Oil as Egg Coating Materials to Maintain the Quality of Local Duck Eggs during Storage Eli Sahara; Febrinita Ulfah; Sofia Sandi; Muhakka; Andi Mushawir
Journal of Smart Agriculture and Environmental Technology Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): August 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Soil Science Society of South Sumatra in Collaboration With Soil Science Department, Sriwijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60105/josaet.2026.4.2.52-56

Abstract

Eggs can be preserved by soaking them in an antibacterial solution. Chitosan and pure coconut oil are two such materials. This study aimed to extend the shelf life of eggs while maintaining their quality. The present study applied a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and four. The eggs were stored for 14 days under room temperature (25-30◦C) and 70-80% relative humidity. The treatments in this study were: P0 = without a chitosan solution and coconut oil, P1 = soaked in a 1% chitosan solution, P2 = soaked in a 2% chitosan solution, P3 = soaked in a 3% chitosan solution, and P4 = soaked in a 100% coconut oil solution. The observed variables were egg weight loss, albumen and yolk weight. The results showed that the treatments significantly affected weight loss and albumen weight (P<0.05) but not yolk weight (P>0.05). Soaking eggs in 100% coconut oil (P4) resulted in the lowest weight loss (1.26%), which was significantly different from chitosan treatments (1-3%) and the control (2.66%). Similarly, the highest albumen weight (43.98%) was found in the coconut oil treatment. The treatments also showed no significant effect on the albumen and yolk index, as well as the pH of albumen and yolk. Treatment using coconut oil showed the best results in maintaining the internal quality of duck eggs with the smallest weight loss of 1.26% and maintaining the largest albumen weight of 43.98%. The treatment also showed no significant effect on albumen index, yolk index, pH of albumen and yolk. In conclusion, coconut oil  effectively maintained egg quality, while chitosan was less effective.
Growth and Yield of Corn (Zea mays L.) and Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Cultivated at Different Spacing in-Row Intercropping System with Rubber Crops (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) mumarharun HARUN; Fitri Ramadhani; Habibulloh Habibulloh
Journal of Smart Agriculture and Environmental Technology Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): August 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Soil Science Society of South Sumatra in Collaboration With Soil Science Department, Sriwijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60105/josaet.2026.4.2.67-72

Abstract

The efforts to increase productivity of rubber plantations can be carried out through polyculture planting patterns rubber of corn and sorghum. The aim of this research is to determine the rubber response and the growth of corn and sorghum intercrops with modified planting spacing. The research was conducted at the Rubber Research Facility, Faculty of Agriculture (3◦14′2′′S 104◦38′12′′E), Universitas Sriwijaya, Indralaya, Ogan Ilir, South Sumatera. The research was conducted in two experimental units using a  randomized block design with four replications. Planting spacing was as treatment. There were three plant spacings for corn, the treatment spacing, which consists of three levels, namely 75 cm × 25 cm (JT-J1), 75 cm × 30 cm (JT-J2) and 75 cm × 35 cm (JT-J3). Meanwhile, the spacing for sorghum were as follows 75 cm × 25 cm (JT-S1), 75 cm × 50 cm (JT-S2), 75 cm × 75 cm (JT-S3). The results of research on polyculture of rubber plants with plant spacing treatment had a positive effect on corn and sorghum crops. The  growth and production of corn crops is significantly increased with a planting spacing of 75 × 35 cm for corn and 75 × 75 cm for sorghum was the optimal planting distance, as reflected in the growth of stem circumference, leaf greenness, stalk weight, and weight of 100 grains. 
Rehabilitation of the Ecological and Economic Functions of Urban Coastal Areas: A Mixed-Methods Assessment of Urban Aquaculture in Ketapang, Tangerang Regency, Indonesia Ahmad Nawawi; Nonon Saribanon; Destika Cahyana
Journal of Smart Agriculture and Environmental Technology Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): August 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Soil Science Society of South Sumatra in Collaboration With Soil Science Department, Sriwijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60105/josaet.2026.4.2.73-81

Abstract

Mangrove-based ecotourism integrated with urban aquaculture has emerged as a promising strategy linking conservation with livelihood improvement in Indonesia’s rapidly urbanizing coastal zones. However, empirical assessments that simultaneously address ecological, socio-economic, and governance dimensions remain limited. This study evaluates the Ketapang Urban Aquaculture (KUA) mangrove ecotourism site (14.5 ha) in Tangerang Regency, Banten Province, using a sequential exploratory mixed- method design that combines Sentinel-2 satellite imagery analysis with structured surveys (n = 9), semi-structured interviews with key informants, and field observations conducted between May 2025 and January 2026. Mangrove Vegetation Index (MVI) time-series analysis via Google Earth Engine revealed a 1639% increase in mangrove cover from 0.551 ha (2020) to 9.583 ha (2025), with a compound annual growth rate of approximately 77 to 78%. Despite this substantial areal expansion, the mangrove health index remains at a moderate level. Socio-economic findings indicate low and declining visitor numbers (5 to 10 on weekdays; 10 to 20 on weekends), closure of approximately 20 food stalls, and non-operational status of four formerly supported micro, small, and medium enterprise (MSME) groups. Community participation is largely confined to operational activities, with limited involvement in planning and decision-making. A welfare gap exists between internal management staff, who report relatively stable income, and vendors/MSME actors, whose livelihoods are directly affected by visitor decline. Annual operational costs (IDR 300 to 500 million) exceed tourism revenue, raising concerns about financial sustainability. The findings suggest that KUA has achieved notable ecological rehabilitation success but has not yet translated this into broad-based socio-economic benefits. Strengthening community-based governance,  diversifying revenue streams, improving visitor infrastructure and digital promotion, and formalizing benefit-sharing mechanisms are recommended to advance the site toward a more sustainable and equitable ecotourism model. 
Linking Soil Physicochemical Characteristics to Taxonomic Classification across Lebak Swamp Typologies in South Sumatra Nova Tri Buyana; M. Edi Armanto; Elisa Wildayana
Journal of Smart Agriculture and Environmental Technology Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): August 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Soil Science Society of South Sumatra in Collaboration With Soil Science Department, Sriwijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60105/josaet.2026.4.2.89-96

Abstract

Lebak swamp areas in South Sumatra represent a strategic land resource for agricultural development and food security; however, their utilization remains constrained by  variability in soil characteristics and hydrological conditions. This study aims to analyze soil physicochemical characteristics, classify soils based on Soil Taxonomy, and examine the relationship between soil taxonomy and lebak swamp typologies. The research was conducted through field surveys, soil profile description, soil sampling, and laboratory analyses. The results indicate that the total area of lebak swamp reaches approximately ±430,731 ha, which can be classified into five main typologies: shallow lebak, levee (pematang), middle lebak, deep lebak, and lebung. The soils are generally characterized by acidic conditions (pH 3.5-5.5), high organic carbon content (2.5-8.0%), moderate to high total nitrogen, and low available phosphorus (5-15 ppm). Based on Soil Taxonomy, the soils are classified into Entisols, Inceptisols, Histosols, and partly Gelisols, with distinct distributions across lebak typologies. Deep lebak and lebung areas are predominantly occupied by organic soils (Histosols), whereas shallow lebak and levee areas are dominated by young mineral soils (Entisols and Inceptisols). These findings demonstrate a clear relationship between hydrological typology and soil development, which can serve as a basis for zoning and sustainable management of lebak swamp land, particularly in determining suitable crops and soil amelioration strategies.
Analysis of Geospatial Production Factors on Rice Productivity at IP 200 in Muara Lawai Village Muara Enim Regency of South Sumatra supli rahim; Dian Sulistyani; Asvic Helida
Journal of Smart Agriculture and Environmental Technology Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): August 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Soil Science Society of South Sumatra in Collaboration With Soil Science Department, Sriwijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60105/josaet.2026.4.2.82-88

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effects of production factors and spatial patterns on rice productivity under the CI 200 cropping system in Muara Lawai Village, Muara Enim  Regency. The study is motivated by limited land availability, high cropping intensity, and variability in input management among farmers, resulting in heterogeneous productivity. A survey method involving 30 farmers was applied, followed by descriptive analysis, Cobb-Douglas regression, and GIS-based geospatial analysis. The results indicate that land area, rice variety, weed control, and fertilizer combination significantly affect rice productivity. The combination of NPK, urea, and liquid organic fertilizer (POC) is the most dominant factor (β = 0.300), followed by variety (0.220), weed control (0.180), and land area (0.280). The Adjusted R2 value of 0.686 indicates strong explanatory power. Geospatial analysis reveals spatial heterogeneity influenced by irrigation conditions, accessibility, and input distribution. The study concludes that productivity improvement under CI 200 depends on integrated and site-specific management of production factors rather than land expansion. 
Biochar and Solid Decanter Improve Selected Soil Chemical Properties and Leaf Nutrient Status of Oil Palm Seedlings under Reduced NPK Fertilization Sakiah; Siti F Batubara; Febriana Roosmawati; Saroha Manurung; Rahmad Dian; Sigi Ardika; Adiani Y Siahaan; Riki Pradana; Bolkiah Habibie
Journal of Smart Agriculture and Environmental Technology Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): August 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Soil Science Society of South Sumatra in Collaboration With Soil Science Department, Sriwijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60105/josaet.2026.4.2.57-66

Abstract

Oil palm seedling growth in acid mineral soils is often constrained by low soil fertility and limited nutrient retention, making organic amendments a potential strategy to improve growing media quality while reducing mineral fertilizer input. This study evaluated the effects of biochar and solid decanter, applied individually or in combination, on soil chemical properties and leaf nutrient status of oil palm seedlings under reduced  compound mineral fertilizer rates. The experiment was arranged in a non-factorial randomized block design with seven treatments and four replications. The treatments were P0: without soil amendment + 100% NPK fertilizer; P1: 0.6 kg plant−1 solid decanter + 75% NPK fertilizer; P2: 0.6 kg plant−1 solid decanter + 50% NPK fertilizer; P3: 1.5 kg plant−1 biochar + 75% NPK fertilizer; P4: 1.5 kg plant−1 biochar + 50% NPK fertilizer; P5: 0.6 kg plant−1 solid decanter + 1.5 kg plant−1 biochar + 75% NPK fertilizer; and P6: 0.6 kg plant−1 solid decanter +1.5 kg plant−1 biochar + 50% NPK fertilizer. After 14 weeks of treatment application, the treatment packages significantly affected soil organic carbon, total soil nitrogen, leaf phosphorus concentration, and soil exchangeable potassium. Soil organic carbon increased from 1.33% in the control to 5.83% in the combined biochar and solid decanter treatment with 50% NPK fertilizer. Total soil nitrogen also increased from 0.13% to 0.49% under the same treatment. However, soil pH, soil available phosphorus, leaf nitrogen, and leaf potassium were not significantly affected. These findings indicate that the integrated amendment-fertilizer packages, particularly the combination of biochar + solid decanter + 50% NPK fertilizer, improved soil organic carbon and total soil nitrogen and supported selected nutrient parameters, including leaf phosphorus concentration and soil exchangeable potassium, under a 25% to 50% reduction in the recommended NPK fertilizer rate.
Soil Microbial Diversity and It’s Technology to Promote Sustainable Agroecosystem Kabita Budthapa; Prof. Dr. Iin Handayani, MSc
Journal of Smart Agriculture and Environmental Technology Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): August 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Soil Science Society of South Sumatra in Collaboration With Soil Science Department, Sriwijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60105/josaet.2026.4.2.105-112

Abstract

Soil is home to a vast array of microorganisms that are essential to ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF), which includes climate regulation, organic matter breakdown, and nutrient cycling. This literature review summarizes the state of knowledge regarding how soil microbial diversity affects agricultural ecosystem services and functions, emphasizing important processes including phosphorus solubilization, nitrogen fixation, and nutrient mobilization. It describes the ideas of functional redundancy and niche complementarity, which help ecosystems remain stable and resilient in the face of  environmental stress. In addition, it also examined the anthropogenic forces that affect soil microbial communities, such as pollution and land-use change. This article describes the biotic and abiotic drivers of microbial diversity. The promise of methodological  advancements like machine learning, stable isotope probing, and omics technologies to expand the understanding of soil microbial ecology is investigated. To maximize microbial potential for environmental resilience and sustainable development, we provide the review of promoting new emerging technology for microbial diversity identification and policy integration. Overall, this article shows the importance of preserving and managing soil microbial diversity to promote sustainable agriculture, enhance soil health, and reduce the effects of climate change.
Mangroves as Coastal Buffer Systems: Analysis of Ecological Functions and Degradation Dynamics Supriyanto; Dodit Ardiatma
Journal of Smart Agriculture and Environmental Technology Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): August 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Soil Science Society of South Sumatra in Collaboration With Soil Science Department, Sriwijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60105/josaet.2026.4.2.97-104

Abstract

Mangrove ecosystems function as critical coastal buffer systems that provide ecological, physical, and socio-economic benefits. However, increasing anthropogenic pressures have accelerated mangrove degradation, particularly in vulnerable coastal regions such as Muara Gembong, Bekasi. This study aims to analyze the ecological functions of mangroves, identify the drivers and dynamics of degradation, and assess their implications for coastal vulnerability using a qualitative Systematic Literature Review (SLR) based on the PRISMA framework. A total of 1,860 records were initially identified, with 160 studies selected for final synthesis after a rigorous screening process. The results indicate that mangroves play a crucial role in supporting biodiversity, regulating nutrient cycles, storing blue carbon, and attenuating wave energy while stabilizing shorelines. However, these functions have significantly declined due to land-use conversion, particularly for aquaculture, along with socio-economic pressures and environmental dynamics. This degradation has increased coastal vulnerability, manifested in erosion, tidal flooding, and reduced community resilience. This study demonstrates that mangrove degradation is a multidimensional socio-ecological process and proposes an integrated analytical framework linking ecological functions,  degradation dynamics, and coastal vulnerability. This framework provides a conceptual foundation for strengthening sustainable coastal management strategies in tropical regions. 

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