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Recurrent Acute Rheumatic Fever with Severe Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis in 11-years-old Patient: A Case Report Kino, Kino; Hariyanto, Didik; Fernando, Harben; Risani, Puti
Frontiers on Healthcare Research Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Dr. M. Djamil

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63918/fhr.v3.n1.p33-38.2026

Background: Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF) was an immune-mediated complication of Group A Streptococcus (GAS) infection that could progress to Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) through repeated or untreated episodes. While RHD typically developed over years, yet some children in endemic settings can develop severe multivalvular disease rapidly, likely due to unrecognized/subclinical ARF and inadequate secondary prophylaxis. This case adds to the literature by illustrating severe rheumatic mitral stenosis at a young age with clinical features suggestive of recurrent ARF despite no documented prior ARF, emphasizing rapid progression could occur in endemic settings. Case report: An 11-year-old male presented with exertional dyspnea and intermittent joint pain without swelling or redness. There was no previously documented ARF episode. Serology showed positive anti-streptolysin O (ASO) supporting recent streptococcal exposure. Echocardiography demonstrated severe mitral stenosis, moderate mitral regurgitation, moderate aortic regurgitation, moderate aortic stenosis, and severe tricuspid regurgitation with high probability of pulmonary hypertension. Diagnosis of recurrent ARF with severe RHD was established using the modified Jones criteria, supported by echocardiographic evidence of multivalvular involvement. Initial management was adjusted for penicillin allergy and included azithromycin, corticosteroids, beta-blockers, diuretics, and nutritional rehabilitation, followed by erythromycin for secondary prophylaxis. Conclusion: This case highlighted the possibility of rapid progression to severe RHD in children due to subclinical ARF. Early diagnosis, routine echocardiography, strict adherence to secondary prophylaxis, and patient education were vital to prevent long-term complications, including heart failure and surgical interventions.

Correlation of HbA1c with Lipid Profile in Type 2 Diabetes Febryanto, Muhammad Desto Habibi; Pertiwi, Dian; Permana, Hendra; Kurniawan, Eka; Husni; Afriani, Nita
Frontiers on Healthcare Research Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Dr. M. Djamil

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63918/fhr.v3.n1.p72-78.2026

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is typically in line with dyslipidaemia, which substantially increases cardiovascular risk. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) reflects long-term glycaemic control and has been proposed as a potential surrogate marker for lipid abnormalities. However, evidence regarding the correlation between HbA1c and lipid profile components remains inconsistent, particularly in Southeast Asian populations. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between HbA1c levels and lipid profile parameters among patients with T2Dm treated at a tertiary referral hospital in Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional analytic study was conducted using medical record data from 68 patients with T2DM. HbA1c levels and lipid profile parameters–including total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides–were analysed. Data normality was assessed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Spearman’s rank correlation test was applied to determine the correlation between HbA1c and lipid profile components. Results: The median HbA1c level was 8.70% (range: 4.90–14.70%), indicating suboptimal glycaemic control. Median lipid profile values were 203.50 mg/dL for total cholesterol, 55.50 mg/dL for HDL cholesterol, 115.00 mg/dL for LDL cholesterol, and 138.50 mg/dL for triglycerides. Correlation analysis revealed no statistically significant association between HbA1c levels and any lipid profile component. Conclusion: HbA1c levels were not significantly correlated with lipid profile parameters in patients with T2DM. These findings suggest that glycaemic control alone may not adequately reflect lipid-related cardiovascular risk, underscoring the need for comprehensive cardiometabolic assessment in patients with T2DM.

Ocular Biometry and Anthropometric Measurement in Senile Cataract Patients Wardany, Yulia; Firdiansyah, Verzy; Putri, Rahmi Triana; Nurman, Efhandi
Frontiers on Healthcare Research Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Dr. M. Djamil

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63918/fhr.v3.n1.p53-60.2026

Background: Senile cataract is an age-related lens opacity and remains a leading cause of visual impairment. Accurate ocular biometry is essential before cataract surgery to determine appropriate intraocular lens (IOL) power. Ocular biometric factors may be influenced by anthropometric traits such as height, weight, and body mass index (BMI). This study aimed to explore the relationship between ocular biometry and these anthropometric characteristics in patients with senile cataracts Methods: This retrospective analytic study used a cross-sectional design and included 1,466 senile cataract patients treated at a private hospital in Pekanbaru between June 2020 and January 2022. The anthropometric variables included height, body weight, and BMI, while ocular biometry measurements comprised axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), keratometry (K), and central corneal thickness (CCT). Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess bivariate associations, and multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to determine independent relationships, controlling for age and gender. Due to collinearity between body weight and BMI, the latter was excluded from the final regression model. Results: Height was positively correlated with AL (p < 0.001, r = 0.281) and ACD (p < 0.001, r = 0.157), and negatively with K (p < 0.001, r = −0.238). Body weight showed positive correlations with AL (p < 0.001, r = 0.210), ACD (p < 0.001, r = 0.149), and CCT (p = 0.010, r = 0.067), and a negative correlation with K (p < 0.001, r = −0.188). BMI demonstrated similar, albeit weaker, correlations. Age was negatively correlated with AL, ACD, and CCT. In multivariate analysis, height and body weight remained independently associated with AL and K, with body weight also independently linked to ACD. Conclusion: Anthropometric parameters, particularly height and body weight, were independently associated with ocular biometric parameters in patients with senile cataracts. These findings suggest that body size and weight may influence ocular structural characteristics relevant to intraocular lens power calculation.

Quality of Life in Patients with Central Post-Stroke Pain in Riau, Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study Sukiandra, Riki; Haikal, M. Zacky; Hanania, Dini; Aiko, Novia; Al Rasyid, Daril; Sucipto, Sucipto; Joko, Agus Tri; Juananda, Desby; Maryanti, Yossi; Adlii, Muhammad Faa’iz
Frontiers on Healthcare Research Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Dr. M. Djamil

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63918/fhr.v3.n1.p1-7.2026

Background: Central Post-Stroke Pain (CPSP) is a chronic neuropathic complication of stroke that substantially impairs long-term well-being. While its clinical characteristics are increasingly recognized, data regarding the multidimensional quality of life (QoL) impact of CPSP in regional Indonesian populations remain limited. This study aimed to describe the QoL profile of CPSP patients at Arifin Achmad General Hospital to provide a comprehensive understanding of the disease burden. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from August to October 2025 at the Neurology Outpatient Clinic of Arifin Achmad General Hospital, Riau. Forty-four patients diagnosed with CPSP were included. QoL was assessed using the validated Indonesian version of the Stroke-Specific Quality of Life (SS-QoL) scale. Descriptive univariate analysis was performed to determine median scores across domains. Results: QoL scores demonstrated marked heterogeneity across domains. The Vision domain showed the highest median score (4.0), whereas Social Role recorded the lowest (2.7). Notable reductions were observed in Work, Upper Extremity Function, and Energy domains. In contrast, Language and Self-care domains were relatively preserved. These findings indicate that although basic functional abilities may remain intact, CPSP significantly compromises social participation, occupational capacity, and physical activity. Conclusion: CPSP imposes a substantial multidimensional burden, particularly affecting social engagement, productivity, and physical endurance. Comprehensive management strategies extending beyond pharmacological pain control are essential to address the psychosocial and functional consequences of CPSP. Further longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes are needed to clarify determinants of QoL outcomes in this population.

Oral Maxillofacial Pathology Specialist and AI Supported for Histopathological Diagnosis of Oral Lesions Muhammad, Ilham Nur; Al Fessi, Reza; Wati, Sisca Meida
Frontiers on Healthcare Research Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Dr. M. Djamil

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63918/fhr.v3.n1.p18-23.2026

Background: Histopathological (HPA) analysis is the gold standard for oral lesions. However, clinical diagnoses often have low agreement rates (44.1%). Artificial intelligence (AI) may offer diagnostic assistance, but its accuracy requires critical evaluation. Purpose: This study compared the diagnostic accuracy of AI models, ChatGPT and Gemini, in interpreting HPA images of oral maxillofacial lesions to the gold standard diagnosis from Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology (OMP) specialists. Methods: This analytical observational study used 54 digital HPA slides from a university research center. The diagnoses generated by ChatGPT and Gemini were evaluated for agreement ('Correct' or 'Incorrect') with the definitive diagnoses made by OMP specialists. Ethical approval was obtained. Results: Gemini demonstrated a diagnostic accuracy of 74.07% (40 of 54 cases), while ChatGPT achieved 70.37% (38 of 54 cases). The most common lesions were mucoceles and dentigerous cysts. A statistically significant difference (<0.001) was observed between the accuracy of both AI models and the OMP specialist. Conclusion: AI models showed considerable ability to recognize histopathological patterns, but their accuracy was significantly lower than OMP specialists. AI is an augmentative tool for triage or learning but cannot replace the role of OMP specialists in establishing a definitive diagnosis.

Development of a Group Counseling Model Using the CBT-AD Approach to Improve Coping Compliance with Taking Antiretriviral Drugs (ARV) in HIV/AIDS Patients Alfitri, Alfitri; Neviyarni, Neviyarni; Firman, Firman; Rihaliza, Rihaliza
Frontiers on Healthcare Research Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Dr. M. Djamil

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63918/fhr.v3.n1.p24-32.2026

Background: Coping adherence to taking ARV medication is defined asstrategies and mechanisms that individuals use to deal with challenges associated with ARV treatment. This study aims to develop a group counseling model using the CBT-AD approach that is valid, practical, and effective in improving coping with ARV medication adherence. Methods: This study is a developmental research employing a modified version of the ADDIE model (analyze, design, development, implementation, and evaluation). The product's validity is assessed by five experts, while its practicality is evaluated by five counselors. Additionally, the effectiveness of the product is measured through data gathered from eight test subjects. In this study, the data analysis for the needs analysis stage involved employing descriptive statistical analysis. Results: Based on the research results, the CBT-AD group counseling model that was developed met the valid, practical, and effective criteria for improving coping with adherence to taking ARV medication in HIV/AIDS patients. The implementation of the CBT-AD group counseling model that was developed, there was a tendency for positive changes after being given CBT-AD group counseling. Statistical analysis and tracking of the end conditions of coping with ARV medication adherence proved that the application of the CBT-AD group counseling model was effective for increasing coping with ARV medication adherence in HIV/AIDS patients. Conclusion: This finding is an alternative solution in order to improve coping with adherence to taking ARV drugs and be able to live a life in the future.

Psychological Well-Being Among People Living with HIV/AIDS: A Systematic Review of Psychosocial and Contextual Determinants Roza, Defia; Sastra, Lenni
Frontiers on Healthcare Research Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Dr. M. Djamil

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63918/fhr.v3.n1.p8-17.2026

Background: Advances in antiretroviral therapy have transformed HIV into a chronic condition, yet psychological well-being remains inadequately addressed. Persistent stigma, psychological distress, and social inequities continue to compromise holistic health among people living with HIV/AIDS. Objectives: This systematic review aimed to synthesize evidence on psychosocial and contextual determinants of psychological well-being among people living with HIV/AIDS and to identify implications for research and practice. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Peer-reviewed studies examining psychological well-being, mental health, stigma, coping, social support, and psychosocial interventions among adults living with HIV/AIDS were identified across major databases. Ten eligible studies, including observational studies, intervention trials, and systematic reviews, were critically appraised and synthesized using a thematic approach. Results: Five interrelated themes emerged. HIV-related stigma consistently showed a negative association with psychological well-being across settings. High levels of depression and anxiety persisted despite antiretroviral treatment. Psychosocial resources, particularly social support, counseling, and adaptive coping, functioned as protective factors. Psychosocial interventions demonstrated beneficial but variable effects, with modest effect sizes and limited long-term evidence. Finally, psychological well-being was closely linked to behavioral outcomes, including treatment adherence and substance use, highlighting bidirectional relationships. Conclusion: Psychological well-being among people living with HIV/AIDS is shaped by multilevel psychosocial and structural factors. Integrating standardized mental health assessment, stigma reduction strategies, and context-sensitive psychosocial interventions into routine HIV care is essential to improve holistic outcomes. Such integration may enhance quality of life, resilience, and long-term engagement in care worldwide across health systems and sociocultural contexts globally.

Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Cancer Progression: Biological Basis and Histopathological Implications Gestin, Dustia; Oktavia, Ria
Frontiers on Healthcare Research Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Dr. M. Djamil

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63918/fhr.v3.n1.p39-52.2026

Background: Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a fundamental biologic process that plays a critical role in tumor invasion, metastasis, and dedifferentiation. While extensively investigated in molecular oncology, its relevance to routine surgical pathology practice remains underemphasized. Many morphologic alterations observed in daily histopathologic evaluation represent phenotypic manifestations of EMT, yet these findings are often interpreted descriptively without integration into a unified biologic framework. Methods: This review aims to provide a practical overview of EMT from a surgical pathology perspective by correlating biologic mechanisms with histomorphologic features, immunohistochemical findings, and clinical implications across solid tumors.A narrative literature review was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE databases to identify relevant studies published between 2020 and 2025. Keywords related to EMT, histopathology, tumor progression, and immunohistochemistry were applied. Selected articles were qualitatively synthesized with emphasis on clinicopathologic relevance and applicability to routine diagnostic practice. Results: EMT is characterized by loss of epithelial differentiation, acquisition of mesenchymal traits, and increased cellular plasticity. Histologically, EMT correlates with recognizable features including loss of cellular cohesion, tumor budding, single-cell invasion, spindle cell transformation, and tumor dedifferentiation. Immunohistochemical alterations such as decreased E-cadherin expression and increased mesenchymal marker expression further support EMT-associated phenotypes. Across multiple organ systems, these morphologic changes are consistently associated with aggressive tumor behavior, metastatic potential, and therapeutic resistance. Conclusion: EMT provides a unifying concept linking molecular cancer biology with routine histopathologic observations. Recognition of EMT-associated morphologic patterns may enhance prognostic assessment and strengthen clinicopathologic interpretation, reinforcing the essential role of histopathology in the era of precision oncology.

Differences in Knowledge of Mothers with Small Babies Regarding Small Baby Care in Areas Using and Not Using the Special Maternal Child Health Handbook for Small Babies Sari, Nissa Prima; Amir, Arni; Mayetti, Mayetti
Frontiers on Healthcare Research Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Dr. M. Djamil

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63918/fhr.v3.n1.p61-68.2026

Background: The implementation of the special Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Handbook for small babies has been introduced in several regions in Indonesia. This is because the existing MCH Handbook, which is widely used in Indonesia, has not fully accommodated the needs of mothers and families as a guide for caring for and monitoring small babies. This study aims to analyze the differences in knowledge of mothers with small babies regarding small baby care in areas using and not using the special MCH Handbook for small babies. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional comparative design. The study was conducted in the working area of Tanjung Paku Public Health Center in Solok City, West Sumatra, Indonesia, as the group using the special MCH Handbook for small babies, and in the working area of Pariaman Public Health Center in Pariaman City, West Sumatra, Indonesia, as the group not using the special MCH Handbook for small babies. The study was conducted from September to October 2024. The required sample size was 46 participants per group, with a total of 92 participants. A simple random sampling technique was used. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test, with a significance level of P<0.05. Results: The median total score for maternal knowledge about small baby care in areas using the special MCH Handbook was 14, higher than the score of 12 in areas that did not use the handbook. A significant difference was found in maternal knowledge regarding small baby care between areas using and not using the special MCH Handbook (P<0.05). Conclusion: There is a significant difference in the knowledge of mothers with small babies regarding small baby care between areas using and not using the special MCH Handbook for small babies. Strengthening policies and promoting the importance of the special MCH Handbook for small babies is crucial to improving maternal knowledge in small baby care, especially in areas with high rates of preterm births.

Letter to the Editor: Strengthening Antimicrobial Resistance Control Practice at Dr. M. Djamil Central General Hospital Padang, Indonesia Djanas, Dovy
Frontiers on Healthcare Research Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Dr. M. Djamil

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63918/fhr.v3.n1.p69-71.2026

Dr. M. Djamil Central General Hospital (RSUP Dr. M. Djamil) Padang has been at the forefront of efforts to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR) through a comprehensive antimicrobial stewardship program guided by the Antimicrobial Resistance Control Committee (KPRA). The program focuses on three key components: surveillance, research, and education. Notable achievements include significant reductions in inappropriate antibiotic use, enhanced treatment strategies, and improved patient outcomes. A robust surveillance system has tracked both the quantity and quality of antibiotic use, leading to a marked increase in rational antibiotic prescriptions. Additionally, the implementation of antibiotic sensitivity patterns has allowed for more targeted therapies, particularly in treating multidrug-resistant organisms. Multidisciplinary collaboration through the Forum Kajian Kasus Infeksi Terintegrasi (FORKKIT) has further optimized patient care. Ongoing research into advanced diagnostic tools, such as RT-PCR, has advanced AMR control efforts, contributing to more precise treatments. Despite these successes, the continued prevalence of multidrug-resistant infections highlights the need for sustained efforts in surveillance, research, and education. Looking forward, RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang aims to reduce the incidence of these infections, improve prophylactic antibiotic administration, and align practices with national and international guidelines. The hospital’s commitment to advancing research and collaboration is vital in the global effort to preserve antibiotic effectiveness for future generations

Home Page

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Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name
Zulda Musyarifah

Contact Email
penelitian.diklit@gmail.com

Phone
+627518956666

Journal Mail Official
admin@frontiersonhealthcare.org

Editorial Address
Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan Sawahan Timur Padang West Sumatra

Location
Kota padang,

Sumatera barat

INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

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Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Zulda Musyarifah

Contact Email penelitian.diklit@gmail.com

Phone +627518956666

Journal Mail Official admin@frontiersonhealthcare.org

Editorial Address Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan Sawahan Timur Padang West Sumatra

Location Kota padang, Sumatera barat INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Zulda Musyarifah

Contact Email
penelitian.diklit@gmail.com

Phone
+627518956666

Journal Mail Official
admin@frontiersonhealthcare.org

Editorial Address
Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan Sawahan Timur Padang West Sumatra

Location
Kota padang,

Sumatera barat

INDONESIA