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Bionature
Published by Universitas Negeri Makassar
ISSN : 14114720     EISSN : 26545160     DOI : 10.35580
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Bionature is a journal that contains writings based on the results of research, conceptual ideas, studies, and the implementation of the theory in the field of biology.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Articles 7 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023): April 2023" : 7 Documents clear
The Effect of Citronella Oil and Sesame Oil Emulsion Coating on The Quality and Storability of Mangoes (Mangifera Indica L.) Taufik Rahman; Tri Suwandi; Rena Adelia Suryani; Anisa Maharani; Chairani Azahra; Gunawan; Lu’lu’ Lathifatuzzakiyyah; N Sarah Sri Wahyuni; Nurul Annisa
Bionature Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

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Abstract

One of the most promising agricultural commodities is the cultivation of mangoes. One way that can be used tomaintain the quality and freshness of the fruit in a simple way is to do an emulsion coating. The purpose of thisresearch was to determine the effect of citronella oil and sesame oil emulsion coating on the quality and storabilityof mango (Mangifera indica L.). The method used in this study was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD)with two factorial treatments and controls. The first factor was citronella oil under a concentration of 0.5% and1%. The second factor is sesame oil under a concentration of 0.5% and 1%. The two oils were combined in theemulsion into three treatment combinations, namely S0W2, S2W0, and S1W1. The parameters measured in theobservations were hardness, damage, and glucose levels in the fruit. The results showed that the level of hardnessof mangoes decreased in the four treatments. Then it was found that there was an effect of delaying the maturityof the fruit with the S1W1 treatment because it was not damaged like the other treatments. While glucose levelsin the fruit have increased due to the ripening process. Coating treatment with a ratio of citronella oil concentrationof 0.5% to 0.5% sesame oil is the most effective treatment combination in maintaining quality and shelf lifebecause this treatment can delay damage to mangoes.
Phytoremediation Ability of Ornamental Plants Celosia argantea L. and Mirabilis jalappa L. in Plumbum (Pb) Contaminated Soil Juhriah; Dian Islamiah; Muh. Ruslan Umar
Bionature Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

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Abstract

Plumbum or lead is a type of heavy metal that is dangerous if it has exceeded the threshold of 0.07 μg/g based onthe National Standardization Agency SNI 2004. This type of heavy metal is found in nature such as in soil, water,and air. The purpose of the study was to determine the phytoremediation ability of two types of ornamental plants,namely Celosia argentea L. and Mirabilis jalappa L., against Plumbum (Pb) metal in soil. The growth parametersobserved consisted of plant height, plant stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf length, and leaf width. The ICPMS(Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry) was used to analyze the plumbum (Pb) content in soil andplants. The results ofinitial soil analysis prior to the plant planting process (phytoremediation) were 103.17 μg/gwhich had exceeded the predetermined threshold. The result of the analysis after phytoremediation of Celosiaargentea L. showed plumbum (Pb) content of 49.685 μg/g in soil and 1,9548 μg/g in plants. Similarly, the analysisof Ph content after phytoremediation of Mirabilis jalappa L. was 47.802 μg/g in soil and 5.3077 μg/g in plants.Based on biomass calculation of Celosia argentea L. and Mirabilis jalappa L., the obtained Plumbum (Pb) contentwas 18.84% and 27.85%, respectively. The percentage of Pb removal of Celosia argentea L. was 51.842%, whileMirabilis jalappa L. was 53.667%. The efficiency of Pb absorption of Celosia argentea L. and Mirabilis jalappaL. was 1.895% and 5.145%, respectively. In conclusion, Ornamental plants Celosia argentea L., and Mirabilisjalappa L., are able to act as phytoremediation agents for Plumbum (Pb) metal that pollutes the soil as evidencedby the decrease in Pb levels in the soil after the phytoremediation process.
Characterization and Identification of Chemical Functional Groups in Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus Ostreatus) Broth added with Vegetables and Spices Siti Maulyda Ayu MZ; Halifah Pagarra; Irma Suryani Idris Langi'; Oslan Jumadi; Hartati
Bionature Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

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Abstract

Adding the nutritional content of broth powder without destroying the distinctive taste of the broth can be doneusing pure mushroom extract and additional vegetables and spices. This study aims to determine the organolepticcharacteristics and identify the chemical functional groups of glutamic acid in the best samples of oyster mushroombroth powder added with vegetables and spices. The results of the organoleptic test were tabulated in a table andthen analyzed using a descriptive test. The organoleptic characteristics of the best color parameters were intreatment B1 which had a pale white color. The best treatment of aroma, texture, and taste parameters were foundin the B2 treatment with a characteristic aroma of typical broth, fine powder texture, and has a distinctive taste ofbroth. The identification of the functional groups of secondary metabolites using the Fourier Transform Infrared(FTIR) instrumentation. Identification results with FTIR showed absorption at wave number (cm-1): 3419.74,2934.62, 1639.56, 1409.70, 1055.55. There is N-H, O-H, C-H, C=O carbonyl group and carboxylic C-O, whichidentify the presence of amide compound, phenol acid, alkane, aldehydes, amid I and carboxylic acid, which areknown as glutamic acid in this sample.
Antioxidant Activities and Bioactive Compound in The Extract of Lobophytum sp. A. Mu’nisa
Bionature Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

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Abstract

This study is a descriptive exploratory research that aims to know the activity of soft coral Lobophytum sp. extractas an antioxidant. Sample extraction was done by maceration using methanol. Viscous extract obtained was thenpartitioned using n-hexane until gained methanol and n-hexane fraction. The chemical compositions of themethanol extract of Lobophytum sp were investigated using Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry. The yieldresult of soft coral Lobophytum sp. extract is 2,59%. The weight of extract partition result were methanol fraction8,76 g and n-hexane fraction 1,02 g. Antioxidant activity test using the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)assay. Ascorbic acid was also used as positive antioxidant control. The percentage of inhibition and IC50 weremeasured. Antioxidant activity test which gains the best antioxidant activity is methanol fraction then followed byn-hexane fraction, both showed DPPH free radical 50% can be inhibited the activity with IC50 rate in a sequence16,93 ppm and 30,93 ppm. GC-MS analysis, 50 kinds of chemical composition are identified in the Lobophytumsp. The results showed that the soft coral extracts of Lobophytum sp. has antioxidant activity.
The Effect of the Addition of Mealworm Frass (Tenebrio molitor) and Molasses on the Increasing of the Proximate Value of White Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) Mentari Jelita Putri; Oslan Jumadi; Andi Faridah Arsal; Halifah Pagarra; Rachmawaty; Andi Asmawati; Alimuddin Ali; Abd. Muis; Muhammad Junda; Yasser Abd. Djawad
Bionature Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

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Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of the addition of mealworm frass and molasses on the proximate value ofwhite oyster mushrooms. This type of research was an experiment using a completely randomized design (CRD)consisting of four treatments with three replications each. Test parameters include water content, ash content, crudeprotein, crude fat and crude fiber. Proximate data on water content, ash content, crude protein, crude fat and crudefiber were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's follow-up test with a 95% confidence level.The results showed that treatment with frass and frass molasses had an effect on water content, ash content, crudeprotein, crude fat, and a decrease in fiber content. Therefore, it can be concluded that the addition of mealwormfrass and molasses affects the proximate value of the resulting oyster mushrooms.
Vegetative Growth Response of Corn (Zea mays) to Actinomycetes, Azospirillum, and Azotobacter Isolated from the Rhizosphere of Neem (Azadirachta indica) Yusminah Hala; A. Irma Suryani; Octavia Cisiliana Devi
Bionature Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

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Abstract

This research is an experimental study that aims to determine the effect of the application of N2-fixing bacteriaActinomycetes, Azospirillum, and Azotobacter on the vegetative growth parameters of corn plants and on thenitrogen content of corn plants. Parameters for measuring the growth of corn plants include: formation rate ofradicle length, plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, fresh weight of plants, fresh weight of plant roots, dryweight of plants, dry weight of plant roots, total N content in plants, as well as physical and chemical qualities ofthe ground. Experiments on the application of N2 -fixing bacteria on corn plants on a laboratory scale were carriedout to determine the in vitro effect of microbes on corn seeds. The pot test was carried out to determine the effectof N2-fixing bacteria on the vegetative growth of corn plants in vivo. Data were analyzed using ANOVA withDuncan's test. The results showed that corn plants inoculated with Actinomycetes, Azospirillum and Azotobactershowed a significant different growth from corn plants without nitrogen fixing bacteria, namely formation rate ofradicle length, plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, fresh weight, dry weight, total N content (%) of crops,and soil physical and chemical quality. It can be concluded that the inoculation of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in cornplants has a significant effect on plant vegetative growth parameters and plant nitrogen content.
Identification and Description of Aquatic Oligochaeta in Sanggau City Canal West Kalimantan Galuh Ramadhanti; Erwinda
Bionature Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

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Abstract

The canal, which is located in the center of Sanggau City, West Kalimantan, is a channel for water to flow directlyinto the Kapuas River. The dense activity of the surrounding community has caused indications of contaminationof this canal by organic and inorganic materials. Pollutants enter continuously and accumulate, thereby changingthe structure of the substrate which becomes a habitat for benthic fauna such as aquatic Oligochaeta. This studyaims to identify and describe the types of aquatic Oligochaeta found in the canals of Sanggau City. This researchwas conducted in August-September 2020 using a purposive sampling technique. Sampling locations were carriedout at five stations consisting of Tanjung Sekayam Village, Ilir Kota Village, Beringin Village and Bunut Village.The Sanggau City Canal has a depth ranging from 0. 24 m – 1 m with water brightness 0.14 m – 0.24 m. The canalwhich is a lotic water also has a current velocity range of 0.04 m/s – 0.40 m/s with a temperature of 27°C – 29°Cand pH 6.0 – 6.7. Dissolved oxygen in the canals of Sanggau City which plays an important role in the survival ofaquatic Oligochaeta is obtained 3.0 mg/l – 5.8 mg/l, and C-Organic 0.05% - 3.82%. The substrate in the canal ofSanggau City is composed of 23.31% - 95.31% sand, 4.69% - 57.49% silt and 0.00% - 19.20% clay.Each samplingstation consists of three repetition points. Based on the results of research conducted on five canals in SanggauCity, aquatic Oligochaeta were found consisting of 1 order, 1 family, 2 genera and 3 species with a total of 1367individual aquatic Oligochaeta. The identified aquatic Oligochaeta species consisted of B. sowerbyi, L.claparedeianus, and L. hoffmeisteri.

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