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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Counter Terrorism and National Security
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : -     EISSN : 2829890X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.15294/counterterrorism
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
The journal focuses on advanced legal and policy analysis related to Counter-Terrorism, National Security Law, and Special Criminal Acts (Extraordinary Crimes).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 5 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): July-Desember, 2024" : 5 Documents clear
Strengthening the Early Detection Capability of CBRN Crimes to Improve National Security: Memperkuat Kemampuan Deteksi Dini Kejahatan CBRN untuk Meningkatkan Keamanan Nasional Anindyajati, Albertus Digwijaya; Susilastuti, Susilastuti; Muhammad, Ikhlas Nur
Indonesian Journal of Counter Terrorism and National Security Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): July-Desember, 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijctns.v3i2.24957

Abstract

The threat of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear (CBRN) crimes is increasingly complex and has the potential to disrupt the stability of Indonesia's domestic security. This study aims to analyse efforts to strengthen early detection capabilities against CBRN crimes to improve national security. The method used is a qualitative approach with descriptive-analytical method, supported by literature study and SWOT analysis. The results show that although Indonesia has supporting institutions and regulations, such as BAPETEN, BRIN, as well as Law No. 10 of 1997 and Presidential Instruction No. 4 of 2019, cross-sector coordination is still weak and there is no leading sector that regulates the handling of CBRN threats in an integrated manner. Several real cases such as the use of radioactive materials by terrorist groups in Bandung 2017 and the delivery of envelopes containing anthrax in Jakarta 2019 emphasise the urgency of strengthening the early detection system. The SWOT analysis recommends policy priorities in the form of establishing a national coordinating institution, increasing human resource capacity and detection technology, developing integrated protocols, and strengthening international cooperation. With strategic and collaborative steps, Indonesia can build a CBRN early detection system that is resilient and responsive in facing future threat dynamics.
Reframing Bioterrorism After The 2001 Anthrax Attack: Strategic Shifts In U.S. Counterterrorism Policy: Mengubah Perspektif Terorisme Biologis Pasca Serangan Antraks 2001: Pergeseran Strategis dalam Kebijakan Kontraterorisme AS Asterina, Callysta Emily; Nugraha, Imam Fadhil
Indonesian Journal of Counter Terrorism and National Security Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): July-Desember, 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijctns.v3i2.27001

Abstract

This article examines the 2001 Anthrax attacks as a turning point in US counterterrorism strategy, emphasizing how the event redefined biological threats as matters of national security. Using information from intelligence reports, how governments have responded to this, and a theoretical framework based on Michel Foucault's idea of biopolitics, this study looks at intelligence failures and the move from reacting to counterterrorism to being proactive. The securitization of health is explored as a means by which microbial threats can be transformed into strategic tools for state control, with consequences for civil liberties, global diplomacy, and public trust. The article argues that bioterrorism, particularly the anthrax case, should be understood not only as a security breach, but also as a political event that altered the way in which the state governs life. By doing so, the study contributes to a deeper understanding of how non-traditional threats can reshape security frameworks in the modern era concerning to the topic discussed.
Integration of National Security and Rehabilitation in Sentencing for Perpetrators of Terrorist Crimes: Integrasi Keamanan Nasional dan Rehabilitasi dalam Penjatuhan Hukuman bagi Pelaku Tindak Pidana Terorisme Purnomo, Didik; Kusuma, Bagus Hendradi
Indonesian Journal of Counter Terrorism and National Security Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): July-Desember, 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijctns.v3i2.27611

Abstract

 This research analyzes the integration between national security interests and rehabilitation in the sentencing system for terrorists in Indonesia, focusing on how the legal framework, policies, and law enforcement practices can combine strict monitoring mechanisms in special correctional institutions with deradicalization and social reintegration programs. The research method relies on a document study of Law No. 5 of 2018 on the Eradication of Criminal Acts of Terrorism, the national action plan for counter-terrorism, as well as a comparative analysis of terrorism sentencing models in Malaysia and Singapore based on a literature review and secondary data. The research results indicate that Indonesia's regulations have adopted a balanced approach between security and rehabilitation by establishing special class correctional institutions and religious psychosocial-based deradicalization programs. However, its implementation is hindered by limitations in human resources, funding allocation, and a lack of post-release monitoring mechanisms. The recidivism rate remains significant despite cases of successful rehabilitation for inmates who receive adequate economic and psychosocial support. The research concludes that the effectiveness of counter-terrorism sentencing requires synergy between institutions, a multisectoral approach, and strengthening the capacity of rehabilitation infrastructure. Policy recommendations include revising the Anti-Terrorism Law to clarify mandatory rehabilitation clauses, enhancing the capacity of law enforcement human resources and correctional facility managers' capacity, and developing post-release economic and community-based reintegration programs.
ASEAN's Role in Countering Global Terrorism Towards Strengthening the Implementation of Regional Security Policy: Peran ASEAN dalam Menangani Terorisme Global Menuju Penguatan Pelaksanaan Kebijakan Keamanan Regional Safira Embun Insanidya; Utami Okta Khamsa; Rohadhatul Aisy
Indonesian Journal of Counter Terrorism and National Security Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): July-Desember, 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijctns.v3i2.30758

Abstract

The threat of global terrorism has grown beyond national borders and become a strategic issue in international security, including in Southeast Asia. ASEAN as a regional forum and organization plays an important role in building collective cooperation among member states to tackle transnational acts of terrorism. This article discusses ASEAN cooperation in countering terrorism through instruments such as ACCT, ASEANAPOL, AMMTC, ASC, ARF to defense forums such as ADMM and ADMM-Plus. Using a normative legal approach and descriptive qualitative method, this research evaluates the effectiveness of regional security policy implementation, and identifies the main obstacles such as differences in national legal systems, the lack of integration of digital legal instruments, and attachment to the principles of non-intervention and consensus (ASEAN Way). The results of the study show that although ASEAN has various security cooperation institutions, actual coordination in cross-border law enforcement is still not optimal. Differences in views on criminal penalties, the absence of digital evidentiary standards, and the absence of regional-scale operational agencies are the main obstacles. However, the decline in terror attacks in Southeast Asia since 2019 reflects that cooperation in prevention and intelligence is starting to show results. To strengthen ASEAN's role in dealing with global terrorism, it is necessary to establish a regional counter-terrorism agency with technical authority, develop the ASEAN Model Criminal Code as a measure of criminal law harmonization, and strengthen institutions to be able to react to threats in a fast, integrated, and binding manner. With these steps, ASEAN can move from being just a dialog forum to becoming a key actor in creating a resilient and sustainable regional security system.
Bali Bombing and the Erosion of the Legality Principle: A Juridical Analysis of the Application of Retroactive Law in Countering Terrorism in Indonesia: Ledakan Bom di Bali dan Erosi Prinsip Legalitas: Analisis Hukum tentang Penerapan Hukum Retroaktif dalam Pemberantasan Terorisme di Indonesia Dheni Anugerah Prasetya; Rohadhatul Aisy
Indonesian Journal of Counter Terrorism and National Security Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): July-Desember, 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijctns.v3i2.31141

Abstract

The Bali Bombing I incident in 2002 became an important turning point in counterterrorism in Indonesia. However, the absence of specific regulations related to terrorism during the incident forced the government to issue Perppu No. 1 Year 2002, which was then applied retroactively. This retroactive application of criminal law raises serious issues in the national legal system, especially against the principle of nullum delictum nulla poena sine praevia lege poenali, which is a fundamental principle in the rule of law. This article aims to analyze the validity of the implementation of the Perppu from a normative juridical perspective, as well as to assess whether the argument that the crime of terrorism is an "extraordinary crime" can be used as a justification for retroactive law. By examining national legislation, the constitution, as well as international human rights law instruments such as the ICCPR, this article finds that the government's action has the potential to violate the principle of legality and open space for unconstitutional legal practices in the future. Therefore, strengthening the principles of the rule of law should be the main foundation in drafting anti-terrorism regulations in Indonesia.

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