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BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology
Published by Southeast Asian Regional Centre for Tropical Biology
ISSN : 02156334     EISSN : 1907770X     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.11598/btb
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Veterinary
BIOTROPIA, The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, is a scientific publication of the Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization (SEAMEO) – Southeast Asian Regional Center for Tropical Biology (BIOTROP). It publishes articles in the broad areas of tropical ecosystems and environmental impacts, biodiversity conservation and sustainable development and biotechnology.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 16 No. 2 (2009): BIOTROPIA Vol. 16 No. 2 December 2009" : 6 Documents clear
DISTRIBUTION AND DIVERSITY OF FUSARIUM SPECIES ASSOCIATED WITH GRASSES IN TEN STATES THROUGHOUT PENINSULAR MALAYSIA IZZATI, M.Z, NUR AIN; M.S., SITI NORDAHLIAWATE,; I, NOR AZLIZA,; B, SALLEH,
BIOTROPIA Vol. 16 No. 2 (2009): BIOTROPIA Vol. 16 No. 2 December 2009
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2019.202 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2009.16.2.57

Abstract

Fusarium  is one of   the  important genera associated with grasses as saprophytes endophytesand  pathogens A  study was  carried  out  on  distribution  and  diversity  of  Fusarium  speciesassociated  with  two  groups  of   grasses  in  10  states  throughout  Peninsular  Malaysia  ieagricultural  grasses  Oryza  sativa  and  Saccharum  officinarum  and  nonagricultural  grassesAxonopus compressus Centhotheca lappacea Chloris barbata Crysopogon aciculatus Cyanadon dactylonDactyloctenium  aegyptium Digitaria  ciliaris  Echinochloa  colona  Eleusine  indica  Eragrostis  amabilisEragrostis malayana Eragrostis uniloides Ischaemum magnum Panicum brevifolium Panicum millaneumPanicum repens Paspalum  commersonii Paspalum  conjugatum Paspalum orbiculare Pennisetum purpureumSacciolepis  indica Sporobolus diander and Sporobolus  indicus A  total of  474  isolates were singlespored and  identified by morphological characteristics F  semitectum was  frequently  isolated236 followed by F sacchari and F fujikuroi with 154 and 146 respectively The othernine species were F solani 103 F proliferatum 89 F oxysporum 74 F subglutinans65 F  equiseti  55 F  verticillioides  34 F  compactum  25 F  chlamydosporum  11 andF longipes 08 Based on the ShannonWeiner Index F solani was the highest H 262isolated from grasses Species of  Fusarium from O sativa were widely diverse with 11 speciesfollowed by nonagricultural grasses with nine species and S officinarum with only six speciesThis  is  the  first  report on diversity of  Fusarium associated with grasses  in MalaysiaKey words Oryza  sativa  Saccharum  officinarum  nonagricultural  grass  Fusarium  speciesdiversity  and Gramineae
Discrimination of two species of Orangutans (Pongo sp.): A rapid protocol for rehabilitation centres and zoos Perwitasari-Farajallah, Dyah
BIOTROPIA Vol. 16 No. 2 (2009): BIOTROPIA Vol. 16 No. 2 December 2009
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1168.818 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2009.16.2.52

Abstract

     Currently orangutans exist in increasingly fragmented and isolated populations. While Sumatran orangutan is primarily found in northern Sumatra, the Bornean is distributed in Central, West, and East Kalimantan, Sarawak and Sabah.  The determination of intra- and inter-species variation between Bornean and Sumatran orangutans has been stated to be essential for both the management of orangutan reintroduction projects and the planning of conservation strategies to preserve the remaining wild populations.  This study aimed to identify two species of Orangutans (Pongo sp.) by means of RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms) analyses of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA).  An approximately 540 bp single fragment of the ND5 gene near the 5’-region was PCR amplified for all samples tested.  Digestion pattern for both AluI and MseI were different between two groups of ND5 fragments in this study.  Present result showed a rapid protocol to identify these two species by means of RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) analyses of mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA).  This technique can be applied easily to rehabilitation centres and zoos to resolve species discrimination problem.  Keywords: Orangutans, Pongo sp., Sumatra, Borneo, discrimination
DEVELOPMENT OF ANTIBODY TO RALSTONIA SOLANACEARUM AND ITS APPLICATION FOR DETECTION OF BACTERIAL WILT SURYADI, YADI
BIOTROPIA Vol. 16 No. 2 (2009): BIOTROPIA Vol. 16 No. 2 December 2009
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2341.736 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2009.16.2.58

Abstract

The serological assay for  the detection of  bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia  solanacearum  RSwas able to provide  information regarding the presence of  the pathogen  in plant materials Theresearch is was aimed to develop polyclonal antibody PAb for RS detection Bacterial wholecells of  RS isolates mixed with glutaraldehyde were used to immunize New Zealand femalewhite  rabbit The  titre of  antibody  in culture supernatant was 1 1024 The PAb developed  froma ground nut RS  isolates reacted with  infected plant samples from various  locations It was ableto detect RS antigen of  crude extract and pure cultures from tomato and potato plant samples45 using dot blot ELISA however the minimum detectable concentration of  RS antigen was 10cellsml The PAb obtained in this study is sensitive enough to detect RS isolates in routineserological assayKey words  Bacterial wilt Ralstonia  solanacearum antibody dot blot ELISA
EXOPOLYSACCHARIDE PRODUCTION AND ITS BIOACTIVITIES OF THE EDIBLE PLEUROTUS OSTREATUS IN SUBMERGED CULTURE SASKIAWAN, IWAN
BIOTROPIA Vol. 16 No. 2 (2009): BIOTROPIA Vol. 16 No. 2 December 2009
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1098.901 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2009.16.2.60

Abstract

Submerged cultures were used to study the influence of  various carbon sources on the mycelial biomass and exopolysaccharide production of  Pleurotus  ostreatus. The antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of   the exopolysaccharide were also determined.   The yield of  mycelial biomass of  7.06 g/l, 5.12 g/l, 4.66 g/l, and 2.96 g/l was obtained by utilization of  maltose, glucose,  lactose  and  starch  as  a  carbon  source,  respectively.  Furthermore,  in  the medium containing maltose, lactose, glucose, and starch produce 100.05 mg/l, 97.73 mg/l, 78.63 mg/l, and 70.45 mg/l of  exopolysaccharide, respectively.  The assay of  antimicrobial and antioxidant activity showed that the exopolysaccharide is more active to inhibit the growth of  B. subtilis rather  than  those  of  E.  coli  and  S.  cerevisiae. Furthermore,  the  exopolysaccharide was  also indicated  to have antioxidant activity.Key words: Pleurotus ostreatus, exopolysaccharide, antimicrobial activity, antioxidant activity 
GENETIC VARIATIONS AMONG AQUILARIA SPECIES AND GYRINOPS VERSTEEGII USING AMPLIFIED FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM MARKERS TORUAN-MATHIUS, NURITA; RAHMAWATI, DEWI; ANIDAH
BIOTROPIA Vol. 16 No. 2 (2009): BIOTROPIA Vol. 16 No. 2 December 2009
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2009.16.2.59

Abstract

Aquilaria sp Thymelaeaceae is the most valuable non wood production of  forestry plant in Indonesia It produces a fragrant resin when subjected to fungal attack and has been traded internationally  known  as  gaharu Knowledge  of   genetic  diversity  and  relationship  among species and genus is important for breeding purposes and species conservation In this study genetic variability of  six Aquilaria species were analyzed using the AmplifiedFragment Length Polymorphism  AFLP  markers  Ten  AFLP  primer combinations  amplified  1353  DNA fragments ranging  in size from100 to 350 bp of  which 1285 95 of  them were polymorphic Genetic similarities among Aquilaria sp consisted of  A malaccensis A beccariana A microcarpa and A  crassna  ranged  from 6390  to 7200 based on Dice coefficient The dendrogram derived by the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean of  germplasm analysiswere clustered into two main groups Hence a genetic variation among species is quiet high Bootstrap  values for  the  groups  supported  70  of   the  cluster  using  a linear  relationship equation of  r 0724 P 00001 was observedbetween known pedigrees and AFLPderived genetic similarity for 136 pairwise comparisons of  Aquilaria species For example A malacensis and A microcarpa have the highest genetic similarity 7200 compared with another Aquilaria species Primer pairs EACGMCTA produced a specific fragment for A beccariana 850 bp A  crasna 550 bp 180 bp and 140 bp A malaccencis 1500 bp A microcarpa 250 bp and Gyrinops versteegii 150 bp Primer pairs EACGMCAA produced a specific DNA fragment only for A beccariana 1500 bp and 100 bp  Primer pairs EACCMCAC also produced only specific fragment for A crassna 1500 bp Study showed the usefulness of  AFLP analysis in Aquilaria  sp  and  its  potential  application  for  breeding and  species  conservation  Further molecular  diversity  estimated  in  the  present  study  combined  with  the  datasets  on  other morphologicalagronomic  traits will be useful  for  selecting  the appropriate accessions  for plant improvement  through conventional and molecular breeding approaches.Key words Gaharu Aquilaria sp Gyrinops sp genetic diversity molecular marker amplifiedfragment  length polymorphism  AFLP
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF METHANOTROPHIC BACTERIA FROM RICE FIELDS Rusmana, Iman; AKHADIYA, ALINA
BIOTROPIA Vol. 16 No. 2 (2009): BIOTROPIA Vol. 16 No. 2 December 2009
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2009.16.2.53

Abstract

Methane is a greenhouse gas and has potency to deplete ozone layer.  Rice fields are a significantly sources of atmospheric methane.  Chemical fertilizers application in rice fields can increase methane emission. Methanotrophic bacteria are unique in their ability to utilize methane as a sole carbon and energy source.  This research was successfully isolating and characterizing methanotrophic bacteria from rice fields in Bogor and Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia.  Determination of methane oxidation activity using Gas Chromatography showed that all isolates performed methane oxidation activity.  The highest methane oxidation activity was performed by BGM 9 isolate. And DNA amplification of BGM 9 genome was performed single band of mmoX in the size of 500 bp and three bands of pmoA  in the size of 1000, 750 and 500 bp respectively

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