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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 65 Documents
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Search results for , issue "vol. 22 no. 3 (2021)" : 65 Documents clear
The potency of actinomycetes extracts isolated from Pramuka Island, Jakarta, Indonesia as antimicrobial agents Setiawati Setiawati; Titik Nuryastuti; Eti Nurwening Sholikhah; Puspita Lisdiyanti; Sylvia Utami Tunjung Pratiwi; TRI RATNA SULISTIYANI; SHANTI RATNAKOMALA; Jumina Jumina; Mustofa Mustofa
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220304

Abstract

Abstract. Setiawati S, Nuryastuti T, Sholikhak EN, Lisdiyanti P, Pratiwi SUT, Sulistiyanti TR, Ratnakomala S, Jumina, Mustofa. 2021. The potency of actinomycetes extracts isolated from Pramuka Island, Jakarta, Indonesia as antimicrobial agents. Biodiversitas 22: 1104-1111. Actinomycetes are one of the Gram-positive bacteria which are widely distributed and produce many secondary metabolites including those known as antibiotics, antifungals, anticancer, and antimalarials agents. The secondary metabolites of actinomycetes are abundant, which include many active compounds that have been identified because of the large diversity in the actinomycetes phylum. This study aimed to identify and screen collected by Indonesian Culture Collection (InaCC) from Bojong Gede and Pramuka Island, Jakarta, Indonesia as antibacterial and antifungal agents. Primary screening was done on 16 actinomycetes isolates by well-agar diffusion method. Antimicrobial activity was tested by using micro broth dilution methods to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Molecular identification into level genera and species was determined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Out of 16 actinomycetes isolates used, 4 isolates have activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Bacillus subtilis BTCC B-612, and Escherichia coli BTCC B-614, specifically InaCC A758, InaCC A759, InaCC A760 and InaCC A765 isolates. InaCC A758 have highest antimicrobial activity against mentioned microbial with MIC value at 50 ?g/mL, 6.25 ?g/mL, 31.25 ?g/mL and 3.125 ?g/mL, respectively. Three genera were found from the samples: i.e. Streptomyces (80%), Microbispora (13%) and Nocardia (6%). Based on 16S rRNA gene identification, the active isolates of actinomycetes InaCC A758, InaCC A759, InaCC A760 and InaCC A765 were similar to Streptomyces badius, Streptomyces olivaceus, Streptomyces sanyensis, and Nocardia otitidiscaviarum, respectively. The secondary metabolites of actinomycetes extracts from Pramuka Island can be potentially developed as antifungal and antibacterial agents.
Phytophagous insects and predatory arthropods in soybean and zinnia Erise Anggraini; wida nur anisa; siti herlinda; Chandra Irsan; suparman SUPARMAN; suwandi suwandi; muhammad umar harun; BAMBANG GUNAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220343

Abstract

Abstract. Anggraini E, Anisa WN, Herlinda S, Irsan C, Suparman S, Suwandi S, Harun MU, Gunawan B. 2021. Phytophagous insects and predatory arthropods in soybean and zinnia. Biodiversitas 22: 1405-1414. In Indonesia, soybean is the third most important commodity after rice and corn. Cultivation technique such as planting hedgerows was expected to attract and retain natural enemies of pest predators. This study was conducted to determine the phytophagous insects and predatory arthropods species in soybean (Glycine max L.) and zinnia (Zinnia sp., hybrids) plants as refugia. This study utilized three methods i.e., visual observation, pitfall trap, net-trap in both soybean and zinnia planting areas. All collected insects were carried to the laboratory for observation and identification using insect determination key book. Insect identification was based on their morphological characteristics. The results study showed that phytophagous and predatory arthropods were found in both soybean and zinnia plantations in Agro-Techno Center (ATC), Sriwijaya University, Indonesia. There were 11 species of phytophagous and 5 species of entomophagous insects identified at soybean cultivation. Meanwhile, 5 species of phytophagous and 9 species of predatory arthropods including five spider species found, namely Pardosa distincta, Oxyopes javanus, Lycosa pseudomonas, Pardosa sp. and Drapetisca socialis at zinnia cultivation area. However, chi-square analysis (at alpha 0.05), confirmed that there was no significant difference between predatory arthropods in soybean and Zinnia the results indicate that soybean is might be suitable to be planted as refugia for predatory arthropods.
A pilot study into ecological burning in forests as part of a species conservation plan Matthew W Pearson
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220328

Abstract

Abstract. Pearson MW. 2021. A pilot study into ecological burning in forests as part of a species conservation plan. Biodiversitas 22: 1296-1303. Fire management and the process of managing communities has become an increasingly topical subject due to recent events. The role of fire for fuel reduction with areas set aside for conservation may not be compatible as a seed recruitment tool for Allocasuarina robusta. Presently, fire as a recruitment tool on A. robusta is not well understood. The pilot study aims to examine the latent seedbank ability to contribute to the conservation of A. robusta when ecological burning is part of a fire management plan. The investigation examined the soil seed bank beneath A. robusta before and after an ecological burn as a greenhouse experiment. The experiment results demonstrated that a diverse range of species responds to a fire that may out-compete the seed recruitment from A. robusta. The results indicate that A. robusta may not be recruiting through seed. Competition appears to be a factor that may limit the ability of A. robusta to recruit from seed.
Morphological diversity and heritability of nine local sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) genotypes in East Java, Indonesia Maftuchah MAFTUCHAH; LIA FEBRIANA; Sulistyawati SULISTYAWATI; Helvi Ardana Reswari; Erfan Dani Septia
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220330

Abstract

Abstract. Maftuchah, Febriana L, Sulistyawati, Reswari HA, Septia ED. 2021. Morphological diversity and heritability of nine local sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) genotypes in East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 1310-1316. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is an essential food crop after wheat, rice, maize, and barley. It has wide adaptability to various environmental conditions, including can be grown on marginal lands, so that it is potential to be developed as cheap source of carbohydrates. The present study obtain information about the morphological diversity and heritability values ??of local sorghum genotypes that occurred in East Java Province, Indonesia. The research was conducted in Purutrejo village, Pasuruan city using nine local genotypes, namely Jombang (SG-JBG), Tuban (SG-TBN), Pasuruan (GB-PSR), Lamongan 1 (SG-LMG 1), Lamongan 2 (SG-LMG 2), Sampang 1 (SG-SPG 1), Sampang 2 (SG-SPG 2), Tulungagung 1 (SG-TLG 1) and Tulungagung 2 (SG-TLG 2). The results showed that the genotype of SG-SPG 2 produced the longest panicles, while the SG-LMG 2 had the highest seed dry weight per panicle and highest number of seeds per panicle (117.34 gram/panicle dry weight and 4581.80 seeds/panicle). The genotype of SG-TLG 2 produced the largest weight of seeds, either in fresh seed (41.43 g/1000 seeds) or dry seed (31.96 g/1000 seeds). Of the nine genotypes tested, the flowering ages ranged from 42 to 53 days after planting, and the harvest ages ranged from 70 to 91 days after planting with the fastest harvest age was achieved by SG-TLG 2 The entire value of the phenotype variety on each variable was more significant than the value of the genotype range. Heritability test results show that all experimental parameters exceed 0.5 so that it is categorized as high heritability. In general, the SG-TLG 2 genotype had the most chance to be developed, because it produced the highest seed weight, both fresh seeds (41.43 g/1000 seeds) and dry seeds (31.96 g/1000 seeds). Besides, the SG-TLG shows the fastest harvest age (70 days after planting).
Short Communication: Plant diversity utilization and land cover composition in the Subak Jatiluwih, Bali, Indonesia Sutomo Sutomo; Rajif Iryadi; I Dewa Putu Darma; I Putu Agus Hendra Wibawa; Ayyu Rahayu; Siti Fatimah Hanum; Syamsul Rizal; Ledya Novamizanti; Jangkung Raharjo
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220345

Abstract

Abstract. Sutomo, Iryadi R, Darma ID, Wibawa IPAH, Rahayu A, Hanum SF, Rizal S, Novamizanti L, Raharjo J. 2021. Short Communication: Plant diversity utilization, and land cover composition in the Subak Jatiluwih, Bali, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 1424-1432. Subak is water management or irrigation system for paddy fields in Bali Island and it has been assigned as a UNESCO’s World Heritage Site. At a landscape level, it comprises several components which are forests, terraced paddy landscape, rice fields, villages and temples. Subak in Jatiluwih Village, Tabanan Regency depicts an area characterized by its natural appearance in the form of a vast rice valley with a dike in stratum following its natural contours (frequent terraces). This paper aimed to explore plant diversity in various vegetations around Subak Jatiluwih as well as their usage in the daily living of the local community. We also explore the potential application of drone for classifying the landscape patterns of the Subak.Vegetation sampling to record plant diversity was done using purposive sampling, and drone or Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) was used to map the Subak Jatiluwih landscape. The potential usage of each species was obtained through interview with key respondents, and the level of usage of each species was analyzed using the BIV (Benefit Index Value). Tegalan area shows the highest number plant diversity in Subak Jatiluwih area. Furthermore, there are four species of plants that have the highest BIV namely: Cocos nucifera L., Psidium guajava L., Areca catechu L. and Musa × paradisiaca L.. Various plant uses by the locals include for animal feed, building, ceremony, craft, and food and medicinal purposes. The landscape in Subak Jatiluwih is dominated the vast valley of rice fields that has strata following its natural contours. These conditions provide opportunities to applied the conservation strategy based on cultural and custom values.
The association of follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) gene polymorphism of on egg productivity in hybrid chicken (Gallus gallus gallus, Linnaeus 1758) RIKHA RISKI KURNIA; INDRA LESMANA; ADITYA RAHMAN ERNANTO; Ayudha Bahana Ilham Perdamaian; TRIJOKO TRIJOKO; BUDI SETIADI DARYONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220318

Abstract

Abstract. Kurnia RR, Lesmana I, Ernanto AR, Perdamaian ABI, Trijoko, Daryono BS. 2021. The association of follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) gene polymorphism of on egg productivity in hybrid chicken (Gallus gallus gallus, Linnaeus 1758). Biodiversitas 22: 1221-1226. Pelung chicken genetics Improvement by selective breeding to Layer Lohmann Brown was successfully developed F1 which yielded 140 eggs for 300 days of production. BC1 chicken derived from ? Layer and ? F1 (? Layer vs ? Pelung chicken). Polymorphism on cFSHR gene promoter was potential genetic marker candidate to assist the selection. This research aims to study the BC1 chicken egg-related traits performance for 16 weeks and study the correlation of cFSHR polymorphism to egg productivity. FSHR gene promoter was showed using sanger sequencing. Chicken were grouped based on their haplotype. Chicken were maintained in battery cage for observation of egg production. The results show that there is a difference of BC1 chicken DOC weight from different egg weight. The six SNP polymorphisms exist on cFSHR gene promoter fragments on 10, 51, 59, 121, 233, 331 nucleotides and conducted 7 haplotype group. The highest egg production in BC1 chicken on TTGCYA and lowest egg production on TTGYYG haplotype. Based on the correlation test there was a positive correlation at p> 0.05 between BC1 chicken TTGCYA haplotype with egg production and positive correlation at p <0.05 between BC1 TAGTTA haplotype with egg length.
Diversity of endophytic fungi in Syzygium aqueum Ummi Hiras Habisukan; ELFITA ELFITA; HARY WIDJAJANTI; ARUM SETIAWAN; ALFIA R. KURNIAWATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220307

Abstract

Abstract. Habisukan UH, Elfita, Widjajanti H, Setiawan A, Kurniawati AR. 2021. Diversity of endophytic fungi in Syzygium aqueum. Biodiversitas 22: 1129-1137. Exploring endophytic fungi may provide alternative, plant-based ethnomedicines. The discovery of endophytic fungi can produce many plant-derived drugs that give new horizons to the pharmaceutical industry for the availability and production of such medicines on a large scale. Extracts from Syzygium aqueum Alston (jambu air), a fruit-bearing plant native to Indonesia, have long been used in traditional medicine. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify, and investigate, the antimicrobial activity of the endophytic fungi found in S. aqueum. Results revealed that total16 fungi were isolated . Fungal endophytes were identified through morphological characterization and subsequently compared with key fungal identification books. The ethyl acetate extracts of the isolated endophytic fungi were screened for their antimicrobial activity through paper disc diffusion assay fungi isolated from S. aqueum were identified as: Aspergillus niger (Isolate code R21, R41, T72), Cylindrocarpon sp. (Isolate code R11, R31), Trichoderma aureoviridae (Isolate code T11), Trichoderma harzianum (Isolate code T21), Trichoderma sp. (Isolate code T31), Pestalotia sp. (Isolate code T41and T62), Beltrania sp. (Isolate code T52), Chaetomium sp. (Isolate code L11), Cochliobolus sp. (Isolate code L22), Penicillium sp. (Isolate code L32), Cylindrocladium sp. (Isolate code L42), and an unidentified Ascomycota (T51). The values of Shannon-Weiner and Simpson diversity indexes for the overall fungal community were H?=2.133 and 1-D=0.859 respectively. All isolates showed potential antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhi, and Staphylococcus aureus, but the lowest activity against Candida albicans. The results indicate that the bioactive compounds and secondary metabolites of these isolates should be further investigated for pharmaceutical applications.
Forest cover changes in Indonesia’s terrestrial national parks between 2012 and 2017 Asri Dwiyahreni; Habiburrachman A.H. Fuad; SUNARYO Sunaryo; TRI EDHI BUDHI Soesilo; Chris Margules; Jatna Supriatna
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220320

Abstract

Tropical rainforests are among the most important ecosystems on earth. After Brazil, Indonesia has the second largest tropical forest area in the world. Since the 1970s, Indonesia’s forests have decreased from covering 87% to 50% of its land area. With the ever increasing pressures from economic and human development it appears likely that much of the biodiversity and ecosystem services provided by forest in Indonesia will only remain in conservation areas.  National parks currently cover around 60% or 16 Mha of the total area of protected areas in Indonesia. Between 2012 and 2017, 42 terrestrial national parks in Indonesia lost 1.07% of their total forest cover. However, primary forest cover increased by 0.07%. National parks in the Jawa Bali bioregion, through their natural mountainous conditions and ecosystem services to the surrounding areas, as well as better management inputs, have contributed to the increase of primary forest covers and keeping total forest loss relatively low in Indonesia’s national parks.
Salinity tolerance of larvae Aedes aegypti inland and coastal habitats in Pasangkayu, West Sulawesi, Indonesia ARINI RATNASARI; ARIF RAHMAN JABAL; SYAHRIBULAN SYAHRIBULAN; Irfan Idris; NUR RAHMA; SRI NUR RAHMI NUR RUSTAM; MILA KARMILA; HAJAR HASAN; ISRA WAHID
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220316

Abstract

Abstract. Ratnasari A, Jabal AR, Syahribulan, Idris I, Rahma N, Rustam SNRN, Karmila M, Hasan H, Wahid I. 2021. Salinity tolerance of larvae Aedes aegypti inland and coastal habitats in Pasangkayu, West Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 1203-1210. Aedes aegypti L. is the primary arboviral vector generally found in freshwater, but it is also observed in brackish water. The study analyzes habitat characteristics, larvae adaptation, and oviposition preference in salinity levels over the coastal and inland ecosystem in Pasangkayu District of West Sulawesi. The larvae were reared until adults and have larval of first progeny were examined the salinity tolerance in five salinity levels. Ovitrap-based experiments were carried out in the laboratory using adult Ae. aegypti colonies from inland and coastal areas. Eggs on filter paper (ovitrap) were identified and counted. Data were analyzed using LC50 (larvae with salinity tolerance) and Pearson correlation (correlation between the larvae phase two ecosystem factors). Total larvae observed in coastal areas and inland are 1437 and 1288, respectively. The salinity tolerance test showed that Instar IV is highly adapted to the saline environment. The larvae from the coastal (inland) area can tolerate salinity up to 13 (10) ppt. Mosquitoes can lay many eggs in 3 ppt salinity: 27.1% and 20.8% for coastal and inland colonies, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between the larval instar stage of Ae. aegypti from coastal and inland ecosystems with the ability to survive at the salinity level (p < 0.01). This study is expected to be a source of information on the adaptation of Ae. aegypti mosquito to salinity in coastal and inland ecosystems. The findings can be considered in vector control efforts on brackish water habitats.
The biological prospective of red-pigmented bacteria cultured from contaminated agar media Achmad Arifiyanto; HAPIN AFRIANI; MEISHY HANDERLIN PUTRI; BERLIANA DAMAYANTI; CINDY LUKYTA RATIH RIYANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220310

Abstract

Abstract. Arifiyanto A, Afriani H, Putri MH, Damayanti B, Riyanto CL. 2021. The biological prospective of red-pigmented bacteria cultured from contaminated agar media. Biodiversitas 22: 1152-1159. Contaminated agar media was often depleted due to the growth of microbes, which is undesirable for culture. However, the contaminating microbes usually have a distinctive morphology. This research aimed to identify the potential of red-pigmented bacteria originated from the contamination of Drosophila melanogaster larvae. Fruit fly larvae that grow on contaminated tryptic soy agar were accompanied by the appearance of the red-pigmented bacteria colony. The bacterial colonies were purified by the re-streaking method on tryptic soybean agar. This strain was characterized morphologically, biochemically, and molecularly. Results showed that the MBC1 strain was identified as Serratia marcescens. The various metal susceptibility tests at 25 ppm did not affect the growth of the MBC1 strain. Meanwhile, it was also able to inhibit the growth of certain pathogens such as Aspergillus niger, Candida sp., Fusarium sp., and Rigidoporous sp. Strain MBC1 was able to produce antioxidant compounds. The lipolytic and amylolytic activity can be developed for bioremediate agriculture waste and biosurfactant production.

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