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Life Science
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25285009     DOI : https://doi.org/10.15294/unnesjlifesci
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Life Science published original and significant articles on all aspects of Life Sciences (Biology, Genetics, Biological Anthropology, Botany, Medical Sciences, Veterinary Sciences, Biochemical Genetics, Biometry, Clinical Genetics, Cytogenetics, Genetic Epidemiology, Genetic Testing, Evolution and Population Genetics, Immunogenetics and Molecular Genetics). Starting from Vol. 14 (1) 2025, all submitted manuscripts must be in English and include Turnitin and AI plagiarism scan results. Authors are also required to attach ethical clearance files from relevant official institutions for research using human and animal samples.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 13 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): November 2025" : 13 Documents clear
Potensi Penambahan Kombinasi Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat dan Penambat Nitrogen terhadap Jumlah Daun dan Lebar Daun Cabai Rawit Varietas Dewata F1: Potential of Adding a Combination of Phosphate-Solubilizing and Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria to the Number of Leaves and Leaf Width of Dewata F1 Variety of Cayenne Pepper Ikramullah, Fiza; Rahmawati; Khotimah, Siti; Mukarlina
Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i2.1736

Abstract

The combination of phosphate-dissolving and nitrogen-fixing bacteria can increase plant productivity and nutrient availability as an environmentally friendly biofertilizer candidate. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of a combination of bacterial strains P1, P2, P3, N1, N2, and N3, on the growth of cayenne pepper, and to determine the best treatment of the combination of bacterial strains. The research was conducted from May to August 2023. The research was carried out by watering bacterial isolates on the cayenne pepper planting media. Observations were made for 2 months after transplanting. Data analysis used a completely randomised design with 9 treatment levels, namely, KP, KN, A (P1+P2+P3+N1); B (P1+P2+P3+N2); C (P1+P2+P3+N3); D (PI+P2+P3+N1+N2); E (P1+P2+P3+N1+N3); F (P1+P2+P3+N2+N3); G (P1+P2+P3+N1+N2+N3), with 4 replications. The results showed that the combination of phosphate-solubilising bacteria strains (P1, P2, P3) and nitrogen-fixing bacteria strains (N1, N2, N3) had a significant effect on the parameters of the number of leaves and leaf width of cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.). Treatment A (P1+P2+P3+N1) is a combination of bacterial strains that gives the best results on leaf width (5.20 cm) and number of leaves (47.75 strands). This biofertilizer enhances plant productivity and prevents environmental pollution.  
Analisis Kadar Kalsium pada Batita Stunting Kota Semarang: Analysis of Calcium Levels in Stunted Toddlers in Semarang City Rochly, Revinta Nur Aulia; Ari Yuniastuti; Lisdiana; Nugrahaningsih WH
Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i2.12044

Abstract

Calcium (Ca) is a type of micronutrient that is important for children, especially during toddlerhood (children under three years of age), in their growth and development, where if the body lacks Ca, the bone mineralization process will be low and result in low mineralization of the matrix of new bone deposits, affecting the work of osteoblasts. As a result, children's linear growth will be hampered, and there is a risk of stunting. The research objective is to analyze calcium levels in stunted toddlers aged between 6-36 months in Semarang City. This research is an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional research design carried out in Bandarharjo and Tanjungmas sub-districts. The research sample consisted of 20 stunting toddlers and 20 non-stunting (normal) toddlers with an age range of 6-36 months. The independent variable in this study itself is blood calcium levels. The statistical analysis used was the Mann-Whitney U test. The results revealed that Ca levels in stunted toddlers were 9.95 mg/dL, meanwhile for normal toddlers, it is 16.51 mg/dL. Statistically, it shows that calcium levels in stunted toddlers are significantly different from those in normal toddlers (p = 0.000). In conclusion, there is a statistically significant difference in Ca levels between stunted and normal toddlers aged 6–36 months in Semarang City. The findings suggest that Ca status constitutes an important nutritional factor to be addressed in efforts to prevent stunting among toddlers.
Kualitas Nata de pina dengan Pemberian Ekstrak Kecambah Kacang Hijau (Phaseolus radiata L.) yang diperlakukan dengan Air Cucian Beras dalam Perkecambahannya: The Quality of Nata de pina with the Application of Mung Bean Sprouts Extract (Phaseolus radiata L.) Treated with Rice Washing Water in Germination Siti Khotimah; Rahmawati; Syarifah Risna Khairunisa
Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i2.16919

Abstract

Nata de pina is a low-calorie organic food rich in fiber, made from pineapple juice (Ananas comosus L.). A supporting factor for the growth of Acetobacter xylinum (nata-forming bacteria) is a nitrogen source. The use of nitrogen sources such as non-food-grade zwavelzure ammoniak (ZA) is considered environmentally unfriendly, so an alternative solution is to use mung bean sprout extract as an organic nitrogen source. This study aims to determine the quality of nata de pina in terms of thickness, fiber content, color, texture, taste, and aroma with the application of mung bean sprout extract (Phaseolus radiata L.), which is treated with rice washing water during sprouting. Data analysis employed ANOVA and Duncan’s further test, with 7 treatment concentrations: control (0%), ZA 1%, mung bean sprout extract at 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%. Each concentration was repeated 4 times. The nata layer formed on the fourth day and was harvested on the fourteenth day. The results showed that the best nata quality was obtained with a 1.5% mung bean sprout extract concentration, with a thickness of 1.09 cm, fiber content of 2.85%, and an organoleptic assessment with a score of 4 (like criteria). The resulting nata had a chewier texture, a fresh sour pineapple aroma, a yellowishwhite color, and a sweet taste. This study provides an effort to utilize pineapple juice waste and rice-washing water waste as potential raw materials for the development of healthy and environmentally friendly food products.
Dismilaritas Kadar Low Density Lipoprotein Kolesterol pada Pasien Dislipidemia dengan Metode Homogenous Formula Friedewald di RSUD Mardi Waluyo Kota Blitar: Dissimilarity of Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels in Dyslipidemia Patients Using the Friedewald Homogenous Formula Method at Mardi Waluyo Regional Hospital, Blitar City Hartati Tuna; MM Riyaniarti Estri Wuryandari; Mely Purnadianti; Nita Damayanti; Vivien Dwi Purnamasari; Gerardin Ranind Kirana
Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i2.17182

Abstract

Dyslipidemia is one of the primary risk factors for vascular disease, which can lead to an increase in the number of lipid profile tests. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is one of the signs of dyslipidemia and can be examined using the direct method (homogeneous) or the Friedewald formula. This examination method has its own advantages and disadvantages. This study aims to determine the difference in LDL cholesterol levels using the direct method and the Friedewald formula in dyslipidemia sufferers at Mardi Waluyo Hospital, Blitar City. The research design carried out is a cumulative analytical research with a cross survey approach. This study was conducted on 40 patients who underwent lipid profile examinations at the Laboratory of Mardi Waluyo Hospital, Blitar City. Blood samples that are examined and included in the dyslipidemia criteria are then checked for LDL cholesterol levels with the Friedewald formula. Based on the results of the study, the results ofthe statistical analysis of the Independent test sample t-test with a meaningfulness level of 95% (α = 0.05) were obtained by the LDL t statistic result (1.706) < t table 2.02439. There was no significant difference in the results of the LDL cholesterol examination of the direct method and Friedewald formula in people with dyslipidemia, For this reason, further research is needed to determine LDL cholesterol levels, both in the extract and with the Friedewald formula, using the gold standard method for LDL cholesterol examination in accordance with the recommendations of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) is ultracentrifugation as a comparison of LDL cholesterol research
Analisis Konsentrasi Logam Berat pada Sedimen dan Air Laut di Perairan Selat Rupat: Analysis of Heavy Metal Concentrations in Sediments and Sea Water in Rupat Strait Waters Alan Krisbiantoro; Sri Fitrya Retnawaty; Yulia Fitri; Kurniati Utami
Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i2.23772

Abstract

The Rupat Strait, located between Dumai City and Rupat Island in Riau Province, Indonesia, is an area with high industrial activity, including oil processing and maritime transportation. These activities contribute to the release of various pollutants, particularly heavy metals, into the marine environment. This study aimed to analyze the concentration of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, Fe, and Zn) in seawater and sediment samples to assess the extent of contamination and potential ecological risks. A total of nine observation stations and one control station were selected using purposive sampling. Field measurements of physical and chemical parameters were conducted in situ, while laboratory analyses of metal concentrations were performed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The results showed that heavy metals were present at varying levels across all stations. The highest concentration was found for iron (Fe) in sediment at Station 9, reaching 18,476 ppm, while the lowest was cadmium (Cd) in seawater, with an average concentration of 0.001 ppm. Overall, metal concentrations in sediment were significantly higher than in seawater. These findings indicate a potential threat to benthic organisms and call for regular environmental monitoring. The study contributes valuable baseline data for marine pollution management and policy development in the Rupat Strait region.
The Effect of Tamarind Fruit Nanoparticles (Tamarindus indica) on the Sperm Quality of Hyperglycemic Rats Bagus Hammam Falah; Wulan Christijanti; Nugrahaningsih WH; R. Susanti
Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i2.24064

Abstract

Hyperglycemia is an increase in glucose levels in the blood. This condition can trigger glucose autooxidation which can produce free radicals. Free radicals can cause damage to male reproductive organs and quality. Tamarind fruit has a high flavonoid which has the potential as an antioxidant. This study aims to analyze the effect of tamarind fruit nanoparticles on spermatozoa quality in hyperglycemic rats. This study is experimental with Post-Test Control Group Design. A sample of 15 male Wistar rats were induced by alloxan and then divided into three groups, namely the control group, tamarind fruit nanoparticles with a dose of 30 mg/KgBB (NP1) and 60 mg/KgBB (NP2) for 28 days. Sperm quality was observed with parameters of concentration, motility and viability. The data were analyzed using One Way ANOVA and LSD. The results of the Anova test showed that tamarind nanoparticle treatment could significantly improve sperm quality (P<0.05). The LSD test showed that the concentration, motility and viability of sperm in group (K) were significantly different from groups NP1 and NP2. The highest to lowest average sperm concentration in sequence was in groups NP2 (49.60x106±6.06x106), NP1 (41.60x106±7.40x106) and K (20.80x106±7.56x106). The highest to lowest average percentage of sperm motility in sequence was in groups NP2 (82.20±9.75), NP1 (74.00±4.74), K (47.20±10.66). The highest to lowest average percentage of sperm viability in sequence was in the NP2 group (76.80±4.49), NP1 (72.20±7.12), K (31.60±7.89). The conclusion of this study is that tamarind nanoparticles have an effect on improving sperm quality in hyperglycemic rats.
Comparison of the Rate and Level of Biodegradation of Leaf Waste by Lignocellulolytic Molds from Universitas Negeri Semarang Campus Walandipa, Ghani; Mustikaningtyas, Dewi; Widiatningrum, Talitha; Dewi, Pramesti
Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i2.25828

Abstract

Biodegradation is a physical decomposition of the substrate caused by the activity of microorganisms by producing products that have benefits for humans. Lignocellulose degrading fungi are microorganisms that play a role in the process of decomposing organic waste. The biodegradation rate of each type of lignocellulose degrading mold is different. The purpose of this research is to comprehensively analyze and compare the rate and level of biodegradation of leaf waste in lignocellulolytic molds isolated from the campus environment of Universitas Negeri Semarang, as well as to identify and evaluate the type of lignocellulolytic mold that shows the highest efficiency in the rate and level of biodegradation of leaf waste. The method used in this research is quantitative method, by measuring the mass ratio and pH of leaf waste media before inoculation and after inoculation. The results of this study are the rate of leaf waste biodegradation based on the ratio of leaf waste mass by Trichoderma koningiopsis mold isolate of 0.015 grams/day, while by Trichoderma erinaceum mold isolate of 0.002 grams/day. Then the rate of leaf waste biodegradation based on the pH change value of leaf waste by Trichoderma koningiopsis mold isolate is higher with a pH change value of 0.3 when compared to the Trichoderma erinaceum mold isolate with a pH change value of 0.1. The superior performance of Trichoderma koningiopsis highlights its potential application in optimizing organic waste decomposition systems and provides a scientific basis for selecting lignocellulolytic fungi in sustainable waste management programs.
Potensi Rimpang Kencur (Kaempferia galanga Linn.) sebagai Agen Imunomodulator terhadap Performa Ayam Broiler (Gallus domesticus sp.): Potential of Galangal Rhizome (Kaempferia galanga Linn.) as an Immunomodulatory Agent for Broiler Chicken (Gallus domesticus sp.) Performance Halisa; Hernawati
Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i2.27522

Abstract

Broiler chickens (Gallus domesticus sp.) are one of the most sought-after commodities due to their high productivity, but on the other hand, they are susceptible to stress. Galangal rhizome (Kaempferia galanga) is a medicinal plant containing immunomodulatory compounds that play a role in enhancing and regulating the body's immune system. This study aimed to determine the potential of kencur rhizome on broiler chicken performance. The research design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and five replications each. The treatments consisted of: KN (plain drinking water), KP (commercial vitamins), P1 (galangal rhizome 20 g/L), P2 (galangal rhizome 50 g/L), and P3 (galangal rhizome 80 g/L). Twenty-five one-day-old Ross 308 broilers were reared for 30 days. Parameters observed included water and feed intake, absolute body weight, relative growth rate, and morphological condition. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, followed by Duncan’s multiple range test at a 5% significance level. The results indicated that kencur supplementation significantly (p<0.05) affected water intake, absolute body weight, and relative growth rate. The P3 treatment (80 g/L) yielded the most favorable outcomes in growth and morphology. These findings suggest that galangal rhizome has potential as an immunomodulatory agent to enhance broiler performance
Keanekaragaman Spesies Arthropoda di Badan Air dan Sekitar Mata Air Kecamatan Gunungpati, Kota Semarang: Diversity of Arthropod Species in Water Bodies and Around Springs in Gunungpati District, Semarang City Novianti, Ira; Nana Kariada Tri Martuti; Partaya; Sri Ngabekti
Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i2.28890

Abstract

Arthropods are the largest phylum in the Animalia kingdom that can live on land, in freshwater, in the sea, or in the air. Springs are bodies of water that seep out through cracks in rocks to the surface of the ground, serving as a habitat for various Arthropods and the Gunungpati district has several springs in its area. This study aims to analyze the diversity of arthropod species and to describe the abiotic and biotic factors that influence the diversity of arthropod species in the water bodies and around the springs in the Gunungpati district, Semarang City. The research was carried out from October to December 2022, located at five springs, among others. The research was conducted from October to December 2022 at five springs, namely Sendang Jedung, Sendang Lanang Trangkil, Sendang Ndelik, Sendang Mbiru, and Sendang Gede. The data collection method was purposive sampling. The approach used in this research is a quantitative approach with a descriptive research type. The research results showed a total of 1537 individuals and 112 species of arthropods, which included 146 individuals in water bodies and 1391 individuals around springs. The diversity index ranged from moderate to high, between 1.82-3.30. The dominance index values were low, ranging from 0.05-0.29, and the evenness index values fall within moderate to high criteria, ranging from 0.52-0.86. The Sorenson similarity index on the five ponds is considered low. Abiotic factors do not affect diversity too much because it has similar values in the five springs. Therefore, biotic factors (organic matter, litter, and surrounding vegetation) greatly influenced the diversity of arthropod species in water bodies and around the spring in Gunungpati District, Semarang City.  
Diversity of Soil Insects on Hiking Trails in the Forest of Mount Prau Muthiati, Aisyaah; Indriyanti, Dyah Rini; Widiyaningrum, Priyantini; Abdullah, Muhammad
Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i2.31714

Abstract

Soil insects are insects that carry out all their activities in or on the soil surface. Soil insects play a vital role as decomposers, predators, herbivores, and soil structure improvers. This study aims to investigate the diversity of soil insects along the hiking trails of Mount Prau with varying levels of hiking intensity, namely the Patak Banteng trail with high intensity, Dwarawati with moderate intensity, and Purwosari with low intensity. The method used was the pitfall trap, with a total of 120 traps installed along the three trails. Insect identification was conducted in the laboratory using a stereo microscope, and environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, soil pH, light intensity, organic carbon (C) content, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and soil texture were measured as supporting data. The results showed 20 soil insect species from 6 orders and 11 families, with a total of 445 individuals. The order Coleoptera was dominant in all plots, particularly the species Xantholinus sp. (Staphylinidae). The highest Shannon-Wiener diversity index was found in the Dwarawati plot (H’=1.90), followed by Purwosari (H’=1.82), and the lowest in Patak Banteng (H’=1.59). High evenness (E) values (>0.6) and low dominance (D) values.

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