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Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU

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Published by Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering

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Articles 9 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 3, No 2 (2014)" : 9 Documents clear

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN GLISEROL TERHADAP SIFAT KEKUATAN TARIK DAN PEMANJANGAN SAAT PUTUS BIOPLASTIK DARI PATI UMBI TALAS Rinaldi Febrianto Sinaga, Gita Minawaris Ginting, M. Hendra S Ginting, Rosdanelli Hasibuan
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Bioplastics are a type of plastic made from renewable biomass sources, such as vegetable oil, corn starch, pea starch, and microbiota. Starch from tubers of talas (Colocasia esculenta) as a potential raw material for bioplastics by using glycerol as plastizicer. The purposes of the research are to know effect of adding glycerol to the properties of tensile strength and elongation at break bioplastic from starch taro tubers. In this research, the manufacture of bioplastics using casting methode with variations of starch solution (0,2 w/v, 0,3 w/v, and 0,4 w/v). The next additions to vary the volume of glycerol (1 % v, 2 % v, and 3 % v) and heating temperature of gelatin formation (60oC, 70oC, and 80oC). The results showed that bioplastics made from taro tuber starch has gelatinization temperature of 70oC. The addition of glycerol volume effect value of tensile strength and elongation at break of bioplastics. Increasing volume of glycerol will decrease tensile strength but increase elongation at break value. The best of bioplastics in this research is a variation of starch bioplastic 0,3 w/v, addition of 1 % v glycerol at a temperature of 70°C with a value of tensile strength is 18,4992 MPa and elongation at break value is 2,1290%.

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN BERBAGAI AKTIVATOR DALAM PROSES PENGOMPOSAN SEKAM PADI (Oryza sativa) Irvan, Permata Mhardela, Bambang Trisakti
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Composting process of rice husk (Oryza sativa) by adding various activators have been carried out in LPPM Training Center, University of Sumatera Utara. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of variation of slurry and bacteria (yeast and EM4) on rice husk composting results. The parameters observed were changes in temperature, water content, C/N ratio, and pH. At the end of the composting results showed that the addition of slurry, yeast and EM4 can lower the temperature and C / N ratio, and with the addition of yeast and 2 liters of slurry can speed up the process of decomposition of compost.

EKSTRAKSI KATEKIN DARI DAUN GAMBIR (Uncaria gambir roxb) DENGAN METODE MASERASI Desta Donna Putri Damanik, Nurhayati Surbakti, Rosdanelli Hasibuan
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Catechins are a major components in the plant gambier. Beside catechins, there are several other components such as acid catechu tannat, quersetin, red catechu, gambier flouresin, fats and waxes. More than 80% of gambier production in Indonesia comes from the province of West Sumatra and North Sumatra, mainly in Limapuluh and Pakpak Bharat. Extraction of catechins from gambir leaf was performed by means of maceration that is soaking with a solvent polar. Maceration is carried out by temperature variations, 30°C, 40°C, 60°C and 80°C; maceration of time that is 1 hour, 6 hours, 12 hours, and 24 hours; and the type of solvent is aquadest, 96% ethanol, 95% ethyl acetate, and a mixture of 96% ethanol and 95% ethyl acetate (1:1). The results were filtered to obtain the filtrate which is then concentrated by rotary vacuum evaporator to test the levels of catechins, moisture content, and ash content. Based on this research the highest levels of catechins obtained the maceration temperature operating conditions of 60 ° C with a time of 6 hours maceration and used 95 % ethyl acetate as solvents in the amount of 87.14 % to 0.925 % moisture content and ash content of 0.04 % .

PEMBUATAN SIRUP GLUKOSA DARI KULIT PISANG KEPOK (Musa acuminatabalbisianacolla) SECARA ENZIMATIS Zulqarnain Albaasith, Rahmad Nauli Lubis, Rondang Tambun
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Glucose syrup is a trade name of hydrolysis of starch solution. The purpose of this research is to produce glucose syrup from banana peel and examine the variables that affect the hydrolysis process. The process of making glucose syrup in this study through a series of treatment until the resulting slurry is ready to be processed banana peel. Hydrolysis process is then performed using α-amylase and glucoamylase enzyme. This process is carried out in four phases: liquefaction, saccharification, purification and concentration. In the liquefaction process to vary the weight of raw materials: water (10% w / v, 20% w / v, 30% w / v and 40% w / v) and heating temperature (60oC, 70oC, 80oC and 90oC). In this research shows that the best glucose syrup is in the variation of glucose syrup raw materials: water 10% w / v at a temperature of 90oC which produces reducing sugar 9.86% and 98.56% DE value. Keywords : starch, enzyme, glucose syrup

EKSTRAKSI PIGMEN ANTOSIANIN DARI KULIT BUAH NAGA MERAH (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Lidya Simanjuntak, Chairina Sinaga, Fatimah
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jutek.v3i2.7178

Extraction of anthocyanin pigments from the red pitaya’s peel (Hylocereus polyrhizus) has been done. Anthocyanin pigment from the red pitaya’s peel (Hylocereus polyrhizus) can be used as an alternative for sinthetys dye. Extraction of anthocyanin pigments in this experiment is using maceration method. There are three independent variables used in this experiment, they are the type of solvent (distilled water, 95% ethanol, ethyl acetate and 10% citric acid), solvent ratios (1:2, 1:3 and 1:4,) and the time of extraction process (1, 2 and 3 days). This experiment aims to determine the right type of solvent, better solvent ratio and better extraction time that used to get anthocyanin pigments from red pitaya’s peel. The measurements in this experiment are based on the pH value, the absorbance value and anthocyanin pigment yield. The experimental results shows that the levels of anthocyanin pigments of red pitaya’s peel dissolved in a solvent mixture of distilled water plus 10% citric acid produce the highest level of anthocyanin pigment yield is 62.68% at pH 2 and the extraction time are 3 days.

EFFECT OF EPOXIDIZED NATURAL RUBBER AS A COMPATIBILIZER IN SILICA-FILLED STYRENE BUTADIENE RUBBER COMPOUND Indra Surya, Siswarni MZ
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

By using a semi-efficient vulcanization system, the effect of Epoxidized Natural Rubber (ENR) as a compatibilizer in silica-filled Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) compound was carried out. The ENR was incorporated into the silica-filled SBR compound at 5.0 and 10.0 phr. An investigation was carried out to examine the effect of ENR on cure characteristics and tensile properties of the silica-filled SBR compound. It was found that ENR gave enhanced cure rate to the silica-filled SBR compound. ENR also exhibited a higher torque difference, tensile modulus, and tensile strength up to 10.0 phr. The study of rubber - filler interaction proved that the addition of ENR to the silica-filled SBR system improved the rubber - filler interaction.

EKSTRAKSI PIGMEN ANTOSIANIN DARI KULIT RAMBUTAN (NEPHELIUM LAPPACEUM) DENGAN PELARUT METANOL Elvi Rasida Florentina Hutapea, Laura Olivia Siahaan, Rondang Tambun
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Rambutan fruit (Nephelium lappaceum) is a kind of tropical fruits which come from Malaysia and Indonesia. Their red coloured rinds have not used yet effectively and the red coloured may be due to anthocyanin that can be used for natural colours. The purpose of this research is to know the optimal conditions of the extraction of anthocyanin, they are particle size of rambutan rind, temperature and extraction time. Analysis of the anthocyanin use spectrophotometer UV-Vis to detect the wavelength and the absorbance of the anthocyanin. The best conditions are rambutan rind milled by blender at temperature 50 0C and extraction time for 6 hours. These conditions give the highest color intensity having 1,6103 of maximal absorbancy, 55,7659 mg/mL of anthocyanin concentration and 0,2788% of rendement.

KARAKTERISASI POLIMER KONDUKTIF POLIPIROL BERPENGISI SERBUK BAN UNTUK MENDETEKSI KONDUKTIVITAS MINYAK Satriaji Sudigdo, Rizky Dharmawan, Hamidah Harahap
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Conductive polymer sensor based polypyrrole (ppy) and tire dust and 1,4-methyl-pyrrolidinone was made by using polymerization process. The polymerization process was prepared at temperature 100°C in boiling water for 30 minutes. Conductive polymer sensor is undergone several type of analysis including electrical conductivity, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR),and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The test used some kind of oil (palm oil,corn oil, diesel, and engine oil). The conductivity test result shows that sensor-4 (contain 20 phr of tire dust) in 80°C at 30 minutes had the highest conductivity. Scanning Electron Microscopy result shows the rough surface and well dispersed of tire dust in polypyrrole/tire dust blends. The XRD analysis shows the Face Centered Cubic (FCC) crystallographic structure of the sensor. The oil conductivity test shows that the corn oil is more reactive than others.

KARAKTERISASI SENSOR POLIMER KONDUKTIF POLIANILIN BERPENGISI SERBUK BAN UNTUK MENDETEKSI KONDUKTIVITAS MINYAK Rizky Dharmawan, Satriaji Sudigdo, Hamidah Harahap
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Conductive polymer sensor with varying amounts of poly aniline and tire dust and 1.4-methyl-pyrrolidinone as solvent using polymerization process have been developed. The polymerization process was prepared at temperature 100o C in the boiling water at 30 minutes. Conductive polymer sensor¬ is undergone several type of the analysis including electrical conductivity, Scanning Electron Microscope, Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The test used some kind of oil (palm oil, corn oil, diesel oil, and engine oil). The result showed that the highest electrical conductivity for the sensor-4 (20 per hundred resin of the tire dust) at 80oC for 30 minutes. Scanning electron microscope result shows rough surface and well dispersed of the tire dust in poly aniline / tire dust conductive blends. The analysis of X-RD shows the face center cubic (FCC) crystallographic structure of the sensor. The optimum of the electrical conductivity of the sensor was applied to detect the palm oil. The sensor given response towards palm oil (Neptune) compered to corn oil, diesel oil, and engine oil.

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