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ARTES LIBRES INSTITUTUM Bukit Baruga, No. 16, Antang, Manggala Kota Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan Indonesia
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INDONESIA
Indonesian Political Transformation
Published by ARTES LIBRES INSTITUTUM
ISSN : -     EISSN : 31635555     DOI : -
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The Indonesian Political Transformation, a peer-reviewed scholarly journal dedicated to advancing critical and interdisciplinary studies on political change, democratic development, governance, and state–society relations in Indonesia. The journal aims to become an international forum for academics, researchers, policymakers, and practitioners to examine the dynamics of Indonesia’s political transformation within both regional and global contexts. The journal particularly welcomes original research articles, theoretical discussions, comparative studies, and policy-oriented analyses addressing contemporary political developments in Indonesia and Southeast Asia. Emphasis is placed on contributions that demonstrate strong methodological rigor, conceptual clarity, originality, and relevance to current political debates.
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Articles 15 Documents
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Indonesia's Middle-Power Diplomacy amid U.S.–China Strategic Competition: Domestic Politics and Foreign Policy Transformation Putri Azzahra Nirmala
Indonesian Political Transformation Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Political Transformation, April 2026
Publisher : Artes Libres Institutum

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Abstract

The intensifying strategic rivalry between the United States and China has fundamentally reshaped the geopolitical landscape of the Indo-Pacific, placing middle powers under increasing pressure to navigate competing political, economic, and security interests. Indonesia has responded by reinforcing its long-standing "free and active" foreign policy while simultaneously expanding economic cooperation with China and strengthening strategic partnerships with the United States and other regional actors. Despite growing scholarly attention to Indonesia's external balancing strategy, limited research has examined how domestic political dynamics influence its evolving diplomatic posture. This study investigates the interaction between domestic political transformation and Indonesia's middle-power diplomacy amid great-power competition. Employing a qualitative research design, the study combines foreign policy analysis, elite interviews, parliamentary debates, and official policy documents to examine decision-making processes between 2019 and 2025. The findings indicate that Indonesia's diplomatic flexibility is shaped not only by geopolitical considerations but also by domestic economic priorities, leadership preferences, bureaucratic coordination, and public perceptions of national sovereignty. Rather than adopting a traditional balancing or bandwagoning strategy, Indonesia has developed a multidimensional diplomatic approach that seeks strategic autonomy through diversified partnerships, regional leadership within ASEAN, and issue-based cooperation. The article contributes to international relations scholarship by integrating domestic political variables into the analysis of middle-power diplomacy in the Global South. It further argues that Indonesia's foreign policy transformation demonstrates how emerging democracies can preserve policy independence while responding to structural changes in the international system. The study offers broader implications for understanding strategic autonomy among middle powers confronting increasingly polarized global politics.
Islam, Democracy, and Digital Religious Influencers: Reconfiguring Political Authority in Contemporary Indonesia Nadia Kirana Puspitasari; Muhammad Abdullah Mhd Ibrahim; Bambang Narendra Putra
Indonesian Political Transformation Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Political Transformation, April 2026
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Abstract

Digital media has transformed the relationship between religion, politics, and public authority by enabling religious influencers to shape political discourse beyond traditional institutional structures. In Indonesia, the world's largest Muslim-majority democracy, digital religious influencers have become increasingly influential during elections, policy debates, and discussions concerning national identity. However, existing literature has primarily focused on conventional religious organizations, leaving the political significance of digital religious authority insufficiently explored. This study examines how digital religious influencers reshape political authority, democratic participation, and public opinion in contemporary Indonesia. Drawing upon theories of digital religion, political communication, and democratic governance, the research employs qualitative content analysis of social media platforms, complemented by interviews with religious scholars, digital content creators, policymakers, and civil society organizations. The findings suggest that digital platforms decentralize religious authority by enabling new actors to mobilize political support, frame policy debates, and influence electoral preferences independently of established institutions. At the same time, algorithm-driven visibility and online polarization create new governance challenges related to misinformation, identity politics, and democratic deliberation. The article argues that Indonesia represents an important case for understanding how digitalization transforms religious authority within democratic systems across the Global South. The study contributes to comparative scholarship by proposing a conceptual framework linking digital religious authority, political legitimacy, and democratic resilience. It concludes that effective democratic governance increasingly requires policies that promote digital literacy, transparent platform governance, and inclusive civic engagement while safeguarding religious freedom and democratic pluralism.
Electoral Personalization and TikTok Politics: The Transformation of Campaign Strategies in Indonesia's 2024 General Election Laras Maheswari
Indonesian Political Transformation Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Political Transformation, April 2026
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Abstract

The rapid expansion of TikTok has transformed political campaigning by prioritizing personalized communication, algorithmic visibility, and emotionally engaging content over conventional forms of electoral mobilization. Indonesia's 2024 General Election offers an important opportunity to examine how digital platforms reshape campaign strategies and voter engagement in one of the world's largest democracies. Although previous research has explored the political impact of social media, limited attention has been devoted to TikTok's unique role in accelerating electoral personalization and redefining political branding. This study investigates how political candidates, campaign teams, and voters utilized TikTok during Indonesia's 2024 election. Using a mixed qualitative approach, the research combines digital content analysis, engagement metrics, interviews with campaign strategists, and discourse analysis of highly viewed political videos. The findings demonstrate that successful campaign strategies increasingly relied on authenticity, entertainment, emotional storytelling, and algorithmic optimization rather than ideological messaging alone. This transformation contributed to greater political accessibility among younger voters but also encouraged personality-centered politics and simplified policy discussions. The article argues that TikTok has become a significant institution within contemporary electoral politics by reshaping political communication, voter behavior, and democratic participation. It contributes to comparative political communication literature by extending debates on platformization, algorithmic governance, and digital campaigning beyond Western democracies. The findings provide practical implications for election management bodies, policymakers, and digital platforms seeking to balance political innovation with electoral fairness, transparency, and democratic accountability.
From Democratic Backsliding to Institutional Adaptation? Constitutional Politics after Indonesia's 2024 Elections Keisha Amalia Rahman
Indonesian Political Transformation Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Political Transformation, April 2026
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Abstract

Recent political developments in Indonesia have generated extensive academic debate regarding the trajectory of its democratic institutions following the 2024 General Election. Concerns surrounding judicial independence, constitutional interpretation, executive influence, and electoral governance have raised questions about whether Indonesia is experiencing democratic backsliding or institutional adaptation within an evolving constitutional order. While existing studies often frame democratic change through a dichotomy of democratic decline versus democratic resilience, this article argues that Indonesia presents a more nuanced pattern of institutional transformation. Using qualitative constitutional analysis, the study examines judicial decisions, constitutional amendments, legislative developments, parliamentary debates, and expert interviews to assess institutional change between 2019 and 2025. The findings indicate that constitutional institutions continue to demonstrate adaptive capacity despite increasing political centralization, although important concerns remain regarding checks and balances, accountability mechanisms, and institutional independence. Rather than representing irreversible democratic erosion, Indonesia illustrates a process of negotiated institutional adaptation shaped by political bargaining, legal interpretation, and evolving governance practices. The article contributes to comparative constitutional politics by proposing an analytical framework capable of distinguishing democratic adaptation from democratic backsliding in emerging democracies. The study further highlights the importance of institutional resilience, constitutional legitimacy, and civic oversight in maintaining democratic governance under conditions of political transformation. These findings provide broader theoretical insights for comparative research examining constitutional change across transitional democracies in the Global South.
The Political Economy of Indonesia's Downstream Industrialization: Resource Governance and Global Supply Chains Intan Larasati Putri
Indonesian Political Transformation Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Political Transformation, April 2026
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Abstract

Indonesia's downstream industrialization strategy has emerged as a central pillar of national economic transformation by promoting domestic processing of strategic natural resources and reducing dependence on raw commodity exports. While the policy has attracted substantial foreign investment and strengthened Indonesia's role in global manufacturing networks, it has also generated important debates concerning governance, industrial competitiveness, environmental sustainability, and international trade relations. This study examines the political economy of Indonesia's downstream industrialization through the lens of resource governance and global supply chain restructuring. Employing a qualitative political economy approach, the research analyzes industrial policy documents, investment trends, trade statistics, regulatory reforms, and interviews with policymakers, industry representatives, labor organizations, and international investors. The findings indicate that downstream industrialization has significantly enhanced Indonesia's bargaining position within global value chains, particularly in strategic sectors supporting renewable energy technologies. However, institutional fragmentation, environmental governance challenges, labor issues, and evolving international trade regulations continue to influence long-term policy effectiveness. The article argues that successful industrial transformation depends upon coherent governance institutions capable of balancing economic nationalism with global market integration and sustainable development objectives. By integrating theories of developmental states, industrial policy, and global political economy, the study contributes to broader debates concerning industrial upgrading in emerging economies. The findings provide policy lessons for resource-rich developing countries seeking to strengthen domestic industrial capacity while maintaining international competitiveness and environmental responsibility.

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