Journal of International Relations Studies
Journal of International Relations seeks original manuscripts that provide theoretically informed empirical analyses of issues in international relations, as well as original theoretical or conceptual analyses. The journal represents no particular school or approach, nor is it restricted to any particular methodology. Instead, it seeks to foster an awareness of methodological and epistemological questions in the study of International Relations, and to reflect research and developments of a conceptual, normative and empirical nature in all the major sub-areas of the field.
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<![CDATA[Analisis Komparasi Kebijakan India dan Indonesia dalam Penanganan Google Tax ]]>
<![CDATA[Mursyid, Fariz Pradipta]]>;
<![CDATA[Putranti, Ika Riswanti]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Volume 4, Nomor 3, Tahun 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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<![CDATA[Taxes are one of the largest sources of state revenue, so the state is vying to optimize itstax revenues. However, there are some companies that make tax avoidance schemes andtax planning aggressively so that the state loses. Google Tax is a tax avoidance methodwith Double Irish and Dutch Sandwich schemes. Indonesia and India are equallydisadvantaged by Google in terms of Taxes, but India has stepped forward with the regimeor law that has been made equalization levy. This study aims to provide an understandingof the formulation of the Google Tax regime in India and Indonesia. Policy MakingTheory is used to analyze the comparison of policies in India and Indonesia whenovercoming Google Tax. This study uses a descriptive-comparative method to explain howthe comparison of Google Tax policy planning in India and Indonesia based on thePolitical will of the policy makers in each country. The result of this research is that thereare similarities and differences of political will which is owned by the decision makers ofthe two countries, where the intention in building the infrastructure, but in Indonesia ishindered by bureaucracy complex.]]>
<![CDATA[Kebijakan Pemerintah Jerman Menangani Peningkatan Angka Kriminalitas Pencari Suaka sebagai Dampak dari Open Door Policy ]]>
<![CDATA[Al Ghifari, Muhmmad]]>;
<![CDATA[Hanura, Marten]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Volume 4, Nomor 3, Tahun 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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<![CDATA[Germany is one of the favorite destinations for immigrants and asylum seekers seeking help because of the open door policy that began to be implemented in August 2015. This policy opens German borders for asylum seekers fleeing the wars that occurred in the Middle East such as Syria, Iraq and Afghanistan. Waves of asylum seekers are increasingly flooding Germany. This policy then began to have an impact, one of which began to increase the number of crimes committed by asylum seekers in Germany. The German government then issued a new policy to handle the impact that arose from previous policies by launching the StarthilfePlus aid program. This study finds that policies implemented to cope with the impact of open door policies that have previously been implemented are not yet effective. The ineffectiveness of this policy is due to the two objectives that not yet achieved yet. First, there are no increased in migrants voluntarily returning to their home country. Secondly, the increasing number of failed asylum seekers residing in Germany compared with before the policy was implemented.]]>
<![CDATA[Implikasi Perselisihan Amerika Serikat dengan Rusia terhadap Konflik Suriah ]]>
<![CDATA[Arum, Andriani Dyah]]>;
<![CDATA[Windiani, Reni]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Volume 4, Nomor 3, Tahun 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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<![CDATA[The Syrian conflict is an armed conflict between the Syrian Government and its oppositionthat emerged in March 2011. This conflict has caused enormous numbers of casualties andis still unresolved. This research aims to describe a brief history of Syrian Conflict, thecomplexity of US and Russia involvements in the conflict that tends to have confrontationpattern of offensive realism, and the implications of the confrontation. This research usesqualitative methods and uses secondary and primary data sources. The results of thisresearch shows that the implications of confrontation between two superpowers (US andRussia) to Syrian Conflict resettlement process are; limiting the performance of the ISSGas a facilitator of negotiations, making the search for solutions and conflict resolutionprocess by UN in Syria deadlocked which leads to the emergence of injustice againstperpetrators of war crimes.]]>
<![CDATA[Efektivitas Police to Police Cooperation Kepolisian Republik Indonesia dengan Kepolisian Filipina dalam Memberantas Tindak Kejahatan Penyelundupan Senjata Api Ilegal ]]>
<![CDATA[Gultom, Jasmin Michael]]>;
<![CDATA[Utomo, Tri Cahyo]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Volume 4, Nomor 3, Tahun 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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<![CDATA[Illegal arms smugglings is a crime that possessed a tangible threat. An act of brought infirearms illegally from one territory to another will ignite threats to the destined territory.Crimes such as armed robbery, armed vigilante action and terrorism are frequentphenomena appeared followed by the increasing spread of illegal firearms in a region.Preventing crimes that resulted from illegal firearms and eradicate illegal arms smugglingare police main objectives. The firearms that need to be eradicate came from Philippinesand smuggled to Indonesia. Those illegal firearms contributed armed criminals from streetthugs all the way to organized terrorist group. Cooperation between Indonesia NationalPolice and Philippines National Police is an effective solution to eradicate widespread ofillegal firearms from Philippines. Knowing how effective the cooperation betweenIndonesia and Philippines police force is the main purpose of this research. Utilizeliberalism theory on viewing cooperation and police to police cooperation concept,researcher seeks the answer from formulation of the problem that questioning of howeffective the cooperation.]]>
<![CDATA[Pengaruh Cyber Attack terhadap Kebijakan Cyber Security Amerika Serikat ]]>
<![CDATA[Nugroho, Kristian Aji]]>;
<![CDATA[Windiani, Reni]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Volume 4, Nomor 3, Tahun 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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<![CDATA[This research aims to determine how the effect caused by cyber attack on cybersecuritypolicy in the United States This research is a descriptive study with guided by theframework of the concept of crime of caliber is a transnational crime by UNTOC, publicpolicy theory of Van Meter and Van Horn is a model of process of policy implementation,and constructivism caused by social interaction in society and international politicalculture make cybersecurity policy implemented in national and international scope. Thisresearch is a qualitative research using library research as a data source. The resultsobtained from the level of cyber attacks experienced by the United States affect the publicpolicy in the United States so that cybersecurity policy is made to maintain the securityand national sovereignty of the United States.]]>
<![CDATA[Persamaan Perspektif sebagai Penyebab Penguasaan FIR Singapura di Ruang Udara Kepulauan Riau ]]>
<![CDATA[Manumayasa Rumuat, William Raka]]>;
<![CDATA[Putranti, Ika Riswanti]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Volume 4, Nomor 3, Tahun 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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<![CDATA[Ketidakmampuan Indonesia untuk memberikan pelayanan navigasi penerbangan yangmemadai sesuai Pasal 28 Konvensi Chicago 1944 merupakan alasan utama penguasaanruang udara Kepulauan Riau oleh FIR Singapura sejak tahun 1946. Upayapengambilalihan yang dilakukan oleh Indonesia dengan membenahi pelayanan navigasipenerbangannya berdampak pada peningkatan kualitas pelayanan tersebut yang signifikanmenjadi di atas rata-rata global pada penilaian dari ICAO tahun 2017. Tetapi, ruang udaraKepulauan Riau sampai tahun 2018 ini masih dikuasai FIR Singapura. Padahal,penguasaan ruang udara tersebut oleh FIR Singapura berdampak pada kedaulatanIndonesia yang berujung pada kerugian material. Melihat fenomena tersebut, identitasperan dan norma internasional menjadi elemen yang sangat berpengaruh. KepatuhanIndonesia dan Singapura terhadap norma internasional yang berkaitan denganpermasalahan ruang udara ini, yakni ICAO, serta identitas peran kedua negara di ruanglingkup ICAO itu sendiri mempengaruhi sikap kedua negara dalam memandangpermasalahan ruang udara tersebut. Identitas peran dan norma di ruang lingkup ICAOmenimbulkan persamaan perspektif yang berujung pada kepentingan bersama sehinggamenjadi penyebab Singapura masih menguasai ruang udara Kepulauan Riau.Kata Kunci: FIR, ruang udara, ICAO, identitas peran]]>
<![CDATA[Perjuangan Mengukuhkan Identitas Nasional: Aneksasi Rusia di Krimea dalam Perspektif Konstruktivisme ]]>
<![CDATA[Sudibyo, Lintank Wahyu]]>;
<![CDATA[Utomo, Tri Cahyo]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Volume 4, Nomor 3, Tahun 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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<![CDATA[Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation through the Crimean declaration of independence from Ukraine and the Crimean referendum, as well as the treaty signed by the Russian government in March 2014 have made Crimea as de facto join with 21 other republics within Russian territory. However, most of the international community considers that the Crimean referendum is illegal and violates the international law. Because Russia is considered violating Ukraine territorial integrity through the presence of Russian military which is considered to affect the legality of the referendum. This study aims to analyze Russian identity influences Russian foreign policy in the annexation of Crimea. The identity in this case is the Russian national identity which is ‘personal identity’ in constructivism perspective constructed from Russian domestic concepts or ideas rooted in Russian ethnic, demographic, historical, and spiritual backgrounds that are closely related to Crimea, as well as Russian national identity is on the rise under Vladimir Putin. It will also explain the history, status, and progress of the annexation of Crimea, as well as international sanctions against Russia and the Crimea until 2017.]]>
<![CDATA[Politik Kejahatan Perang oleh Rusia dalam Perang Chechnya II, 1999-2009 ]]>
<![CDATA[Rosemaya, Reivina]]>;
<![CDATA[Utomo, Tri Cahyo]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Volume 4, Nomor 3, Tahun 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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<![CDATA[Chechnya is a small region of Russian Federation at Caucasus which Muslims are itsmajority. Chechnya demands on independence but the Russian Federation won’t passed it.The difference between their interests caused unsolved conflicts that led them intoChechnya War II. It is believed that Russian army committed war crimes during this war.This undergraduate thesis is questioned: why did Russian committed war crimes during theChechnya War II 1999 – 2009? The aims of this undergraduate thesis is to seek Russia’sinterests on commiting war crimes at Chechnya War II using theory of offensive realism.Explanative case study is used in this undergraduate thesis. Based on theory that used inthis undergraduate thesis, to reach its interest Russia is responsible for their continouslyaggressive attacks that caused many victims from civilians. The result is war crimes thatcommitted by Russia are led by its interest to hold its status quo toward Chechnya.]]>
<![CDATA[Pembentukan Persepsi Ancaman Keamanan Manusia Bagi Pengungsi Berdasarkan Tindakan Kekerasan Anti-Imigran di Jerman ]]>
<![CDATA[Noviana, Winda]]>;
<![CDATA[Dir, Andi Akhmad Basith]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Volume 4, Nomor 3, Tahun 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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<![CDATA[The rise of anti-immigrant acts and violence that happened at the peak of the 2015European refugee crisis became the background of this research. The emerging problem ishow’s the role of anti-immigrant behaviors in creating the threat perceptions to humansecurity for refugees in Germany by 2015 ? The purpose of this research was to providethe overview of refugee crisis, describing the anti-immigrant behaviors addressed torefugees, and explaining the relations between anti-immigrant behaviors in shaping thethreat perceptions to human security for refugees. The efforts to answer the problem andresearch’s objectives conducted by using simbolic interactionism theory, securitization andhuman security concept. The objects of this research was refugees and asylum seekersresiding in Germany during the peak of the refugee crisis in 2015. The results show thatanti-immigrant behaviors evolves with the rising amount of refugees whom have enteredGermany. Those behaviors had a role in shaping refugees’ threat perceptions throughinteraction and understanding of behaviors which later influencing the human securityindicators for refugees.]]>
<![CDATA[Peran Pemerintah Indonesia dalam Melindungi Hak TKI dari Praktik Underpayment di Hongkong ]]>
<![CDATA[Larasati, Donna Savira]]>;
<![CDATA[Windiani, Reni]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Volume 4, Nomor 3, Tahun 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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<![CDATA[This thesis aims to analyze the role of the Indonesian government in protecting the rightsof migrant workers in Hongkong from underpayment practice in 2011 to 2017 by firstdescribing the description of underpayment practices in Hongkong, system andemployment policy of Hongkong, and the relationship between Indonesia and Hongkongin migrant workers. This thesis uses qualitative research methods with descriptive researchtypes and analyzed by collecting data collected from interviews, books, reports of NGOsand mass media. The range of research in this thesis is 2011 to 2017. To explain the role ofGovernment of Indonesia uses concept of public public, role theory and the concept ofhuman rights. The result of the research is the conclusion that Government of Indonesiaseeks to protect the right of Indonesia migrant workers in Hongkong from underpaymentpractice in form of policies, (i) enacted UU No. 39 tahun 2004, Keputusan Menakertrans98 tahun 2012, ratificate The International Convention on The Protection of The Rights ofAll Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families into UU No. 6 Tahun 2012,(ii) KJRIHongkong provides training to Indonesia migrant workers, blacklist employers andplacement agencies that are proven to be cheating, doing coordination with Ministry ofForeign Affairs and BNP2TKI, (iii) launched kredit usaha rakyat, (iv) doing MoU of laborprotection with Hongkong, and (v) coorporate with alliances of Indonesia migrant workersin Hongkong to monitor problems of Indonesia migrant workers.]]>
