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Bionature
Published by Universitas Negeri Makassar
ISSN : 14114720     EISSN : 26545160     DOI : 10.35580
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Bionature is a journal that contains writings based on the results of research, conceptual ideas, studies, and the implementation of the theory in the field of biology.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Articles 80 Documents
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Antibiotic Sensitivity Testing of Bacteria Isolated from Patients Suspected of Urinary Tract Infection: Uji Sensitivitas Antibiotik terhadap Bakteri yang Diisolasi dari Pasien Diduga Infeksi Saluran Kemih Erpi Nurdin; Suanbani, Dawika; Mukhtasyam Zuchrullah
Bionature Vol. 25 No. 1 (2024): April-Juni 2024
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35580/bionature.v25i1.1883

Abstract

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) is a condition wherein inflammation occurs, caused by the proliferation of microorganisms in the human urinary tract. Antibiotics are the main choice in treating UTIs, the aim of giving antibiotics is to treat acute infections and prevent urosepsis. However, deviant use of antibiotics will reduce the sensitivity of antibiotics to bacteria. The aim of this study was to determine the sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics from urine specimens of patients with suspected urinary tract infections (UTIs). The examination begins with the determination of the bacterial species and continues with the sensitivity test of the Kirby-Bauer diffusion method, looking at the barrier zone of each antibiotic. The observation results showed that there were 6 types of bacteria found from the urine culture results of patients with suspected urinary tract infections, with the most types of bacteria being gram positive S. aureus in 13 cases (40%), gram negative E. coli in 6 cases (18%), K. oxytoca and E. aerogenes were 5 cases (15%). According to the results of the antibiotic sensitivity test, each one shows the percentage of sensitive antibiotics. Ciprofloxacin is 100% against E. coli, K. oxytoca, P. mirabilis, 60% against E. aerogenes and 46% against S. aureus. Gentamicin is 100% against E. coli, K. oxytoca, P. mirabilis. Ampicillin is 83% against E. coli, 60% against S. epidermidis. Amoxicillin is 66% against E. coli. In conclusion, based on test results, Ciprofloxacin has better sensitivity, followed by gentamicin, ampicillin and amoxicillin. Keywords: antibiotics, sensitivity testing, urinary tract infection
Application of Manure on Alluvial Soil to The Changes of Soil Chemical Properties Andrayani, Ketti; Sangkala, Sangkala; Susilawati, Susilawati
Bionature Vol. 25 No. 1 (2024): April-Juni 2024
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35580/bionature.v25i1.1928

Abstract

The objective of the study is to test the chemical content of alluvial soil with the application of manure. Alluvial soil has poor physical and chemical soil properties, including low pH, nutrients, C-organic soil cation exchange capacity and a low C/N ratio. Therefore, it requires action to improve the planting by adding manure ameliorant. This research was carried out from February 5th, 2023, to April 5th, 2023 in Sambas Regency, Sambas District. This research uses a descriptive analysis model by comparing laboratory analyses using samples before and after the incubation process for 30 days. The treatments referred to in this research are: chicken manure, cow manure and goat manure. The dose of alluvial soil and manure used is 1:1. The parameters used in the research include soil pH, soil CEC, organic carbon (C), C/N ratio, elements nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg). The results of the research showed that there were changes in the chemical properties of the soil after being treated using chicken manure, cow manure and goat manure when compared to the untreated soil. The use of chicken manure on alluvial soil has a more beneficial effect on changes in soil pH values, soil CEC, C-organics, C/N ratio, N, P, K, Ca, and Mg elements when compared with the use of cow manure.
The Effects of Andrographis Paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees Extract on the Liver White Rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) induced by Lead Acetate Andrian, Luthfiyah; Febriani, Husnarika; Tambunan, Efrida Pima
Bionature Vol. 25 No. 1 (2024): April-Juni 2024
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35580/bionature.v25i1.2061

Abstract

Lead acetate is classified as a heavy metal compound that has the ability to stimulate the overproduction of free radicals, sometimes referred to as Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress at the cellular level. When lead acetate is introduced into the body, it undergoes systemic circulation and distributes to several organs, including the liver. Prolonged exposure of the liver to high levels of lead can result in hepatic damage. The leaves of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. fil.) Ness are known to possess antioxidant properties, rendering them suitable for medicinal use in combating free radicals. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of ethanol extract derived from Andrographis paniculata (Burm. fil.) Ness on the morphological characteristics and hepatic functionality of white rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) that have been treated with lead acetate. The present study employed a completely randomized design, consisting of five treatment groups and five repetitions. The control group received only food and drink, while the experimental group was administered lead acetate for a duration of 28 days at a dosage of 40 mg. The treatment groups, on the other hand, were each administered ethanol extract of Sambiloto leaves at dosages of 250, 500, and 750 mg/kg BW for a period of 14 days. The findings indicated that the treatment of lead acetate resulted in liver histological damage, specifically parenchymatous degeneration, hydropic degeneration, and necrosis. Additionally, it led to elevated levels of SGPT and SGOT. The study's findings indicate that the administration of a 750 mg/kg BW dose of ethanol extract derived from Sambiloto leaves can effectively mitigate liver histological damage and lower levels of SGPT and SGOT.
GC-MS Analysis (Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry) Ethanol Extract (Actinopyga echinites) on The Coast Of Puntondo Beach, District Takalar Munisa, A. Munisa; A.Muflihunna; Hartono
Bionature Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024): Oktober-Desember 2024
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35580/bionature.v25i1.2188

Abstract

A This research aims to determine the polar bioactive compounds contained inActinopyga echiniteswho live on Puntondo Beach, Takalar Regency. Method used for extraction Actinopyga echinitesis a wet maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent. The extract results were analyzed using gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to obtain information on the internal contentActinopyga echinites. The results of GC-MS analysis from this study showed that there were 123 possible compound components that were extracted using ethanol solvent. The research results also show that there are ten possible polar bioactive compounds in the highest peak of the GC-MS analysis results, namely: trans-13- Octadecenoic acid, cis-13-Octadecenoic acid, trans-13-Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester, n-Hexane, 9- Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, oxiranylmethyl ester, Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, and trans-13-Octadecenoic acid. Keywords: Actinopyga echinites, GC-MS, Puntondo Beach
Ethnobotanical Studies Medicinal Plants in Taulan Village, Regency Enrekang Syamsiah, Syamsiah; Aulya, Rezky; Hiola, St. Fatmah; Abd. Muis
Bionature Vol. 25 No. 1 (2024): April-Juni 2024
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35580/bionature.v25i1.2199

Abstract

Ethnobotany is science that studies about utilization plant in a way traditional, one of them that is plant drugs. This study aims to determine types plant medicine and methods its use by village communities Taulan, Regency Enrekang. This research is of a nature descriptive explorative with method survey as well as technique interview to give detailed description of utilization plant medicine by the people in the village Taulan, Regency Enrekang. Method used is snowball sampling. Interview process done in an open-ended manner with guided by the table interview. Research result show as many as 53 types plants used by village communities Taulan as plant drug. Plant organs used​ like rhizomes, roots, stems, leaves, fruit, and flowers. Processing plant drug done with method simple, that is with method boiled, squeezed, chewed, or eaten direct as fresh vegetables.
The Effect of Synthetic Fertilizer Urea, TSP and ZA on Total Biomass and Chlorophyl Content of Dunaliella sp. Junda, Muhammad; Adhyani, Andi Nurul; Muis, Abd; Kurnia, Nani; Rachmawaty, Rachmawaty
Bionature Vol. 25 No. 1 (2024): April-Juni 2024
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35580/bionature.v25i1.2229

Abstract

This research is an experimental research which aims to determine the effect of synthetic fertilizers urea, TSP and ZA on the amount of biomass and chlorophyll content of Dunaliella sp. on a laboratory scale. The research design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments with 3 replications each to obtain 15 treatment combinations. The research method consisted of several stages, namely preparation of tools and materials consisting of making culture media, making walne medium and making treatment medium, sterilizing tools and medium, preparing Dunaliella sp inoculum. on Walne medium with a static system, as well as optimizing the growth of Dunaliella sp.. The parameters observed in this study were phytoplankton biomass (dry weight), total chlorophyll content, salinity, pH, temperature, and light intensity. Based on the research results, the highest average biomass was found in the P3 treatment, namely the Walne medium treatment with the addition of 105 ppm urea, 80 ppm TSP, and 80 ppm ZA which produced an average of 5.23 g/L. Furthermore, the highest average results for measuring chlorophyll content were found in treatment P4 with walne medium treatment which added 115 ppm urea, 75 ppm TSP and 75 ppm ZA which produced an average of 1.81 µg/mL. So it can be concluded that the synthetic fertilizers urea, TSP and ZA have an effect on the amount of biomass and chlorophyll content on the growth of Dunaliella sp.
Optimization of Pectin Extraction from Pomelo Peels (Citrus maxima) using Response Surface Methodology Pagarra, Halifah; Hartati; Rachmawaty, Rachmawaty; Sahribulan, Sahribulan
Bionature Vol. 25 No. 1 (2024): April-Juni 2024
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35580/bionature.v25i1.2340

Abstract

Pectin is an essential polysaccharide that is usually found in the skin of various fruits and vegetables. It acts as a gelling agent and stabilizer in many food and pharmaceutical industries. This study focuses on the potential of grapefruit peel as a source of pectin. Pectin is isolated from hot grapefruit peel powder (albedo). The aim of this study was to extract pectin from grapefruit peel (albedo), and central composite design (CCD) together with the numerical optimization method of response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the processing parameters, including temperature (60, 80 and 100 ° C), pH (1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 ) and time (60, 90 and 120 min) The findings show that the studied parameters have a major impact on the pectin yield. The resulting second-order polynomial model thoroughly explains the relationship between input and output variables and how the data is varied. The highest pectin yield was 28.45% at optimal conditions achieved: temperature: 100° C; pH: 1.5; and extraction time: 120 minutes. Temperature, pH, and extraction time have their own large impact on pectin yield which has a significant effect.
Fractionated Polysaccharide Extracts From Codium Geppiorum O.C. Schmidt, 1923: Ftir And Bioactivity Evaluation Diaz, John Benedict B.; Maria Elma Q. Won; Felmer Latayada; Magdugo, Rexie P.
Bionature Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024): Oktober-Desember 2024
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35580/bionature.v25i2.4525

Abstract

This study investigates the Codium species from the class Chlorophyta, known for their bioactive polysaccharides. Hence, the two isolated polysaccharide extracts: crude polysaccharides (CPs) and acid polysaccharides (APs), with yields of 20.41% and 19.50%, respectively. Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis confirmed the presence of characteristic sulfated polysaccharides at 1220cm-1 -565cm-1 in APs and 880cm-1 in CPs. Antimicrobial activity was observed only in the APs, which effectively inhibited Micrococcus luteus (22±2 mm at 100 mg/mL), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16.67±1.15 mm at 100 mg/mL), and showed trace activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae (+=trace). The APs demonstrated significant antimicrobial effects against Gram-positive bacteria, indicating their potential for pharmaceutical and natural product applications. This work provides a foundational step toward generating innovative, seaweed antibacterial drugs, addressing the essential need for updated remedies in the peak of increasing antibiotic-resistant microorganisms.
Observation of Candida spp. in the urine of Female Teens : Observation of Candida spp. in the urine of Female Teens Nurdin, Erpi; Mukhtasyam Zuchrullah; Nofita Sari Djurumudi
Bionature Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024): Oktober-Desember 2024
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35580/bionature.v25i2.4529

Abstract

Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogenic fungus that most often causes urinary tract infections. The presence of C. albicans and NCA species in urine is known as candiduria, which can cause urinary tract infections. The presence of C. albicans in urine is caused because the female urethra is shorter than that of men. Research purposes to determine the frequency distribution and presentation of the presence of Candida spp. in the urine of female adolescents at the Hidayatullah Islamic Boarding School in Ternate City. Method this study uses a descriptive research type. This study describes the presence or absence of Candida spp. in the urine of female adolescents at the Hidayatullah Islamic Boarding School in Ternate City. Research results show obtained 40 urine samples of female adolescents examined, it was found that 14 samples (35%) were positive for C. albicans and 26 samples (65%) were negative for C. albicans. Results of this study concluded that 35% of the urine of female adolescents at the Hidayatullah Islamic Boarding School in Ternate City was infected with C. albicans. Keywords: Candida albicans, candiduria, urinary tract infection
Indole acetic acid (IAA) product Indole acetic acid (IAA) production by endophytic bacteria from Stem And Roots Of Indian Ash Tree (Lannea Coromandelica): Indian Ash Tree (Lannea Coromandelica) Hala, Yusminah; Ali, Alimuddin; Suryani, A. Irma
Bionature Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024): Oktober-Desember 2024
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35580/bionature.v25i2.4618

Abstract

The endophytic bacteria live in healthy plants and can even improve plant health and productivity by suppressing pathogenic bacteria and increasing plant growth due to the producing IAA hormone. The purpose of this study was to describe the ability of each bacterial isolate to produce IAA hormone, to determine the fluctuations that occur during the five-day incubation period. The endophytic bacterial isolates from the roots of the Indian ash tree are A1 Bacillus, A2 Bacillus, A3 Bacillus, A4 Pseudomonas and A5 Bacillus, while from the stems are B1 Bacillus, B2 Agrobacterium, B3 Bacillus, B4 Bacillus and B5 Agrobacterium. The potential of bacterial isolates in producing IAA hormone was obtained by measuring the absorbance value using a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 530 nm which was carried out every day for five days of incubation. The results obtained showed that endophytic bacterial isolates from the roots and stems of Kayu Jawa Plants have the ability to produce IAA with the highest concentration on 3 days of incubation was produced by isolate A3 (7.95 ppm), from the genus Bacillus, on 4 days of incubation the highest concentration was produced by A2 (22.18 ppm) from the genus Bacillus and on 5 days of incubation the highest concentration was produced by A2 (57.60 ppm) from the genus Bacillus.

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