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Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology
ISSN : 20873379     EISSN : 20886985     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology (hence MEV) is a journal aims to be a leading peer-reviewed platform and an authoritative source of information. We publish original research papers, review articles and case studies focused on mechatronics, electrical power, and vehicular technology as well as related topics. All papers are peer-reviewed by at least two referees. MEV is published and imprinted by Research Center for Electrical Power and Mechatronics - Indonesian Institute of Sciences and managed to be issued twice in every volume. For every edition, the online edition is published earlier than the print edition.
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Articles 619 Documents
Sector-based midpoint LEACH enhancement for improved energy efficiency and network lifetime Hari, Nirwana Haidar; Al Rasyid, M. Udin Harun
Journal of Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology Vol 16, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/j.mev.2025.1140

Abstract

This study proposes a sector-based, midpoint-driven enhancement of the low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) protocol to address energy imbalance and inconsistent cluster head (CH) placement in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Conventional LEACH and its variants often rely on random CH selection and produce uneven cluster geometries, accelerating node depletion and shortening network lifetime. The proposed method divides the network into four sectors and applies a midpoint-guided CH selection mechanism that prioritizes nodes near the geometric center of each sector, thereby shortening intra-cluster communication distances and balancing energy consumption. The protocol is evaluated through Python-based simulation using 100 randomly deployed nodes in a 200×200 m² monitoring area and is compared with several widely used LEACH-based protocols under identical radio and traffic parameters. Key performance metrics include first node death (FND), half nodes death (HND), all nodes death (AND), residual energy, and throughput. Simulation results show lifetime gains of roughly 30–40 % across standard lifetime metrics relative to the original LEACH, while maintaining higher residual energy and stable throughput. These findings highlight the suitability of the protocol for long-duration IoT and smart monitoring applications where energy efficiency is critical.
Appendix MEV Vol 16 Iss 2 Pikra, Ghalya
Journal of Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology Vol 16, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/j.mev.2025.1399

Abstract

Performance study of corncob-fueled updraft gasification with integrated solar power plant as a supporting energy source for the reactor Pido, Rifaldo; Humena, Steven; Abdullah, Fadhil
Journal of Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology Vol 16, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/j.mev.2025.1312

Abstract

The increasing demand for energy and the depletion of fossil fuel reserves have accelerated the development of renewable energy sources, with biomass emerging as one of the most promising candidates. Corncobs, an abundant agricultural residue with considerable energy content, represent a viable feedstock for gasification processes. This study evaluates the performance of a corncob-fueled updraft gasifier integrated with a photovoltaic (PV) solar power system as an auxiliary energy source for reactor operation. Experimental tests were conducted to assess flame characteristics, syngas composition, thermal efficiency, and overall energy potential. The influence of air flow rate (AFR) on temperature profiles across the drying, pyrolysis, oxidation, and reduction zones was systematically analyzed. The findings show that low AFR enhances heat accumulation but restricts oxygen supply, whereas excessively high AFR produces cooling effects that reduce thermal efficiency. Optimal operating conditions were achieved at intermediate AFR values (11.5–13.4 m/s), yielding stable heat distribution and high-quality syngas dominated by CO, H₂, and CH₄. Under these conditions, the system demonstrated promising thermal efficiency for small-scale applications. The 600 WP. PV system effectively supplied power to operate the blower, pump, and instrumentation, supporting operational autonomy and reducing reliance on external electricity sources. Overall, the integration of corncob gasification and solar energy offers a sustainable, environmentally friendly, and technically feasible hybrid energy solution, while promoting the utilization of agricultural waste and reducing dependence on fossil fuels in rural areas.
Design and implementation of hardware-in-the-loop simulation for haptic feedback control system validation in steer-by-wire Noval Lilansa; Faisal Abdulrahman Budikasih; Fitria Suryatini; Nadya Zahra Putriutami
Journal of Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology Vol 17, No 1 (2026): In Progress
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/j.mev.2026.1357

Abstract

The advancement of steer-by-wire (SbW) technology in the modern automotive industry demands efficient and safe testing methods for complex control systems. Conventional validation on physical prototypes is often prohibitively expensive and highrisk, particularly in the initial development phases where control algorithms are still immature. To mitigate these challenges, hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation provides a crucial intermediate step, enabling rapid, cost-effective, and safe iterative testing of control algorithms in a controlled environment. This research presents the design, implementation, and validation of a haptic feedback control system for an SbW application using a low-cost HIL platform. The developed architecture integrates a physical steering wheel plant with a real-time virtual model of the front wheels, controlled via an NI MyRIO and LabVIEW. The control system performance was analyzed by comparing proportional (P) and proportional-derivative (PD) controllers. The proportional controller was tuned using an empirical approach, while the proportional-derivative controller was designed analytically using the pole-zero cancellation method. The results demonstrated a clear trade-off with the proportional controller, which produced physical oscillations on the hardware. In contrast, the proportional-derivative controller successfully eliminated overshoot and damped all oscillations, which was physically validated as a stable and responsive haptic feedback. This research successfully demonstrates that the HIL platform can effectively validate and differentiate the physical performance of control architectures, confirming the superiority of the proportional-derivative controller for achieving a stable, high-fidelity haptic feedback system for SbW applications.
IoT-based monitoring system for biodigester production and purification Suprihadi Prasetyono; Catur Suko Sarwono; Digdo Listyadi Setyawan; Azmi Saleh; Bambang Sri Kaloko; Muhammad Naufal An Nafi
Journal of Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology Vol 17, No 1 (2026): In Progress
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/j.mev.2026.1352

Abstract

Biogas is a promising renewable energy source, but its production and purification processes often lack real-time monitoring, leading to suboptimal yields and inconsistent gas quality. To address this gap, this study aimed to design a prototype for an integrated monitoring system based on the internet of things (IoT). The developed system facilitates the continuous observation of key parameters in both the anaerobic digestion and the subsequent purification stages. The prototype was constructed using an ESP32 microcontroller as the central processing unit, which collected data from a suite of sensors. These sensors measured critical process variables, including the digester's slurry temperature and pH, the volume of the produced gas in the gasholder, and the concentration of methane (CH₄) and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) before and after the purification unit. Data were transmitted wirelessly via a Wi-Fi network to a cloud-based IoT platform, allowing for remote, real-time data visualization on a web dashboard. The results demonstrated that the prototype successfully captured and transmitted all parameter data with high reliability. The system provided a clear, real-time overview of the digester's operational stability and effectively quantified the increase in methane concentration and the reduction of impurities post-purification. Testing shows stable data transmission to Google Sheets and InfluxDB with minimal data loss. Delay times increase with distance in Google Sheets, from 3736.1 ms (2 m) to 3880.2 ms (8 m), while InfluxDB delay varies. RSSI values decrease with distance, with an accuracy range of 0.28 % to 5.11 %, peaking at 99.17 % accuracy at 6.05 meters.
Response surface methodology to optimize aerial mapping electric UAV preliminary design and static stability analysis Prytha Virgiawan Lesalli; Tresna Priyana Soemardi; Lilis Mariani
Journal of Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology Vol 17, No 1 (2026): In Progress
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/j.mev.2026.1230

Abstract

This study addresses the need for efficient aerodynamic design in fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for aerial mapping applications, where flight stability and cruising performance are critical. The research aims to optimize wing geometry parameters to achieve the desired cruising speed while minimizing drag and ensuring static stability. The methodology integrates conceptual and preliminary design approaches, followed by aerodynamic simulations using XFLR-5 with the vortex lattice methodology (VLM-2). Three design variables, winglet length, cant angle, and twist angle, are systematically varied, and the response surface method (RSM) is employed to model and optimize their effects on lift, drag, and airspeed. The optimization results indicate that the optimal configuration achieves a cruising speed of 16.8 m/s with improved lift characteristics (CL ≈ 0.48) and controlled drag (CD ≈ 0.022). Further analysis confirms that the optimized UAV satisfies longitudinal, lateral, and directional static stability criteria under various control surface deflections. In conclusion, the integration of RSM with aerodynamic simulation provides an effective and systematic framework for enhancing the UAV performance and stability, particularly in aerial mapping missions.
Stability challenge: Voltage profile enhancement and loss reduction using optimally placed single and dual SVCs Latifa Smail; Hafidha Reriballah; Tadjeddine Ali Abderrazak; Guentri Hocine; Hari Maghfiroh; Medjdoubi Khadidja
Journal of Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology Vol 17, No 1 (2026): In Progress
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/j.mev.2026.1317

Abstract

High penetration of intermittent renewable energy sources (RES) fundamentally alters the voltage stability profile of electrical networks, creating significant challenges for regulation and efficiency. This paper investigates the optimal deployment of static var compensators (SVCs) to mitigate these instabilities in a 37-bus test system. The impact of integrating 15 MW of renewable generation is analyzed, comparing a PV-only scenario to a PV-wind hybrid system. A key contribution of this study is the comparative analysis between a centralized compensation strategy (using a single high-capacity SVC) and a distributed strategy (using dual SVCs with an equivalent total rating). Simulation results demonstrate that the distributed dual-SVC configuration is significantly more effective than the single-unit approach. This configuration ensures superior voltage stability, maintaining the minimum bus voltage above the critical threshold (≥ 0.9504 p.u.), and achieves a substantial 19.4 % reduction in active power losses. These findings confirm that distributing reactive power support provides a more robust solution for enhancing grid reliability and energy efficiency in hybrid renewable systems.
Adaptive frequency regulation of an LPG generator using an assistive model-free iterative learning controller Inov Ivandany; Arya Kusumawardana; Muhammad Afnan Habibi; Muhammad As'ad Sahroni
Journal of Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology Vol 17, No 1 (2026): In Progress
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/j.mev.2026.1372

Abstract

Mechanical speed governors in small generator sets often provide only coarse frequency regulation, leading to steady-state error and poor transient recovery under load disturbances. To address this limitation, this study proposes a hybrid governor for an (liquefied petroleum gas) LPG-converted generator, in which the built-in mechanical governor is retained as the primary stabilizing layer, and a model-free iterative learning control (ILC) is added as an assistive electronic controller. The proposed method was validated experimentally under dynamic multi-step load disturbances and internal parameter shifts. In the dynamic load test, the proposed hybrid ILC achieved the lowest root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.9144 Hz, compared with 0.9581 Hz for the (proportional-integral) PI-controller benchmark and 1.5512 Hz for the mechanical governor. This corresponds to an RMSE improvement of 41.05 % relative to the mechanical governor and 4.56 % relative to the PI-controller benchmark. In terms of relative tracking accuracy, both electronic controllers substantially reduced the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) relative to the mechanical governor, with the proposed hybrid ILC achieving the lowest value of 1.14 %, slightly lower than 1.15 % for the PI-controller and much lower than 2.04 % for the mechanical governor. Under internal parameter detuning, the proposed method maintained better regulation performance, with RMSE improvements reaching 79.68 % relative to the mechanical baseline. These results show that the proposed hybrid model-free ILC improves transient response, tracking accuracy, and robustness, while preserving the original mechanical governor as a practical baseline controller.
An efficient motion planning framework for four-wheel steering autonomous vehicles using Lazy Edge-Based A* and adaptive RK4-MPC Deyndrawan Sutrisno; Subiyanto Subiyanto; Arimaz Hangga; Aldias Bahatmaka; Nur Azis Salim; Elfandy Yunus; Muhammad Hilmi Farras; Setya Budi Arif Prabowo
Journal of Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology Vol 17, No 1 (2026): In Progress
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/j.mev.2026.1073

Abstract

This work presents an efficient motion planning framework for four-wheel steering (4WS) autonomous vehicles operating in complex and unknown environments. To improve planning efficiency, the framework employs a lazy edge-based A* (LEA*) algorithm for global path planning, adaptive fourth-order Runge–Kutta model predictive control (RK4-MPC) for trajectory tracking and motion execution, and wheel force distribution control (WFDC) to ensure stable motion during steering maneuvers. Quantitative results show that the LEA* reduces planning time by 87.5 % edge evaluations by 96.1 % compared to conventional A*, while improving path smoothness by 51 %. The integration of adaptive RK4-MPC with WFDC achieves the lowest tracking error and heading error of 34.8 % and 37.5 % compared to OMNI, and 28.6 % compared to S-4WS. In addition, the proposed method reduces the wheel slip ratio 88.4 % better than OMNI and 46.7 % better than S-4WS, while also reducing yaw acceleration by 50 % compared to both baselines. For computational efficiency, the proposed framework achieves a search time of 0.5234 s, 83.1 % faster than OMNI, and 37.1 % faster than S-4WS, and an optimization time of 1.4892 s, 30.3 % faster than S-4WS. Overall, the proposed framework improves motion planning efficiency while maintaining smooth and stable motion in simulation.