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Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27754952     DOI : 10.56338/jphp
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy is an national, peer-reviewed journal. It publishes original papers, reviews and short reports on all aspects of the science, philosophy, and practice of public health. It is aimed at all public health practitioners and researchers and those who manage and deliver public health services and systems. It will also be of interest to anyone involved in provision of public health programmes, the care of populations or communities and those who contribute to public health systems in any way. These include: Epidemiology Health education and behavioral science Environmental Health Occupational Health and Safety Biostatistics Health Administration and Policy Reproduction health Pharmacy This is not an exhaustive list and the Editors will consider articles on any issue relating to public health.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 19 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 5 No. 3: NOVEMBER 2025" : 19 Documents clear
Body Mass Index, Hemoglobin levels and Grade-Point Average for Public Health Students: Cross Sectional Study Alam, Syamsul; Syahrir , Sukfitrianty; Yasin, Maesarah; Aswadi, Aswadi
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 3: NOVEMBER 2025
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v5i3.5483

Abstract

Introduction: Poor nutrition can disrupt a child's motivation, ability to train, and his ability to learn. This will affect children's learning achievement. The first-year students following the lecture process with the block system have an average GPA lower than students who use the lecture system block two to three years. The aim to find out the nutritional status and the college student's achievement index who take the block system learning method in the learning environment of the public health department UIN Alauddin Makassar. Methods: The participants were 88 students from the public health department of UIN Alauddin Makassar with the Cross-Sectional approach method. The research data was obtained by measuring anthropometry based on BW / TB, measurement of hemoglobin, and student achievement index. Data were analyzed by the chi-square test at p-value <0.05. Results: The results showed that the analysis of BMI based on indicators of weight and height measurements obtained the normal nutritional status of students only 40.9%, nutritional status underweight category as much as 35.2% and overweight or overweight as much as 23.9%. The results of hemoglobin examination (g / dl) showed that respondents had anemia which was as much as 71.6%, which was not anemic 28.4%. The results showed that there was no relationship between the BMI with the learning achievement of students who took classes with the block system in health study programs, P-value = 0.902. P-value = 0.001, which shows that there is a significant relationship between anemia status and achievement index obtained during the 2 semesters of lectures that have been followed. Conclusion: Anemia is one of the nutritional problems that can affect student learning achievement, so students can improve consumption patterns that affect hemoglobin.
Cost Analysis of Caesarean Deliveries under INA-CBG’s Tariff System in Jogja Hospital, Indonesia Hadning, Ingenida; Arditya, Zhafira As Syafa Putri
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 3: NOVEMBER 2025
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v5i3.5889

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to determine differences in the average real cost of caesarean section with INA-CBG’s. This study is the first to use the latest INA-CBG's in 2023, so it can provide an overview of the implementation of INA-CBG's in 2023. The finding has the potential to provide recommendations for improving reimbursement policies and can guide the development of more effective financing models for hospitals and patients, particularly regarding caesarean section costs. In light of the growing global demand for cost efficiency in healthcare, this study provides valuable insights into optimizing financing structures and resource allocation. Methods: The study uses a quantitative research approach with retrospective data from sectio caesarea patient medical records in Jogja Hospital during January-September 2023. A total of 30 patients were enrolled, and data were collected through total sampling. Ethical approval was obtained from the hospital director with number 56/KEPK/RSUD/IX/2023 Results: The study's primary outcome was that the average real cost of the Caesarea section is higher than the INA-CBG's 2023. Furthermore, it was found that there was a significant difference between the average real cost of sectio caesarea and INA-CBG's in class 1 INA-CBG's code O-6-10-I (sig.0.001), class 3 INA-CBG's code O-6-10-I (Sig.0.000) and class 3 INA-CBG's code O-6-10-II (Sig.0.028). There are results of insignificant differences in class 1 INA-CBG's code O-6-10-II (Sig.0.180), class 2 INA-CBG's code O-6-10-I (Sig.0.089), class 2 INA-CBG's code O-6-10-II (Sig.0.180). Conclusion: This study shows that there is a significant difference between the real cost and the INA-CBG's on the payment of patient claims for inpatient services at Jogja Hospital. Our study contributes to understanding healthcare reimbursement issues by the difference between the average cost of sectio caesarea and INA-CBG's. Future research should address the evaluation of the factors that can cause the difference between the cost of sectio caesarea and INA-CBG's 2023, which will ultimately advance knowledge in the field of international health.
Sosioeconomic, Behavioral, and Biological Determinants of Tuberculosis Incidence: A Case Study in Aceh Besar, Indonesia Farrah Fahdhienie; Akbar, Fahrisal
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 3: NOVEMBER 2025
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v5i3.6008

Abstract

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) pandemic is a significant global health concern, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Every year the incidence and deaths due to TB continue to increase. Preventing and controlling TB effectively requires understanding the complex interplay of the multidimensional TB risk factors, which consist of social, behavioral, and biological determinants that contribute to its spread. This study aimed to identify and analyze the primary risk factors associated with TB incidence. Methods: This study employed a case-control design with 44 respondents consisting of 22 laboratory-confirmed TB patients and 22 non-TB patients with matching ages and sex. This study used a structured questionnaire was used to collect data through face-to-face interviews. The questionnaire assessed risk factors across three key domains: social determinants, behavioral determinants, and biological determinants. Bivariate analysis, which used a chi-square test (p-value <0.05), and multivariate analysis, which used a logistic regression test, were performed to determine risk factors most associated with TB incidence. Results: Low income (p-value=0.015;OR=6.923;95%CI=1.285-37.287), high TB-related stigma (p-value=0.033;OR=3.852;95%CI=1.086-13.661), insufficient TB knowledge (p-value =0.033;OR=3.852;95%CI=1.086-13.661), food insecurity (p-value=0.006;OR=5.950;95%CI=1.586-22.328), lack of preventative measures (p-value=0.015;OR=4.667;95%CI=1.299-16.761), history of contact with TB patients (p-value =0.039;OR=7.875;95%CI=0.860-72.122), and presence of comorbidities (p-value =0.031;OR=5.714;95%CI=1.051-31.072) were significantly associated with TB incidence. Comorbidities emerged as the strongest risk factor (p-value =0.020; OR=12.141;95%CI=1.486-99.231). Conclusion: This study highlights several major factors influencing TB incidence, including social, behavioral, and biological determinants. The findings suggest that effective TB control strategies should address socioeconomic conditions, promote healthy lifestyles, and involve community leaders and TB survivors in educational campaigns, stigma reduction, and early diagnosis efforts. Understanding these health determinants can inform more targeted public policies for curbing TB incidence.
Cadre Role and Performance in Preventing Stunting in Dolo, Central Sulawesi Revi Ekasetya Pratiwi; Eka Diah Kartiningrum; Rifaatul Laila Mahmudah
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 3: NOVEMBER 2025
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v5i3.6051

Abstract

Introduction: Indonesia has the highest rate of stunting among toddlers in Southeast Asia, with a prevalence of 31.0%. A 2022 survey on nutritional status conducted across 33 Indonesian provinces ranked Central Sulawesi 6th highest for stunting, at 28.2%. Within 13 regencies/cities in Central Sulawesi province, Sigi regency had the highest stunting rate, reaching 36.8% among toddlers. Data from the Dolo Community Health Center showed a local prevalence of stunting at 14.7% in 2022. This figure remains high compared to the government's annual standard of 3.8%. The Community Health Worker program in 12 countries prevents stunting by providing nutrition education, monitoring child growth, promoting exclusive breastfeeding, and distributing additional foods and supplements. As the main pillars for improving public health, cadres are crucial in preventing stunting. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the role and performance of cadres in preventing stunting in the Dolo, Central Sulawesi. Methods: A qualitative case study design was adopted from March to July 2024 in Dolo, Central Sulawesi. Furthermore, 15 informants were selected by purposive sampling, including three key informants, seven primary informants, and five additional informants. Data collection involved participant observation, in-depth interviews, documentation, and focus group discussions. Analysis followed three steps: reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. Ethical approval was received from Majapahit Health Sciences College, Number: 04 /EC-SM/2024. Results: The results showed that stunting cadres in the Dolo, Central Sulawesi, effectively fulfilled their role and responsibilities across various stages of intervention. However, several challenges were identified, including limitations in conducting home visits. Conclusion: Cadre performance in Dolo requires a comprehensive approach, namely setting a minimum standard for each cadre's frequency of home visits. Stakeholders provide refresher training every six months and conduct periodic evaluations of cadre effectiveness.
Plant-Based Bioinsecticide for Controlling Houseflies (Musca domestica): Efficacy of Leaf Extracts Budiman, Budiman; Hamidah, Hamidah; Nur Afifah; Munir Munir; Miswan Miswan; Zhanaz Tasya
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 3: NOVEMBER 2025
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v5i3.6237

Abstract

Introduction: One of the vectors of disease spread is flies. House flies (Musca domestica) are often found alive in almost all types of environments. Several previous studies have shown that pandanus leaves (Pandanus amaryllifolius), basil leaves (Ocimum sanctum), and bay leaves (Syzygium polyanthum) contain active compounds that are toxic to insects, but no one has compared the effectiveness of the four types of plants. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of administering extracts from various plant leaves as a bioinsecticide for houseflies (Musca domestica). Methods: This type of research is experimental using a completely randomized design with 6 treatments. The treatment consisted of administering Pandan Leaf extract (Pandanus amaryllifolius), Basil Leaf extract (Ocimum sanctum) and Laurel Leaf extract (Syzygium polyanthum) each with a concentration of 5 ml, 10 ml and 15 ml and using a control for comparison. Observations were carried out for 24 hours observing the number of dead flies. Results: The results of this study indicate that pandan leaf extract (Pandanus amaryllifolius), basil leaf extract (Ocimum sanctum), and bay leaf extract (Syzygium polyanthum) are effective in killing houseflies (Musca domestica). The most effective concentration being 15 ml. Research Implications: This research demonstrates that the use of natural bioinsecticides from plant extracts can control the population of house flies (Musca domestica) so that the risk of disease transmission in the community can be significantly minimized Conclusion: Pandan leaf extract (Pandanus amaryllifolius), basil leaf extract (Ocimum sanctum) and bay leaf extract (Syzygium polyanthum) can be used as natural alternative ingredients to exterminate houseflies (Musca domestica) Limitations of the research: This research did not control environmental conditions such as sunlight, temperature, and humidity. Other than that, neither the effects on fly resistance nor the effects on non-target organisms have been studied. Recommendations for Future Research: It is hoped that future research can examine the effects of fly resistance and killing on non-target organisms and control environmental conditions.
Stunting in Toddlers: Exploring Multiple Factors Through a Case Control Study Wartana, I Kadek; Kolupe, Veni Mornalita; Mutohharoh, Rizkya; Fajrah, Sitti
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 3: NOVEMBER 2025
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v5i3.6293

Abstract

Introduction: Stunting is a serious concern for children globally, including in Indonesia, often caused by ongoing malnutrition problems. There are numerous factors associated with stunting. This research aims to analysed multiple factors related to stunting in toddlers. Methods: This research utilized a case-control approach. The research was conducted in the Marawola District from Juni to August 2024. A group of 128 toddlers were part of the study, with half of them classified as cases and the remaining half as controls. Variables in this research included maternal characteristics (education, occupation), toilet ownership, exclusive breastfeeding practice, complete immunization, and stunting. Data was collected using questionnaires and direct measurements (anthropometry). Data analysis involved univariate and bivariate analysis using the chi-square test, as well as multivariate analysis using linear regression with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: The results from the research were indicated a strong correlation between education (p = 0.038), exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.012), and complete immunization (p = 0.008) with the occurrence of stunting. In particular, it was identified that complete immunization has the highest impact on stunting compared to the others variables studied. Conclusion: A significant association was observed between education, exclusive breastfeeding, complete immunization, and the likelihood of stunting in toddlers. It is crucial to introduce targeted interventions that prioritize the provorsion of proper nutrition, education, and enhanced healthcare accessibility to reduce the prevalence of stunting among toddlers.
The Correlation Between Vaginal Hygiene Practices and the Prevalence of Fluor Albus Among Pregnant Women at Tamangapa Health Center Sartika, Sartika; Haruna, Nadyah; Setiawati, Dewi; Rahim, Rosdianah; Fatmawati, Fatmawati
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 3: NOVEMBER 2025
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v5i3.6295

Abstract

Introduction: Flour albus, or vaginal discharge, affects reproductive health globally, including in Indonesia. It may be physiological or pathological, indicating an infection or another health issue. Pregnancy hormones increase the risk of flour albus; therefore, vaginal hygiene is crucial. However, many pregnant women lack information on hygiene, increasing their risk of pathological disorders. This study investigates the association between vaginal hygiene and flour albus in pregnant women undergoing ANC at Tamangapa Health Centre, a topic that has been rarely studied. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design using a quantitative approach. A total of 52 pregnant women in their second and third trimesters were recruited through incidental sampling during ANC visits. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained prior to data collection. Data were gathered through questionnaires and vaginal discharge examinations. Analyses included univariate, bivariate, and multivariate methods, with the Mann-Whitney Test used for statistical significance. Results: The findings revealed that 37 respondents experienced physiological fluor albus despite adhering to appropriate vaginal hygiene practices. Statistical analysis showed a significant correlation between vaginal hygiene and the type of fluor albus, with a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.005). Conclusion: The study stresses the need for vaginal hygiene in pregnant women to prevent pathological leukorrhea. Vaginal care education reduces complaints and improves reproductive health. This research has major implications for public health policy, particularly in prenatal care, to raise awareness and improve hygiene. It can also help build community-based preventive programs and integrate vaginal hygiene education into antenatal care to lower reproductive health risks.
The Impact of Stress Management Training on Reducing Stress Levels in Adolescents at the Mamuju Detention Center Pulungan, Zulhaini Sartika A.; Edi Purnomo; Hamid, Achir Yani S.
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 3: NOVEMBER 2025
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v5i3.6379

Abstract

Introduction: Teenagers in detention centres often experience high levels of stress due to loss of freedom, an uncertain future, and social stigma. This study aims to determine the effect of stress management training on the stress level of adolescent inmates in detention centres. Methods: Quasi-experimental research with pre-post test with control group design. The study sample was 72, divided into intervention and control groups of 36. Purposive sampling technique. Stress management training was conducted in 8 sessions. Instrument used: Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 42. Data analysis with paired t-test and independent t-test. Results: The average age of respondents in the control group was 20.42 years, and the intervention group was 19.94 years. All respondents were male. The last education of the majority of respondents was high school; the control group was 55.6%, while the intervention was 69.4%. Most jobs before entering the prison were self-employed; the control group was 47.2%, while the intervention was 55.6%. Most cases were narcotics; the control group was 44.4%, while the intervention was 41.7%. The average length of stay in the detention centre in the control group was 2.69 months, while the intervention group was 2.61 months. There was a significant difference in reduced stress levels between the intervention and control groups (p = 0.002; d = 0,75). Conclusion: Stress management training lowers stress levels in adolescents in Rutan. These findings open up an excellent opportunity to develop more holistic rehabilitation programs that focus on the recovery and self-development of juvenile inmates. To maximize the positive impact of the study's findings, the researchers recommend that correctional institutions integrate stress management training programs into existing rehabilitation programs.
Hospital Size and Cybersecurity Practices: Evaluating Nurses' Awareness in Indonesia Irwandy, Irwandy; Ady Mangilep, Adelia U.; Anggraeni, Rini; Noor, Noer Bahry; Niartiningsih, Andi; Latifah, Nur; Bari’ah, Andi Azisah
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 3: NOVEMBER 2025
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v5i3.6412

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding cybersecurity in healthcare settings, focusing on variations across hospitals of different sizes. Cybersecurity is critical in the digitalization of healthcare, yet gaps in awareness and training persist, particularly in developing countries. With increasing cyber threats targeting healthcare institutions globally, this study seeks to address the underexplored role of nurses in safeguarding hospital information systems. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in three government hospitals in Makassar, Indonesia, from [start month/year] to [end month/year]. A total of 331 nurses participated, representing hospitals of varying organizational sizes and bed capacities. Data were collected using structured questionnaires, assessing KAP related to cybersecurity. Ethical approval was obtained from [name of ethics committee], and written informed consent was secured from all participants. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: The study revealed significant gaps in nurses' cybersecurity knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Awareness of hospital cybersecurity policies was low (43.2%), particularly in larger hospitals. Hospital 3, the smallest, exhibited higher awareness (59.0%) compared to Hospital 1 (35.8%) and Hospital 2 (39.6%) (p = 0.03). Risky behaviours, such as using personal devices for sensitive data transfer, were prevalent (77.0%), with the highest incidence in larger hospitals. Statistical analyses confirmed significant variations in cybersecurity KAP based on hospital size and organizational complexity. Conclusion: This study highlights the critical need for targeted cybersecurity training programs, particularly for nursing staff in larger hospitals, through raising awareness of social engineering attacks, email scams, and infection detection. By addressing gaps in awareness and practices, hospitals can enhance data protection and mitigate risks. Future research should explore tailored interventions and organizational factors influencing cybersecurity in healthcare systems to inform global health policies.
Factors Influencing the Utilization of the Mobile JKN Health Application in Indonesia Rahmadani, Suci; Feisha, Alifa Lulu; Palutturi, Sukri; Balqis, Balqis; Abadi, Muh. Yusri
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 3: NOVEMBER 2025
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v5i3.6438

Abstract

Introduction: The Indonesian Health Social Security Administering Agency (BPJS) has developed an information technology-based service, Mobile JKN, which can be accessed via smartphone. This application can make obtaining program services easier for National Health Insurance participants. However, utilization of the Mobile JKN application is still lacking; only 6.8% of National Health Insurance Participants in Ternate City use this application. This research aims to determine the factors related to using the Mobile JKN application at BPJS Health in Ternate City. Methods: This type of research is quantitative, using an analytical survey method and a cross-sectional study. A sample of 265 was obtained by chance through direct interviews and online questionnaires on Google Forms. Univariate data analysis with frequency distribution and bivariate analysis using Fisher's exact test. Results: The research found a relationship between system quality (p=0.001), information quality (p=0.000), service quality (p=0.000), user satisfaction (p=0.000), and net benefits (p=0.000) with the use of the Mobile JKN application. These findings highlight the critical role of technical and user experience factors in driving app adoption. Conclusion: All research variables were related to using the Mobile JKN application. The information system for the Mobile JKN application must be developed to be more easily accessible to all groups of society. To improve utilization, efforts should focus on enhancing accessibility, user-friendliness, and digital literacy, especially for underserved populations. Strengthening infrastructure and nationwide awareness campaigns can further drive adoption. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and serve as a model for similar digital health initiatives globally.

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