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Atom Indonesia
Published by Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional
ISSN : 01261568     EISSN : 23565322     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Energy Physics
Atom Indonesia is dedicated to publishing and disseminating the results of research and development in nuclear science and technology. The scope of this journal covers experimental and analytical research in nuclear science and technology. The topics include nuclear physics, reactor physics, radioactive waste, fuel element, radioisotopes, radiopharmacy, radiation, and neutron scattering, as well as their utilization in agriculture, industry, health, environment, energy, material science and technology, and related fields.
Arjuna Subject : Fisika dan Astronomi - Fisika Nuklir dan Molekuler, dan Ooptik
Articles 99 Documents
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Cover Atom Indonesia Vol 52 No 1 Indonesia, Atom
Atom Indonesia Vol 52, No 1 (2026): APRIL 2026
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/aij.2026.1955

Abstract

Preface Atom Indonesia Vol 52 No 1 Indonesia, Atom
Atom Indonesia Vol 52, No 1 (2026): APRIL 2026
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/aij.2026.1956

Abstract

Comparison of Electron Density and Absorption Dose Values of Artificial Boluses as Tissue Substitutes D. R. Putri; F. K. Hentihu; R. J. Stevenly; E. R. Putri
Atom Indonesia Article In Press
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/aij.2026.1633

Abstract

According to the Skin Cancer Foundation (SCF), approximately 1.8 million new cases of Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) were reported globally in 2023. Radiotherapy remains a common treatment modality for SCC. However, delivering the maximum dose directly to the skin surface is often impeded by the skin-sparing effect of high-energy photon and electron beams. To overcome this limitation, a bolus, a tissue-equivalent material, is applied to bring the dose closer to the surface. This study aims to evaluate the electron density values derived from CT images and the absorbed doses of boluses fabricated from three different materials: resin Lycal 1079 (a propylene glycol-based compound), silicone rubber (polydimethylsiloxane), and plasticine (a mixture of stearate salt and glycerin). Dosimetric measurements were conducted using 6 MV photon beams and 12 MeV electron beams. Image analysis was performed using ImageJ and Matlab softwares. The irradiation setup employed a Source-to-Surface Distance (SSD) of 100 cm and a 10 × 10 cm² field size. Relative Electron Density (RED) values obtained from ImageJ for the resin and silicone rubber boluses were 1.007 and 1.188, respectively, while Matlab yielded RED values of 1.094 for resin and 1.194 for silicone rubber. For the plasticine bolus, both software tools produced a consistent RED value of 1.101. The findings indicate that beam energy has a significant impact on the absorbed dose at various phantom depths. Furthermore, all bolus materials increased the absorbed dose compared to setups without a bolus. Among the three materials, the resin bolus exhibited the most favorable characteristics, with a RED value closely approximating that of breast and skin tissue, highlighting its potential as an effective and economical tissue-equivalent bolus for clinical radiotherapy applications.
Effect of MoO3 on The Radiation Shielding Properties of Bismuth Boro-Tellurite Glass (B2O3-TeO2-Bi2O3-Li2O): Theoretical and Simulation Studies O. A. Putra; R. H. Asiah; H. Sutanto; S. Faniandari; E. B. Yutomo
Atom Indonesia Article In Press
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/aij.2026.1616

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of bismuth boro-tellurite glass modified with molybdenum oxide (MoO3) as a gamma-ray shielding material in the (50-x)B2O3-10TeO2-30Bi2O3-10Li2O-xMoO3 (x = 0, 4, 8, 12, and 16 mol%) glass system. Five designed compositions (x = 0-16 mol%) were evaluated over 0.01-15 MeV using XCOM (NIST) and Phy-X/PSD for derived shielding metrics. The calculation results from both programs agreed closely with a maximum difference of only 0.037%, confirming numerical consistency of MAC across tools. Estimated glass density increased with MoO3 content from 5.666 to 5.948 g/cm3 (BBTM1 to BBTM5), which raised LAC and improved thickness indicators. The results showed that at 0.05 MeV the highest LAC was recorded for BBTM5 (38.085 cm-1) compared with BBTM1-BBTM4 (35.364-37.409 cm-1), and at 1.00 MeV the HVL decreased from 1.789 cm (BBTM1) to 1.736 cm (BBTM5). Sample BBTM5, with the highest MoO3 concentration, consistently exhibited higher LAC and larger Zeff/Neff across energies, and a lower Transmission Factor (TF) across representative radioisotope energies (0.662-2.506 MeV), indicating superior gamma-ray shielding effectiveness.
Analysis of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy Dose Rate for Head and Neck Rhabdomyosarcoma Cancer in a 10-Year-Old Child Phantom E. Hidayanto; F. M. Salim; W. S. Budi; F. Arianto
Atom Indonesia Article In Press
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/aij.2026.1709

Abstract

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignant cancer that affects soft tissues and predominantly occurs in children. Approximately 35–40% of cases occur in the head and neck region. Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) has been employed in the treatment of head and neck cancers and has shown promising results. However, neutron, proton, and gamma-ray scattering pose significant challenges, as they contribute to the total BNCT dose. This study aims to analyze the BNCT dose received by a 10-year-old child phantom. The method involves simulating an ORNL-MIRD head and neck phantom of a 10-year-old child irradiated with BNCT using the Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) version 6.2 code. The BNCT dose was determined by calculating the absorbed dose, and the simulation results were analyzed based on the deterministic effects on at-risk organs. The absorbed dose values for the skin, brain, spinal cord, and thyroid were 0.00641 Gy, 1.566 Gy, 0.710 Gy, and 0.018 Gy, respectively. The deterministic effects on the skin and thyroid were minimal, as the absorbed doses did not exceed their respective threshold limits.
Proton and Helium-4 Ion Beams for Hadron Therapy: Depth, Lateral, and Secondary Particle Dose Calculations O. Allaoui; A. Didi; E. M. Alibrahmi; E. M. Chakir; Z. Sadoune
Atom Indonesia Article In Press
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/aij.2026.1717

Abstract

This study compares Monte Carlo simulations of dose distributions from proton and helium-4 ion beams in an aqueous medium using the MCNP code. Proton beams (60-240 MeV) and helium-4 beams (80-240 MeV, 520 MeV) are evaluated for their ballistic properties in hadron therapy, including penetration depth, lateral dose spread, and secondary particle production. Helium-4 ions, with higher mass and charge, exhibit sharper Bragg peaks and less lateral scattering than protons, suggesting better dose conformity. They also produce fewer long-range secondary particles, potentially reducing unintended dose to healthy tissues. These results highlight the potential of helium-4 ions as a viable alternative to proton therapy for more precise dose control and reduced collateral damage.
Internal Conversion and Internal Pair Production, Need for New Measurements S. Sarfarazi; M. Sohani
Atom Indonesia Article In Press
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/aij.2026.1557

Abstract

The study and spectroscopy of Internal Conversion (IC) and Internal Pair Production (IPP) processes provide valuable information about nuclei and nuclear states. In the present work, Internal Conversion and Internal Pair Production processes are initially reviewed. Then, the theoretical and experimental IC coefficients, as well as the theoretical and experimental ratio of IC to IPP probabilities for the E0 transition in several isotopes are compiled and compared. The relative differences between theoretical and experimental coefficients are obtained. Significant discrepancies are observed between theoretical and experimental coefficients for several isotopes such as 101Ru, 152Gd, 58Co, 125Te, and other isotopes. These comparisons and the relative differences reveal the need for more accurate experimental measurements and improved theoretical models.
Developing a Novel Method for Photon Skyshine Dose Estimation in Radiation Therapy Facilities Compared to the NCRP151 Approach M. Robatjazi; F. Koosha; M. Molazadeh
Atom Indonesia Article In Press
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/aij.2026.1549

Abstract

This study aimed to enhance the accuracy of estimating photon beam skyshine dose rates by refining the National Committee on Radiation Protection (NCRP) 151 method. Simulations were conducted using the MCNPX Monte Carlo (MC) code for 6, 10, and 18 MV photon beams of Varian 2300 C/D linear accelerators to estimate the skyshine dose rates of photon beams. The analytical methods of NCRP 151 and our proposed formulation were used to estimate the skyshine dose around the vault. The results of the three methods were compared and analyzed. Our modified method demonstrated improved accuracy compared to the NCRP method and agreed with the MC method under similar conditions and geometries for the linac photon beams. The ratio of skyshine dose rates calculated by NCRP 151 to MC simulation results ranged from 5.39 to 16.59 for 18 MV, 2.25 to 19.20 for 10 MV, and 3.33 to 22.50 for 6 MV linacs. However, employing our derived formula reduced these ratios to 0.91 to 1.22 for 18 MV, 0.92 to 1.10 for 10 MV, and 0.12 to 1.40 for 6 MV machines. Our modified method exhibited good agreement with MC modeling across various conditions. Application of the novel method in different situations and comparison with measurements are recommended for further use in radiation therapy and radiation protection calculations.
Monte Carlo Evaluation of the Impact of Flattening Filter Removal and Collimator on the Energy Properties of a 6 MV Photon Beam Using GATE I. Lagrini; M. Bencheikh; I. Maouhoubi; A. Khallouqi; H. Sekkat; O. Berradi; M. Bougtib
Atom Indonesia Article In Press
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/aij.2026.1632

Abstract

Study aims to evaluate the impact of removing the Flattening Filter (FF) and the secondary collimator on the energetic properties of a 6 MV photon beam. The Monte Carlo (MC) simulation platform GATE/Geant4 (v9.3) was used to evaluate particle fluence, energy fluence distribution, and energy deposited at the phantom surface with a 10 × 10 cm² field size and a Source-to-Surface Distance (SSD) of 100 cm, as well as the production of secondary particles. Validation using Varian Phase-Space (PS) data showed excellent agreement, with gamma pass rates of 99% for Percentage Depth Dose (PDD) and 98% for lateral profiles at depths of 5 and 10 cm, based on a 2% - 2 mm gamma index criterion. Beam quality parameters (TPR20/10) and Relative Dose Differences (RDD) confirmed a margin of error of less than 2%, validating the accuracy of the geometric simulation model. Removing the FF significantly increased the energy fluence of the particles responsible for energy deposition on the surface of the water phantom, increasing relatively by 136% for photons and 55% for electrons in the energy ranges of 0.49 - 0.525 MeV and 0.28 - 0.315 MeV, respectively. Moreover, the secondary collimator contributes significantly to the production of secondary particles that affect the dose distribution and beam energy properties.

Page 10 of 10 | Total Record : 99

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