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Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU

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Published by Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering

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Articles 13 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 4, No 4 (2015)" : 13 Documents clear

KRISTALISASI LIKOPEN DARI BUAH TOMAT (Lycopersicon esculentum) MENGGUNAKAN ANTISOLVENT Deviana Christianty, Sola Fide Gavra, Zuhrina Masyithah
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 4, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Studies on the utilization of lycopene had been conducted to determine the effect of comparison feed and solvent (F/S) and the addition of methanol for extraction of lycopene from tomatoes using mixture solvent of hexane:ethyl acetate (1:1) followed by crystallization antisolvent. In this research, ripe tomatoes juice was used with volume 150 ml. Lycopene extract was obtained through extraction method at temperature of 70 °C and the stirring speed 7 rpm. The other method was by the addition of methanol as antisolvent for crystallization. As for changing variable in this study were a comparison of feed and solvent (F/S) 1:2; 1:2.5; 1:3; 1:3.5; 1:4 and 1:4,5, and the volume of methanol as antisolvent were 50 ml, 100 ml, 150 ml and 200 ml. The results of this research about influence of feed and solvent to lycopene yield extracted obtained at the optimum condition 1:4 with a volume of 200 ml antisolvent. Whereas the influence about addition of methanol as antisolvent as an agent of precipitation and maximum condition occurs on volume of 200 ml. Wavelength analysis of C=C linkage with Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) detected at wavenumber 1519,91 cm-1, CH2 linkage detected at wavenumber 1446,61 cm-1, R-CH=CH-R linkage detected at wavenumber 979,84 cm-1. While, C-C and C-CH linkage detected at wavenumber 1138 and 1373,32 cm-1.

PENGARUH KOMPOSISI DAN UKURAN SERBUK KULIT KERANG DARAH (ANADORA GRANOSA) TERHADAP KEKUATAN TARIK DAN KEKUATAN BENTUR DARI KOMPOSIT EPOKSI-PSSERBUK KULIT KERANG DARAH Addriyanus, Tommy, Halimatuddahliana
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 4, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of filler content and particle size of cockle-shell powder in tensile strength and impact strength of epoxy-PS composite. Epoxy resin was used as matrix, polyaminoamide as hardener, cockle-shell powder as reinforcement, polystyrene as toughening agent and chloroform as solvent. Filler content was varied from 10-50% and the macro particle was varied from 50-260 mesh. The composite was prepared by using compression moulding, then tensile test and flexural test were done. The results showed that addition of cockle-shell powder improved both tensile strength and impact strength of the composite. Addition of 30% (wt) reinforcement with 200 mesh particle size had given maximum tensile strength of 5,50 MPa and maximum impact strength of 30044,3 J/m2.

EVALUASI KESETIMBANGAN KELARUTAN GAS KARBON DIOKSIDA (CO2) DALAM PELARUT ALKANOLAMINA MENGGUNAKAN SIMULATOR PROSES Yansen Hartanto, Tri Partono Adhi, Antonius Indarto
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 4, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Acid gas removal to remove carbon dioxide (CO2) in natural gas is one of the most important processes. The common removal process of CO2 from natural gas by using alkanolamine solution This process was adopted as basic module in commercial process simulation tools with various equilibrium models. Thus, this study was focused to evaluate the validity in certain operating condition and equilibrium model that produced by commercial simulation tools. The model in this study included coefficient activity model based on Kent-Eisenberg, Li-Mather, and Electrolyte Non Random Two Liquid (NRTL). The evaluation was conducted by doing analysis from simulation result and experiment data that have been used as reference. Furthermore, validation test in absorption process simulation was done to compare column temperature profile. The overall conclusions show that electrolyte NRTL gives the most accurate result.

PENGARUH VARIASI VARIABEL REAKSI PADA PROSES EKSTRAKSI REAKTIF MESOKARP SAWIT UNTUK MENGHASILKAN BIODIESEL Pascalis Novalina, Arya Josua S, Taslim, Tjahjono Herawan
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 4, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

The conventional method for the production of biodiesel needed the oil that is extracted from the biomass before it can be transesterified into fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). Reactive extraction can be used to produce biodiesel with high-yield, low production costs, reduce the reaction time and the use of reagents and co-solvents, making it easier to produce biodiesel. In this study, reactive extraction applied to produce biodiesel from palm fruit mesocarp extracted using dimethyl carbonate as a solvent and reagents, and novozym®435 as a catalyst. Methanol was replaced by dialkyl carbonates, particularly dimethyl carbonate. Dimethyl carbonate can be used as a solvent and as a reagent, so reactive extraction is very easy to apply. The parameters will be study are reaction temperature (50, 60, and 70 °C), reaction time (8, 16, 24 hours), the molar ratio of reactants (50: 1, 60: 1, 70: 1 n/n ), the concentration of novozym® 435 (5%, 10%, 15% wt).The results showed that the highest biodiesel yield can be achivied at conditions temperature of 60 °C, reaction time 24 hours, molar ratio of reactants palm mesocarp to DMC 1:60, and novozym®435 concentration of 10wt%. The results showed that the synthesis of biodiesel via reactive extraction using palm mesocarp as raw material requires a low production cost.

PEMBUATAN PEKTIN DARI KULIT MARKISA KUNING (Passiflora edulis flavicarpa) YANG DIMODIFIKASI Riyan Riski Sarandi, Yusro Alhusna, Setiaty Pandia
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 4, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jutek.v4i4.11321

Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis flavicarpa) peel, a waste from yellow passion fruit industry could be utilized to extract pectin. The objectives of this study were to extract and modify yellow passion fruit pectin from HMP (High Metoxyl Pectin) to LMP (Low Metoxyl Pectin) and compare characteristic both of them. This research was conducted in pectin extraction and then modify pH of pectin used natrium hydroxide and chloric acid. The result of this research showed that modified pectin succeded to decrease degree of esterification from HMP to become LMP. Modified pectin had a brighter color or not too browny and no aroma. Function group analysis showed that shift in peaks in FTIR confimed a decrease of number methylated –COOH group. The resulting pectins also gelled by charge compensation with acid. It was found a new function group in modified pectin, which was of C=C (aromatic) group. The yield of pectin by extracting was 2,54 % and yiled of pectin after modifying was 94,73 %.

PEMBUATAN ASAM OKSALAT DARI PELEPAH KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis) MELALUI REAKSI OKSIDASI ASAM NITRAT Yos Pawer Ambarita, Iloan Pandang H M, Seri Maulina
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 4, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Oxalic acid is a dicarboxylic acid with the molecular formula H2C2O4 which has a wide range of applications in industry. Oxalic acid can be used as fiber bleaching agents, reagents in chemical analysis, and also used in mineral purification of metals. This study aims to determine the effects of temperature and reaction time to quantity and quality of oxalic acid produced by nitric acid oxidation from palm frond powder. The method used for the manufacture of oxalic acid in this study is oxidation method. In this method palm frond powder will be reacted with nitric acid 40 % in the ratio 1: 6 (w/v) at temperature 65, 70, 75, 80, and 85 °C and reaction time 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 minutes, thus obtained oxalic acid. The research was conducted in several stages: oxidation reaction stage, filtration, precipitation with CaCl2, acidification with H2SO4 and efflorescence. Oxalic acid product quality analyzed using Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) and Plate Melting Point Apparatus. The maksimum yield of oxalic acid was about 23.20 % which obtained at 80 °C and at reaction time 50 minutes.

JTK USU Journal Management
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 4, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

JTK USU

PENGARUH WAKTU DAN SUHU PEMBAKARAN DALAM PEMBUATAN ABU DARI KULIT BUAH MARKISA SEBAGAI SUMBER ALKALI Hari Surya Purnama, Herbert, Rondang Tambun
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 4, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum of combustion time and temperature of ash production from purple passion fruit peel (Parcilora idollis Sims f edulis Deg.). The experiment was begun to dry passion fruit peel, then combustion to obtaine the ash from passion fruit peel. The combustion was done by muffle furnace which time variables were from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 hours and burning temperature variables were from 400 oC, 500 oC, 600 oC, 700 oC. The potassium that contained in ash have been extracted by distilled water with volume comparison was 1 : 10 for 24 hours. Observed responses were ash content, normality, pH, conductivity and potassium oxide content (% K2O). The best result of ash was in 5 hours with temperature 500 oC. The ash was analyzed by using AAS Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, and 39,95 % of potassium oxide (K2O) content was obtained as maximum result.

PEMBUATAN PEREKAT LIGNIN RESORSINOL FORMALDEHID DARI NATRIUM LIGNOSULFONAT TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT Siti Maysarah, Netti Herlina
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 4, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Oil palm empty fruit bunchesn are waste from palm oil mill utilization is still limited. Lignin utilization of oil palm empty fruit bunhes made of natural adhesive manufacture. Making adhesive is carried out in several stages namely the manufacture of powder oil palm empty fruit bunches free extractives, lignin isolation, the manufacture of sodium lignosulfonate, sodium purification lignosulfonate and the manufacture of adhesive. Making the lignin resorcinol formaldehide adhesive is done by differences sodium lignosulfonate : resorcinol : formaldehyde mole ratio are ratio 1:1:1, ratio 1:1:2 and ratio 1:1:3. The results obtained from testing the appearance of the adhesive has a blackish brown color. pH of each ratio is ratio 1:1:1 11,2, ratio 1:1:2 11,4 and ratio 1:1:3 12,0. Adhesive densities are ration 1:1:1 1,2857, ratio 1:1:2 1,2119, and ratio 1:1:3 1,3097. Viscosities are ratio 1:1:1 108,83 cps, ratio 1:1:2 94,31 cps and ratio 1:1:3 129,92 cps. The rest of the evaporation are ratio 1:1:1 50,77%, ratio 1:1:2 42,35% and ratio 1:1:3 41,01%. Test results compared with standard phenol formaldehyde which is SNI 06-4567-1998 liquid phenol formaldehyde and result ratio 1:1:3 the best of another ratio .

PENGARUH SUHU VULKANISASI DAN KOMPOSISI BENTONITE CLAY YANG DIMODIFIKASI DENGAN ALKANOLAMIDA DARI BAHAN BAKU RBDPKO PADA PRODUK LATEKS KARET ALAM Friska Erdiana Tambunan, Hamidah Harahap
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 4, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

The is research aims to determine the effect of vulcanization temperature and composition of bentonite clay as good filler on mechanical properties of natural rubber latex product. In this study, we use bentonite clay as filler and alkanolamide as compatibilizer. The material used in this study are high ammonia latex 60%, curative agents such as sulfur, ZnO, ZDEC, AO, KOH, bentonite clay and alkanolamide. Alkanolamide is synthesized from amidation reaction between Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Kernel Oil and diethanolamine. The methodology includes pre-vulcanizing natural rubber latex with certain formulation, then vulcanized using dipping method. The variable used in this study is filler loading, from 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 gram, and vulcanization time 10 minutes. The products were then tested in order to observe its mechanical properties, FTIR characterization, SEM characterization and crosslink density. The results show that the synthesized alkanolamide possess the functional group desired. Alkanolamide modified bentonite clay loading is capable of increasing crosslink density and mechanical properties of the products. Optimum filler loading is reported on 10 gram and optimum vulcanization at 120oC.

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