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Global Forest Journal (GFJ) Faculty of Forestry Universitas Sumatera Utara, Kampus 2 USU Bekala, Deli Serdang, Sumatera Utara, 20353, Indonesia Email: gfj@usu.ac.id
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Global Forest Journal
Published by Universitas Sumatera Utara
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30249309     DOI : 10.32734
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Global Forest Journal (GFJ) is an international peer-reviewed biannual journal (January and July) published by TALENTA Publisher, Universitas Sumatera Utara and managed by Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Sumatera Utara. It is dedicated to interchange for the articles of high-quality research in the field of forestry including Forest Management, Sylviculture, Forest Conservation, Wood Sciences and Technology. The journal publishes state-of-art scientific articles in fundamental theory, experiments and simulation, as well as applications, with a systematic proposed method, sufficient review on previous works, expanded discussion and concise conclusion. As our commitment to the advancement of science and technology, the Global Forest Journal (GFJ) follows the open access policy that allows the published articles freely available online without any subscription. Global Forest Journal (GFJ) provides a forum for publishing the full research articles and review articles in the field of forestry and natural resources related to forestry science from the following subject areas: Forest Management Sylviculture Forest Conservation Wood Sciences And Technology
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Kehutanan
Articles 60 Documents
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Uncertainties of forest resources as enhanced by uncontrolled anthropogenic activities in rural Tanzania: A case of Kigosi Forest in Bukombe district Julius Nyaombo
Global Forest Journal. Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Global Forest Journal
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/gfj.v4i1.24323

Abstract

The study assessed the influence of anthropogenic activities on forest resources in Bukombe District, Tanzania. The study used a cross-sectional design and opted for a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative and qualitative methods. Data were collected through household questionnaires and interviews, and quantitative data were analysed using SPSS, while qualitative data were analysed through content analysis. The study found that some human activities degrade forests, including logging, charcoal production, firewood collection, mining, and agricultural activities, resulting in forest ecosystem deterioration, reduced ecosystem services, land degradation, and species extinction. Furthermore, the study recommended potential forest restoration practices, including afforestation, reforestation, the use of alternative sources of energy, and alternative income-generating activities with less dependence on forest resources
Assessing residential land cover dynamics in Medan Deli Sub-district, Medan City from 2014 to 2024 using GIS technology Syahru Ramadhan; Rahmawaty; Abdul Rauf; Siti Aekbal Salleh; Mohd Hasmadi Ismail; Agus Purwoko; Razali; Suranto
Global Forest Journal. Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Global Forest Journal
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/gfj.v4i2.22160

Abstract

Urban growth in Medan Deli Sub-district has intensified demand for settlement land and increased pressure on remaining non-built-up land. This study quantified settlement land cover dynamics in 2014, 2019, and 2024 using Landsat 8 Collection 2 surface reflectance imagery processed in Google Earth Engine and GIS-based post-classification comparison. Seven land cover classes were interpreted: water body, mixed garden, open land, mangrove, settlement, shrubs, and pond. The settlement class remained dominant in all observation years and increased from 1,443.67 ha (74.27%) in 2014 to 1,446.04 ha (74.39%) in 2019 and 1,505.77 ha (77.46%) in 2024. The net settlement expansion during 2014-2024 was 62.10 ha, with the largest gross conversions to settlement originating from open land (114.43 ha), mixed garden (46.65 ha), shrubs (16.96 ha), mangrove (4.29 ha), pond (1.52 ha), and water body (1.17 ha). The change matrix also shows that 122.93 ha of land classified as settlement in 2014 shifted to other classes by 2024, indicating heterogeneous urban land-cover dynamics rather than one-directional expansion alone. These results highlight the need to limit settlement growth, protect green and water-sensitive areas, and incorporate remote-sensing-based monitoring into urban spatial planning in coastal Medan
Valorization of coffee parchment waste from agroforestry systems via downdraft gasification for renewable syngas production Gusti Wijaya; Bugae Park; Bainah Sari Dewi; Wahyu Hidayat
Global Forest Journal. Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Global Forest Journal
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/gfj.v4i2.24979

Abstract

Coffee-based agroforestry systems generate large quantities of coffee parchment, which is commonly underutilized and becomes waste after processing. To date, there is no information regarding its effective utilization. Therefore, to improve its quality and increase its economic value, the production of renewable syngas through gasification is a promising approach. Gasification experiments were conducted using a downdraft gasifier reactor. Syngas composition was measured using a Portable Infrared Syngas Analyzer.  Moisture content (MC) and proximate analysis (including volatile matter (VM), ash content (AC), and fixed carbon (FC), of both biomass and gasification solid by-products in the form of biochar were performed. The syngas composition of coffee parchment consisted of 4.95% CO, 5.81% CO₂, 0.56% CH₄, 4.24% H₂, and 13.19% O₂. The LHV of the produced syngas ranged from 256.15 to 417.19 kcal/m³ during the gasification process. The MC, VM, AC, and FC of coffee parchment were 14.85%, 11.94%, 4.85%, and 83.21%, whereas those of the solid by-product were 26.85%, 8.63%, 6.81%, and 84.56%, respectively. The relatively high fixed carbon content indicates that coffee parchment has promising characteristics as a solid bioenergy feedstock. However, the dominance of oxygen in the syngas composition suggests that airflow conditions in the gasifier were unstable, affecting the quality of the produced gas. In conclusion, coffee parchment waste from agroforestry systems has potential as a renewable energy resource, although optimization of gasification operating conditions is required to improve syngas quality and energy efficiency
The influence of online bamboo product marketing strategy on consumer buying interest Hafizah Arinah; Muhammad Dimas; Iwan Risnasari; Evalina Herawati; Alisyah Madani; Wahyu Andayani
Global Forest Journal. Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Global Forest Journal
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/gfj.v4i2.25146

Abstract

Compared with the large literature on generic e-commerce goods, research on how online marketing strategy shapes consumer interest in traditional non-timber forest products (NTFPs) is thin. Bamboo ulos bags illustrate the gap well: they combine everyday functionality with cultural and local wisdom, so consumers may not respond to their online marketing the same way they do to mass-market products. That is the question this study tests. The study examines the effect of online marketing strategy on purchase interest at Etnobambu Craft, an online store in North Sumatra, Indonesia that sells bamboo ulos bags. It uses an associative-descriptive design and covers the store's full population of 20 customers who bought a bag between August and September 2024, via census sampling. Data collection relied on a five-point Likert questionnaire adapted from established digital marketing mix and purchase intention indicators. The analysis was conducted using SPSS 25, which included several tests: the Pearson product-moment correlation test, Cronbach's alpha for reliability, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test, and a simple linear regression model. From the data analysis, it is known that the online marketing strategy received an average score of 77.8 and a purchase interest score of 76.4, both in the "good" category. The results of the simple linear regression model analysis are significant from the marketing strategy to purchase interest (p = 0.000 < 0.05; Y = 38.200 + 1.000X). Therefore, social media promotions, discounts, and free shipping are the most important and beneficial strategies for forest product-based SMEs seeking to drive purchase interest in bamboo-based craft products through online marketing
Floristic diversity of dipterocarpaceae in the Sungai Harapan Protected Forest, Batam Island, Indonesia Enny Insusanty; Muhammad Hisyam; Azwin; Sri Rahayu Prastyaningsih
Global Forest Journal. Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Global Forest Journal
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/gfj.v4i2.25710

Abstract

The Dipterocarpaceae family plays an important role as a dominant component of lowland tropical rainforest ecosystems, particularly within the Sunda Shelf region, such as Batam Island, Indonesia. However, these species are increasingly threatened by anthropogenic activities, including deforestation and land-use conversion, underscoring the need for conservation efforts supported by scientific data. This study aimed to identify species of the Dipterocarpaceae family, analyze the Important Value Index (IVI), and determine species diversity and evenness. The research was conducted using an exploratory survey method with Systematic Sampling with Random Start across an area of 1.74 ha within the 87 ha Special Block Protected Forest. Primary data were collected from different growth stages, including seedlings, saplings, poles, and trees, along with measurements of temperature and humidity. Data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using the IVI, Shannon–Wiener diversity index, and evenness index. The results recorded 20 species across 6 genera (Cotylelobium, Dipterocarpus, Dryobalanops, Hopea, Shorea, and Vatica) from 44 plots, totaling 590 individuals. The number of individuals consisted of 228 seedlings, 172 saplings, 77 poles, and 113 trees. The highest IVI values were observed in Hopea beccariana Burck at the seedling (52.40%) and sapling (55.40%) stages, while Shorea curtisii Dyer ex King ssp. S. curtisii dominated the pole (103.68%) and tree (93.06%) stages. Shannon–Wiener diversity index values ranged from 1.81 to 2.05, indicating moderate diversity across all growth stages. Evenness index values ranged from 0.67 to 0.86, indicating high species evenness
Species composition, structure, and carbon stocks of coffee agroforestry systems in East Java, Indonesia Hamdi Hamdi; Moh Ardani; Lutfi Pramukyana; Dwika Nano Hariyanto; Ida Rosita; Yosie Syadza Kusuma
Global Forest Journal. Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Global Forest Journal
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/gfj.v4i2.25875

Abstract

Coffee agroforestry systems (CAF) offer an important opportunity to maintain agricultural productivity while enhancing ecosystem services by integrating shade trees and perennial crops. This study aimed to characterize vegetation composition and structure and to estimate carbon stocks in CAF in Panti District, Jember Regency, East Java. A total of 12 nested plots were established to assess vegetation composition, structure, and carbon stocks. The results showed that 17 species belonging to 13 families were identified. The highest Importance Value Index (IVI) at the seedling and sapling levels was Coffea canephora, while at the pole and tree levels, Hevea brasiliensis dominated. Species diversity (H′ = 0.60 1.77) and evenness (E = 0.50–0.81) increased from the seedling to tree stages. The regeneration structure and diameter class distribution of the stand exhibited an inverse J-shaped distribution pattern. The total carbon stock was 161.3 Mg C ha⁻¹, equivalent to 591.7 Mg CO₂e ha⁻¹. Shade-tree aboveground biomass represented the largest carbon pool (93.9 Mg C ha⁻¹; 58.2%), followed by soil organic carbon (36.2 Mg C ha⁻¹; 22.4%), while coffee shrubs accounted for only 8.2 Mg C ha⁻¹ (5.1%). These findings demonstrate that carbon accumulation in this CAF is predominantly biomass-driven rather than soil-driven.
Land-use change and human-elephant conflict in Sumatran Elephant Conservation Ari Iswandari; Gopinda Fernandes; Ade Mudaha Putra; Reza Fitra Nanda; Suranto; Rahmawaty
Global Forest Journal. Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Global Forest Journal
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/gfj.v4i2.25885

Abstract

This review aims to explore human-elephant conflict in the context of Sumatran elephant conservation, accounting for the impacts of land-use change and elephants' ability to move freely. The researchers used a method for identifying and selecting information from a large database, Scopus, which they accessed on May 16, 2026. They followed a series of steps to choose the studies, including checking document types and the content of the information, and arrived at 31 studies from different countries. They also used VOSviewer to visualize relationships among various topics. The main finding of this review is that human-elephant conflict is the most significant problem, and the key challenge is achieving peaceful coexistence. They saw that most of the information about this problem comes from India and China. There is not as much information from Indonesia and Sumatra. The review says the problem with Sumatran elephants is not that they raid crops, but how land is used and how the elephants can move. To help save the Sumatran elephants, it suggests people should use computer models to predict where problems will occur, study how the elephants move, and involve the local community in reporting problems and setting up warning systems.
Analysis of biophysical factors influencing nest site use by Sumatran orangutans (Pongo abelii) at the Ketambe Research Station, Gunung Leuser National Park Ulfa Hansri Ar Rasyid; Erdiansyah Rahmi; Intan Padang; Ryan Moulana; Durrah Hayati; Yosie Syadza Kusuma
Global Forest Journal. Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Global Forest Journal
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/gfj.v4i2.25911

Abstract

Nest-site use provides important insights into habitat quality and resource availability for Sumatran orangutans (Pongo abelii). This research investigated the biophysical characteristics of nesting habitats and evaluated the habitat variables associated with nest-site use at the Ketambe Research Station in Gunung Leuser National Park. Field data were collected using line transects and vegetation plots to document nest trees, food trees, and surrounding habitat characteristics. Vegetation composition was described, while multiple linear regression and Chi-square analyses were used to examine the relationships between habitat variables and nest occurrence. A total of 46 tree species (164 individuals) were recorded, with 64% identified as orangutan food trees. Multiple linear regression indicated that habitat biophysical factors significantly affected nest-site use (p = 0.006; R² = 0.583). Among these factors, only the distance to food trees was significantly associated with nest-site use (p = 0.023). The Chi-square test revealed a marginal association between nest occurrence and the presence of food trees (p = 0.087). These results indicate that proximity to food trees is the main factor influencing where orangutans build nests, underscoring the importance it maintaining food-tree resources for habitat management and conservation
Vegetation characteristics of Asian Tapir (Tapirus incidus) habitat in Way Kambas National Park Jane Shafira Widodo; Abdul Haris Mustari
Global Forest Journal. Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Global Forest Journal
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/gfj.v4i2.26053

Abstract

The Asian tapir (Tapirus indicus) is a protected, endemic species whose survival depends heavily on habitat conditions and quality. Way Kambas National Park is one of the important conservation areas in Sumatra. This study aims to quantify vegetation structure, species composition, potential food plant availability within Asian tapir habitats, and spatial distribution patterns of Asian tapir, conducted from January to February 2026. Data were collected through field observations and vegetation analysis. Vegetation analysis was conducted using 20 × 20 m line plots, totaling 50 plots. Asian tapir distribution data were obtained through line transect surveys and direct observations of signs such as footprints, feeding traces, feces, and wallows. The results indicate that Asian tapirs select habitats with high vegetation cover, abundant food availability, water sources, temperatures ranging from 27°C to 36°C, flat slopes (0–8%), and elevations of 25–50 masl. The spatial distribution of Asian tapirs forms a clustered pattern, as evidenced by 56 recorded signs of their activity. The findings also show a relationship between habitat characteristics and Asian tapir distribution, particularly the distance from water sources. Protecting secondary forests, maintaining food resources and water availability, and strengthening regular forest patrols are essential to support long-term Asian tapir conservation
Ethnobotanical exploration and vegetation analysis of medicinal plants in Makmur Village, Central Tapanuli Regency, Indonesia Anang Analdi Mario Saruksuk; Yunus Afifuddin
Global Forest Journal. Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Global Forest Journal
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/gfj.v4i2.26250

Abstract

Medicinal plants are a biological resource utilised by local communities as a source of traditional treatment. This research was conducted from January to March 2026 in the forest and land areas of Makmur Village, Pasaribu Tobing Subdistrict, Central Tapanuli Regency, to identify local community knowledge, the medicinal plant species used, and the diversity of those species. The research employed a descriptive method combining interviews with a vegetation analysis. The results show that the community continues to use medicinal plants in a manner passed down through generations. A total of 75 species of medicinal plants are used to treat around 22 health complaints and ailments. The plant part most commonly used is the leaf, accounting for 61.33%; boiling is the dominant processing method (60%), and oral consumption (drinking) is the most common method of use (65.33%). The vegetation analysis showed that the dominant species at the understorey/seedling level was hairy melastome (senduduk bulu, Clidemia hirta) with an Importance Value Index (IVI) of 29.08%; at the sapling level, jengkol (Archidendron pauciflorum) with an IVI of 17.85; at the pole level, mahang (Macaranga spp.) with an IVI of 44.10; and at the tree level, mahang with an IVI of 43.61. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H′) was 3.40 at the understorey/seedling level, 3.22 at the sapling level, 3.01 at the pole level, and 2.8 at the tree level, indicating a diversity level classified as moderate to high

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