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Ahmad Rayhan
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INDONESIA
Nexus: Journal of Cross-Disciplinary Insights
Published by Yayasan Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Sisi Indonesia
ISSN : -     EISSN : 31234186     DOI : https://doi.org/10.69836/nexus
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy
Nexus: Journal of Cross-Disciplinary Insights E- ISSN 3123-4186 focuses on publishing research in the field of Science and Technology, encompassing both basic and applied sciences. This journal facilitates scientific work oriented towards knowledge development, technological innovation, and the integration of multidisciplinary approaches to address various contemporary scientific issues. With a focus on science and technology research, Nexus aims to be an academic platform that encourages relevant, high-quality, and effective scientific contributions. Nexus: Journal of Cross-Disciplinary Insights 2 (two) issues a year in June And December, however articles that have been declared accepted will be queued in the In-Press issue before published in the determined time. Nexus serves as a bridge for researchers and thinkers seeking to generate comprehensive understandings and holistic solutions, promoting a scholarly dialogue that cuts across the spectrum of knowledge.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 23 Documents
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Cascade Biorefinery Systems for Computational Near-zero-waste Valorisation of Cassava Peel Waste (Manihot esculenta) Grace Adaobi Adie; Ugochukwu E. Anionovo; Oluwasegun Daniel Akinyemi; Onyemauche Fabian Anonye; Augustine O. Aniagboso
Nexus: Journal of Cross-Disciplinary Insights Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Science for a better life
Publisher : Yayasan Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Sisi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69836/nexus.v2i2.432

Abstract

Industrial starch extraction from cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) generates over 30 million metric tons of wet peel waste annually, presenting severe localized ecological hazards through anaerobic methane release and phytotoxic cyanogenic leaching. To promote engineering for sustainable development and bridge materials technology with food science, this study presents a computational and process-modeling empirical evaluation of a four-stage sequential cascade biorefinery designed for near-zero-waste valorisation. The process design leverages non-steady-state Fickian diffusion kinetics and Hansen Solubility Parameters to selectively isolate bioactive polyphenols, gelatinized starch, and hemicellulose/pectic oligomers before deconstructing the remaining cellular matrix into structural biopolymers. A three-factor Central Composite Design (CCD) optimized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) extraction, validated by a simulated Analysis of Variance (SIMULATED ANOVA) multi-variable engine. Structural performance was evaluated by deriving explicit weak-form Galerkin finite element steps for an orthotropic bio-composite thin film under tensile configurations.  The process model predictions demonstrate a progressive transformation of the biomass matrix, driving the cellulose Crystallinity Index (CrI) from a raw baseline of 32.4% to 81.6% in the purified CNCs, which enhanced composite tensile strength from 4.2 to 28.5 MPa. Techno-economic analysis (TEA) for a scaled 10 metric tons/day facility projected a Total Capital Investment (TCI) of $2,058,812.50 and a highly viable 20-year Net Present Value (NPV). Furthermore, ISO 14040/44-compliant cradle-to-gate Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) revealed a 55.3% reduction in global warming potential (1,272.20 kg CO2-eq) compared to conventional stockpiling baselines. This computational approach provides a rigorous process-engineering framework that successfully upcycles low-value agricultural discards into high-performance functional barriers for sustainable food packaging systems.
Prevalence of Schistosoma haematobium and Malaria Parasite Co-infections in Ebonyi State Nigeria Ruffina Nkechinyere Adimonyemma; Patience O. Ubachukwu
Nexus: Journal of Cross-Disciplinary Insights Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Science for a better life
Publisher : Yayasan Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Sisi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69836/nexus.v2i2.436

Abstract

In sub-Saharan Africa, Schistosoma haematobium and malaria parasites are still a great public health problem and can coexist in the same endemic areas, and create serious health problems in its endemic species. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of S. haematobium and Plasmodium parasites single and co-infections in Ebonyi Local Government Area, Ebonyi State, Southeastern Nigeria. A community based cross sectional survey was undertaken of 1110 people who were screened with urinalysis reagent strips for hematuria and proteinuria. 269 people who were positive for the tests were then further examined for parasitological confirmation. The eggs of S. haematobium were identified and quantified by urine centrifugation and microscopy; the blood smears were stained with Giemsa followed by oil immersion microscopy for the detection of Plasmodium species. Data for demography and risk factors were gathered using structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed statistically using SPSS version 20.0 at 5% significance level and Chi-square test was used. Out of 269 confirmed cases (47.58% male and 52.42% female), the prevalence of single infection with S. haematobium was 11.9% and that of Malaria parasite was 21.9%, and co-infection was 33.1%. Males exhibited a higher S. haematobium prevalence (14.8%) compared to females (9.2%), though the difference was not statistically significant (). Malaria prevalence was similar between males (22.0%) and females (21.9%) (). Co-infection rates exceeded 30% across the 6–25 age brackets, with no significant variation across age groups (). The high level of co-endemicity of the parasites of S. haematobium and malaria in Ebonyi State indicates high level of co-endemicity of the parasites. The result of this study reinforces the importance of integrated vector control, dual mass drug administration, proper sanitation and safe distribution of water in order to effectively decrease the burden of co-infections in the region.
Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Epoxy Composites Hybridized with Bio-Waste Particulates Clement Nworji Obiora; Callistus Nkemjika Chukwu; Ugochukwu Richards Orji; Sunday Chimezie Anyaora; Nwekeoti Arinze Chukwunakueze; Fakiyesi Oladapo Babafemi
Nexus: Journal of Cross-Disciplinary Insights Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Science for a better life
Publisher : Yayasan Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Sisi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69836/nexus.v2i2.437

Abstract

Developing sustainable structural materials from agricultural and industrial bio-waste remains critical for mitigating environmental impacts and replacing non-biodegradable synthetic reinforcements. Unreinforced epoxy resins exhibit inherent brittleness and low impact resistance, whereas un-optimized bio-filler additions frequently induce particulate agglomeration and weak interfacial bonding. In this study, EPOCHEM epoxy resin was hybridized with eco-friendly particulates derived from Anambra cow bones and Mangifera indica (mango) seed shells. The bio-wastes were synthesized through controlled carburization, hydrothermal treatment, and calcination processes to yield fine particulate ash. Hybrid composites were fabricated using a hand lay-up technique with a standard resin-to-hardener ratio. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on a Central Composite Design (CCD) was employed to optimize the chemical treatment parameters—specifically sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentration and soaking duration—to maximize the ultimate tensile strength of the bio-waste hybrid composites. Mechanical testing (tensile and hardness), thermal stability, dry sliding wear, FTIR functional group analysis, and SEM-EDS microstructural characterization were conducted. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) confirmed high statistical model significance () with a non-significant lack of fit (). Optimal processing conditions were established at 6.5 wt.% NaOH concentration and a 4.2-hour soaking duration, yielding a peak experimental tensile strength of 68.45 MPa with a desirability score of 0.985. The SEM microstructural evaluation verified a homogeneous particulate dispersion and improved interfacial adhesion, preventing early matrix cracking. Overall, the hybridization of Mangifera indica shell ash and cow bone ash provides a cost-effective, environmentally friendly reinforcement strategy that significantly enhances the mechanical and microstructural performance of epoxy composites for lightweight semi-structural automotive and industrial paneling applications.

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