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International Journal of Renewable Energy Development
Published by Center of Biomass and Renewable Energy
ISSN : 22524940     EISSN : 27164519     DOI : https://doi.org/10.61435/ijred.xxx.xxx
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering
The International Journal of Renewable Energy Development - (Int. J. Renew. Energy Dev.; p-ISSN: 2252-4940; e-ISSN:2716-4519) is an open access and peer-reviewed journal co-published by Center of Biomass and Renewable Energy (CBIORE) that aims to promote renewable energy researches and developments, and it provides a link between scientists, engineers, economist, societies and other practitioners. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development is currently being indexed in Scopus database and has a listing and ranking in the SJR (SCImago Journal and Country Rank), ESCI (Clarivate Analytics), CNKI Scholar as well as accredited in SINTA 1 (First grade category journal) by The Directorate General of Higher Education, The Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology, The Republic of Indonesia under a decree No 200/M/KPT/2020. The scope of journal encompasses: Photovoltaic technology, Solar thermal applications, Biomass and Bioenergy, Wind energy technology, Material science and technology, Low energy architecture, Geothermal energy, Wave and tidal energy, Hydro power, Hydrogen production technology, Energy policy, Socio-economic on energy, Energy efficiency, planning and management, Life cycle assessment. The journal also welcomes papers on other related topics provided that such topics are within the context of the broader multi-disciplinary scope of developments of renewable energy.
Arjuna Subject : Energi (semua kategori) - Energi Terbarukan, Keberlanjutan dan Lingkungan
Articles 14 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 9, No 2 (2020): July 2020" : 14 Documents clear
Generating Organic Liquid Products from Catalytic Cracking of Used Cooking Oil over Mechanically Mixed Catalysts Khajornsak Onlamnao; Sanphawat Phromphithak; Nakorn Tippayawong
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 9, No 2 (2020): July 2020
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.9.2.159-166

Abstract

Used cooking oil is unsuitable to use again in the food process, but it may be harnessed as raw material in biofuel production. In this work, used palm oil was reactedvia cracking over mechanically mixed catalystsbetween ZSM-5 and Y-Re-16to generate organic liquid products (OLP). The catalysts used were known for highacidity and lowcost for decomposition, degradation,and deoxygenation of triglycerides. The cracking experiments were conducted in a flow reactor. The experimental variables included reaction temperature between 300-500°C, catalyst loading between 5-20 % w/w, and ratio of mixed catalyst between ZSM-5 and Y-Re-16 from 0-100 % w/w. They were setvia response surface methodology and central composite design of experiments. Both catalysts showed good cracking reaction. The optimum condition for generating the OLP of about 85 % w/w was found at 300°C, 5 % catalyst loading, 97 % ratio of mixed catalyst. The OLPs with different short-chain hydrocarbons between C7-C21 were identified. The main components were 71.43% of diesel, 12.11% of gasoline, and 8.95% of kerosene-like components.
Optimizing the Synthesis of Lignin Derivatives from Acacia mangium to Improve the Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Kraft Pulp Sorghum Bagasse Widya Fatriasari; Fajar Nur Hamzah; Bagas Ikhasan Pratomo; Triyani Fajriutami; Riksfardini Annisa Ermawar; Faizatul Falah; Raden Permana Budi Laksana; Muhammad Ghozali; Apri Heri Iswanto; Euis Hermiati; Ina Winarni
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 9, No 2 (2020): July 2020
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.9.2.227-235

Abstract

The present study is aimed at optimizing the synthesis of Amphipilic lignin derivatives (A-LD) from the isolated lignin of A.mangium black liquor (BL), using the one and two step acid isolation method, and commercial lignin (LS) was used as comparison. The experimental design was conducted using Taguchi method, which consisted of four parameters and two level factors, with reference to the matrix orthogonal array, L8, including temperature, reaction time, amount of polyethylene glycol diglycidylethers (PEGDE) and Kraft lignin (KL). Furthermore, the kraft pulp of sweet sorghum bagasse (SSB) was used as substrate in the enzymatic hydrolysis (NREL method), with addition of A-LD, whose functional group and surface tension were then characterised using ATR-FTIR and surface tension equipment. Conversely, an improvement in the reducing sugar yield (RSY) compared to the control was observed after adding various A-LDs to the substrate during enzymatic hydrolysis. This product was more prospective for L2S than others products under milder circumstances, due to the fact that it possesses the lowest surface tension. Also, Taguchi analysis demonstrated the treatment at 60 °C for 1 h with 3.0 g and 1.0 g of PEDGE and lignin, respectively as the optimum condition, while the amount of lignin present was included as a factor with the propensity to significantly affect A-LD L1S and LS. Therefore, it was established that the A-LDs from A. mangium kraft lignin require milder synthesis conditions, compared to other existing methods and despite the differences in optimum experimental condition for L2S and LS, the functional groups in the IR spectra possessed very identical characteristics. 
Remote Sensing Satellite Imagery and In-Situ Data for Identifying Geothermal Potential Sites: Jaboi, Indonesia Muhammad Isa; Dwiky Pobri Cesarian; Ismail Ahmad Abir; Elin Yusibani; Muhammad Syukri Surbakti; Muksin Umar
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 9, No 2 (2020): July 2020
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.9.2.237-245

Abstract

Remote sensing makes it possible to map potential geothermal site for a large area effectively using thermal infrared. The purpose of the present research is to overlay ground temperature, resistivity and satellite retrieved temperature in identifying geothermal potential site in Jaboi, Sabang-Indonesia. The data of acquisition of the DEM imagery was January 3rd, 2009 and the Landsat 8 imagery is July 18th, 2017. The satellite data were applied to extract the land surface temperature and land classification across. Two supporting data in situ were used to validate the results from remote sensing. First dataset was ground temperature measurements with total 114 points and second dataset was vertical electrical sounding (VES) with total of 51 points. Satellite, VES and ground temperature data were processed and analysed using the Envi 5.3, PCI Geomatica 2016 and ArcMap 10.4. The results from each data were integrated to produce a map shows geothermal potential. Its integration produced four areas which were considered to have high geothermal potential. However, these areas vary in term of the clustering of the features of interest, for example lineament and drainage density of the area, high temperature in the surface area, fault existence and low resistivity subsurface. All the features must take into consideration to rank potential area which has higher potential. Finally, a map of geothermal potential across were successfully created as an insight for future reference. 
Optimization of PV/T Solar Water Collector based on Fuzzy Logic Control Omer K Ahmed; Raid W Daoud; Shaimaa M Bawa; Ahmed H Ahmed
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 9, No 2 (2020): July 2020
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.9.2.303-310

Abstract

Hybrid solar collector (PV/T) is designed to produce electricity, hot water, or hot air at the same time as they operate solar cells and solar heaters in one system. This system is designed to increase the electrical efficiency of solar cells by absorbing heat from these cells. The fuzzy logic (FL) is a tool usually used to optimize the operation of the systems. In this paper, the FL is to monitor and correct the mainsystem parameters to remain optimization efficiency at a better level. Three affected variables were studied: Effect of reflective mirrors, the effect of the glass cover, and the effect of the lower reflector angle on the performance of the PV / T hybrid solar system. These three parameters are traveled to be inputs for the FL, and the PV temperature in addition to system efficiency is the output for it. The effect of solar radiation was found to have a great effect on the efficiency of the hybrid solar collector. The thermal efficiency was 82% for the given value of the PV and mirrors, while the efficiency down to 50 for another angle. By using the artificial intelligent the system behavior depends on its output, which called feedback close loop control, at a real-time process that optimizes the system efficiency and its output. 
Numerical Analysis of Energy Converter for Wave Energy Power Generation-Pendulum System Jamrud Aminuddin; Mukhtar Effendi; Nurhayati Nurhayati; Agustina Widiyani; Pakhrur Razi; Wihantoro Wihantoro; Abdullah Nur Aziz; R Farzand Abdullatif; Sunardi Sunardi; Bilalodin Bilalodin; A Arifin
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 9, No 2 (2020): July 2020
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.9.2.255-261

Abstract

The wave energy power generation-pendulum system (WEPG-PS) is a four-wheeled instrument designed to convert wave power into electric energy. The first wheel is connected to the pendulum by a double freewheel, the second and third are ordinary wheels, while the fourth is a converter component that is axially connected to the electric generator. This design used the Euler-Lagrange formalism and Runge-Kutta method to examine an ideal dimension and determine the numerical solution of the equation of motion related to the rotation speed of the wheels. The result showed that the WEPG-PS' converter system rotated properly when its mass, length, and moment of inertia are 10 kg, 2.0 m, and 0.25 kgm2, respectively. This is in addition to when the radius of the first, second, third, and fourth wheels are 0.5, 0.4, 0.2, and 0.01 m, with inertia values of 0.005, 0.004, 0.003, and 0.1 kgm2. The converter system has the ability to rotate the fourth wheel, which acts as the handle of an electric generator at an angular frequency of approximately 500 - 600 rad/s. The converter system is optimally rotated when driven by a minimum force of 5 N and maximum friction of 0.05. Therefore, the system is used to generate electricity at an amplitude of 0.3 - 0.61 m, 220 V with 50 Hz. Besides, the lower rotation speed and frequency of the energy converter of the WEPG-PS (300 rad/s) and induction generator (50 Hz) were able to generate electric power of 7.5 kW. 
Evaluation of the Wind Potential and Optimal Design of a Wind Farm in The Arzew Industrial Zone in Western Algeria Salah Marih; Leila Ghomri; Benaissa Bekkouche
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 9, No 2 (2020): July 2020
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.9.2.177-187

Abstract

This work presents an assessment of the wind potential and a design methodology for a 10 MW wind farm in the Arzew industrial region, located in northwest Algeria, to improve the quality of service of the electricity grid and increase Algeria's participation in the use of renewable energy. The hourly wind data of 10 years (2005-2015) that correspond to the wind potential of the site were analyzed, such as: dominant wind directions, probability distribution, Weibull parameters, mean wind speed and power potential. The site has a mean annual wind speed of 4.46 m/s at 10m height, and enough space to locate the wind turbines. A comparative study was carried out between four wind turbine technologies to improve the site's efficiency and select the appropriate technology: PowerWind 56/ 900 kW, Nordex N50/800 kW, Vestas V50/850 kW, NEG-Micon 44/750 kW. The estimate of the energy produced using WAsP software and the choice of the optimal architectural configuration for wind turbines installation was confirmed. A techno-economic and environmental study was carried out by HOMER software, to choose the model that produces the maximum annual net energy with a competitive cost in the global wind energy market, $ 0.068/kWh, and that provides clean energy with a reduced emission of polluting gases. Finally, this work provides a good indicator for the construction of a wind farm in Arzew. 
Bioethanol Production from Sugarcane Bagasse Using Neurospora intermedia in an Airlift Bioreactor Elvi Restiawaty; Kindi Pyta Gani; Arinta Dewi; Linea Alfa Arina; Katarina Ika Kurniawati; Yogi Wibisono Budhi; Akhmaloka Akhmaloka
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 9, No 2 (2020): July 2020
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.9.2.247-253

Abstract

Bagasse as solid waste in sugarcane industry can be utilized as one of the potential raw materials in the bioprocess industry. This research aims to investigate the conversion of bagasse to bioethanol using simultaneous saccharification and fermentation in an airlift bioreactor. Neurospora intermedia was used as a biological agent that carried out the saccharification and fermentation of sugarcane bagasse simultaneously for bioethanol production. Cell morphology of N. intermedia in the form of pellet was required to provide free movement in the axial flow of airlift bioreactor. The medium pH strongly affects the morphological shape of N. intermedia. Therefore, the formation of good pellets of inoculum was observed under acidic conditions, i.e. pH 3.0 – 3.5. The effect of the initial concentration of nutrient on the inoculum growth was also investigated. Inoculums cultured in potato dextrose broth (PDB) medium with a half the strength of the common nutrient concentration of PDB qualitatively indicated good growth in terms of the size and density of cells. The inoculums with good morphological form were fed into the airlift bioreactor, which already contained a liquid medium with initial pH of 3.5 and also contained pre-treated bagasse. In experiments using the airlift bioreactor, the pre-treated bagasse was added to various nutrient concentrations of the PDB infusion medium. The highest bioethanol production from bagasse was monitored in the medium culture of half strength PDB infusion. The yield of bioethanol obtained from total sugarcane bagasse and PDB in an air lift bioreactor achieved approximately 40%, which has an infusion medium with a half-strength PDB and initial pH of 3.0. 
Thermodynamic Study of Palm Kernel Shell Gasification for Aggregate Heating in an Asphalt Mixing Plant Firman Asto Putro; Sunu Herwi Pranolo; Joko Waluyo; Ary Setyawan
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 9, No 2 (2020): July 2020
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.9.2.311-317

Abstract

This study evaluated thermodynamically the performance of conversion of palm kernel shells into combustible gas through gasification technology for aggregate heating in a hot-mixed asphalt production plant by developing a thermodynamic model using licensed Aspen Plus v.11 software. The effects of the equivalence ratio (ER) in the gasification process and the amount of combustion air to combustible gas to attain the required aggregate temperature were investigated. The thermodynamic model showed a good agreement with the experimental results based H2 and CO contain in producer gas which provided by maximum root mean square errors value of 8.82 and 6.42 respectively. Gasification of 30–35 kg of palm kernel shells in a fixed-bed gasifier reactor using air as a gasifying agent at an ER of 0.325–0.350 generated gaseous fuel for heating 1 ton of aggregate to a temperature of 180–200°C with combustion excess air 10%–20%. 
Control Strategy of Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid in Standalone Mode Nabil Qachchachi; Hassane Mahmoudi; Abdennebi El Hassnaoui
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 9, No 2 (2020): July 2020
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.9.2.295-301

Abstract

The fluctuation of production of renewable energy resources (RESs) is a big problem for its installation and integration in isolated residential buildings. A hybrid AC/DC microgrid facilitates the good operation of RESs with a storage system in standalone mode and the possibilities of smart energy management. In this paper optimization research of the hybrid ac/dc microgrid in isolated mode of operation is presented. The power system is supplied by various Renewable Energy Resources (RESs), Photovoltaic arrays (PVA), a Wind Turbine Generator (WTG), Diesel Generator (DG) and supported by Batteries Storage System (BSS) for short term storage. The main objective of this study is to optimize power flow within a hybrid ac/dc microgrid with regards to reliability in islanded mode. First a mathematical model optimized by mixed integer linear programming and solved by CPLEX solver with JAVA language is developed for an islanded RES system and then, based on the developed model, the power system control is simulated for different cases of off-grid mode. Simulation results have shown that the management strategy can maintain power balancing while performing optimized control and give a controllable loads and batteries charging/discharging powers, even with unpredictability of RESs powers outputs and arbitrary energy tariffs. Finally, the proposed algorithm respects the optimization in real-time operation under various constraints.%.
Investigation of Electrochemical, Thermal and Electrical Performance of 3D Lithium-Ion Battery Module in a High -Temperature Environment Snigdha Sharma; Amrish Kumar Panwar; Madan Mohan Tripathi
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 9, No 2 (2020): July 2020
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.9.2.151-157

Abstract

In the present time, the rechargeable lithium-ion battery is being commercialized to meet the sustained market’s demands. To design a more reliable, safe, and efficient Li-ion battery, a 3-D simulation study has been presented in this paper. In this study, a lithium-ion coin-cell is proposed which has LiFePO4 as a positive electrode with a thickness of 1.76 µm, carbon as a negative electrode with a thickness of 2.50 µm and Celgard 2400 polypropylene sheet as a separator between the electrodes with a thickness of 2 µm. The proposed Li-ion battery has been designed, analyzed, and optimized with the help of Multiphysics software. The simulation study has been performed to analyze the electrochemical properties such as cyclic voltammetry (CV) and impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Moreover, the electrical and thermal properties at the microscopic level are investigated and optimized in terms of surface potential distribution, the concentration of electrolyte, open circuit, and surface temperature with respect to time. It has been noticed that the peak voltage, 3.45 V is observed as the temperature distribution on the surface varies from 0 OC to 80 OC at a microscopic scale with different C-rates. The analysis of simulation results indicates a smoother electrode surface with uniform electrical and thermal properties distribution resulting in improved reliability of the battery. The performed simulation and optimization are helpful to achieve control over battery performance and safe usage without any degradation of the environment.

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