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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 32 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 44, No 02 (2012)" : 32 Documents clear
The association of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2922126 within ghrelin and growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a (GHSR1a) gene with insulin resistance in obese female adolescents in Yogyakarta Special Region Madarina Julia, Cut Gina Inggriyani Rina Susilowati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 44, No 02 (2012)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Previous study reported that among 79 obese female adolescents in Yogyakarta Special Region, 44 (55.7%) of them have insulin resistance. However, no significant differences on dietary habits and physical activity between the obese female who have insulin resistance and thosewho are insulin sensitive were observed. Therefore, it was thought that genetic factors are involved in the occurrence of insulin resistance. Ghrelin and growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) genes have been associated with the insulin signaling pathway with implicationsin insulin resistance. The study aimed to analyze the association between SNP (single nucleotid polymorphism) rs2922126 in GHSR1a gene with insulin resistance in obese female adolescents in Yogyakarta Special Region. Seventy eight obese female adolescents who were selected in theprevious study were involved in this study. Secondary data including name of subjects, age, body height, body weight, BMI (body mass index), fasting glucose level, fasting insulin level, waist circumference and HOMA-IR index were obtained from previous study. Polymerase Chai Reaction (PCR) and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) methods were used to the genotype analysis of SNP rs2922126. Chi-square test was used to calculate odds ratio on genotype and allele of SNP rs2922126 GHSR1a gene in insulin resistance and insulin sensitive groups. The results showed that A/A genotype individuals in SNP rs2922126 had higher risk to develop insulin resistance, compared to A/T and T/T genotypes individuals (OR: 2.03; 95%CI: 0.54-7.57). However, it was not significantly different (p>0.05). Individuals with A/A genotype and A allele carriers at SNP rs2922126 tended to have a higher value of BMI, fasting glucose level, fasting insulin level, HOMA-IR, and waist circumference compared to other carriers, althoughit was not significant (p>0.05). It can be concluded that SNP rs2922126 in GHSR1a gene is not associated with insulin resistance in obese female adolescents in Yogyakarta Special Region.Keywords: GHSR1a gene - SNP rs2922126 - insulin resistance - female - obese
Assessment of maximal urinary flow rate (Qmax) of urethral stricture patients three weeks post internal urethrotomy Sachse in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta Ishandono Dachlan, Juni Ariston Tambunan Prawito Singodimedjo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 44, No 02 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Urethral stricture is a common urologic problem in developing countries including Indonesia dueto its high prevalence. Internal urethrotomy is still the gold standard to return patients to a stateof normal voiding. To evaluate the outcome of the internal urethrotomy, uroflowmetry assessmentcan be conducted with its principal variable of maximal urinary flow rate (Qmax). Since 1985, inDr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta, the internal urethrotomy has been used as the maintreatment modality to manage the urethral stricture. However, its outcome has not beenevaluated. The aim of this study was to evaluate Qmax of urethral stricture patients postinternal urethrotomy Sachse in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital. This was a cross-sectional studyperformed starting from November 2009 to April 2010. The Qmax was assessed using theuroflowmeter three weeks after internal urethrotomy. The length and the locations of the patients’stricture, as well as its correlation with Qmax were also measured and evaluated. Among 24patients selected, 13 patients who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were involved inthis study. The mean of the Qmax of patients was 22.3±6.7 mL/s.The mean of Qmax ofpatients who had the length of urethral stricture of d” 2 cm (14.8±3.8 mL/s) was significantlyhigher than patients who had length of à 2 cm (6.4±2.6 mL/s) (p=0.03), whereas patients whohad the location of urethral stricture on anterior (12.4±5.4 mL/s) were not significantly differentcompared to patients who had those on posterior (8.5±4.9 mL/s) (p=0.398). In conclusion, themajority of patients returned to a state of normal urinary tract function post internal urethrotomy.The Qmax of urethral stricture patients after internal urethrotomy are influenced by the lengthof the stricture but not by its location.Keywords: urethral stricture - urethrography - Sachse - uroflowmetry - Qmax
The diagnostic value of fine needle aspiration biopsy and ultrasonography on thyroid nodule in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta Ishandono Dachlan, Wicaksono Probowoso
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 44, No 02 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

As the prevalence of thyroid cancer increases, a diagnostic method that can identify malignancy that warrants further surgical treatment is needed. Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and ultrasonography (USG) are preoperative test for diagnosing thyroid tumor. This research aimed to calculate the diagnostic value of FNAB and USG on thyroid nodule patients in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta. This was a diagnostic test study using a retrospective designusing data from medical records of patients with thyroid nodules from January 2006 to December 2010. The diagnositic value of FNAB and USG including sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy were calculated and compared with histopathological examination as the gold standard. Ninety medical records data of patients consisting of 71 females and 19 males who were diagnosed thyroid nodule with FNAB or USG before surgery were evaluated in this study. The results of FNAB of 90 patients were as follows: 54 (60.0%) benign, 6 (6.7%) malignant, and 30 (33.3%) follicular neoplasm. Meanwhile, the results USG of 90 patients were as follows: 38 (42.2%) benign, 15 (16.7%) malignant and 37 (41.1%) non determined. The diagnostic value of FNAB was described as follows: sensitivity of50.0%, specificity of 100%, PPV of 100%, NPV of 50.0% and an accuracy of 60.0%, whereas the diagnostic value of USG was described as follows: sensitivity of 81.8%, specificity of87.5%, PPV 60%, NPV 94.5% and accuracy of 50.0%. In conclusion, the diagnostic value of FNAB and USG in stablishing diagnosis of thyroid nodule is still low. The FNAB has higher accuracy compared to USG for diagnosing thyroid nodules.Keywords: diagnostic value - fine needle aspiration - ultrasonography - thyroid nodule - histopathological examination
The effect of a formulation containing honey, black cumin, propolis and royal jelly on blood glucose level and pancreatic -cells of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats Setyo Purwono,Sitarina Widyarini,Mustofa, Sunyoto, Umi Mahmudah, Sindu Oktivasari,Eti Nurwening Shol
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 44, No 02 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

A formulation containing 40% of honey, 30% of black cumin, 20% of propolis and 10% of royaljelly has been available in the market for the treatment of diabetes. Although each content ofthe formulation is proven to possess antioxidant and antihyperglycemic activities, its combinationeffect has not been evaluated yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of thisformulation on blood glucose level and pancreatic -cells of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabeticrats. Thirty six male Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus) aged 11 weeks with body weight 100-150 gwere used in this study. The rats were divided into 6 groups with 6 rats in each group. Group 1was non diabetic rats that were given aquadest. Group 2 was diabetic rats that were givenaquadest. Group 3 was diabetic rats that were given metformin at dose of 45 mg/kg BW. Group4-6 were diabetic rats that were given formulation tested at dose of 3, 6 and 12 mL/kg BW,respectively. All rats were induced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ at 60 mg/kg BW anddiabetic rats were then orally administered the formulation tested or metformin twice daily for14 days. Blood glucose level was monitored on day 10 and 17 after STZ induction. Rats weresacrificed and pancreas samples were taken for histopathological examination. The results showedthat the blood glucose level decreased significantly after seven days of treatment with metforminor fomulation tested and continued after 14 days of treatment. The blood glucose level ofdiabetic rats after 14 days of treatment returned to the normal level. The vacuolization of thepancreatic -cells of diabetic rats treated with metformin or with formulation tested were lowerthan untreated diabetic rats but still higher than non diabetic rats. In conclusion, the formulationtested has antihyperglicemic and protective effect on -cells damage in diabetic rats.Keywords: diabetic rats - honey - black cumin - propolis - royal jelly - antihyperglicemic
Clinical signs as diagnostic test to assess hypoxemia in children with acute asthma exacerbation Endy Paryanto Prawirohartono, Latifah Hanum Roni Naning
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 44, No 02 (2012)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Asthma attack can cause hypoxemia. One of the methods to detect hypoxemia is by using pulseoximetry. However, this tool is not always available in some health care centres. Therefore, amore rapid and simple diagnostic tool is needed as an alternative method to detect hypoxemia.This study aimed to assess signs and symptoms as diagnostic tools for hypoxemia in childrenwith asthma. This was an analytical observational with cross-sectional design performed inDepartment of Pediatrics, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Universitas GadjahMada, Yogyakarta. The study was started in Februari 2010 until the sample size was sufficient.Seventy seven children with asthma between 0 – 18 years old who were presented to EmergencyDepartment and Respiratory Outpatient Clinic were involvoled in this study. All subjects wereexamined for clinical signs and oxygen saturation as the gold standard. The prevalence ofhypoxemia in children with asthma in this study was 18.2%. The best single clinical predictor ofhypoxemia was tachycardia that yielded a sensitivity of 86% (95%CI: 67 – 100%) and specificityof 59% (95%CI: 49 – 71%), and nasal flaring yielded a sensitivity of 79% and specificity of79%. The combination of 2 clinical signs namely chest wall retraction-nasal flaring increased asensitivity of 79% and specificity of 71%, chest wall retraction-tachycardia increased a sensitivityof 86% and a specificity of 76%, chest wall retraction-tachypnoe increased a sensitivity of 86%and a specificity of 51%, tachycardia-tachypnoea increased a sensitivity of 79% and a specificityof 76%. The combination 3 clinical sign namely chest wall retraction-tachycardia-tachypnoeayielded a sensitivity of 79% and specificity of 79%. In conclusion, chest wall retraction andtachycardia have higher diagnostic score than other clinical signs to assess hypoxemia in childrenwith asthma on acute exacerbation.Keywords: asthma - hypoxemia - clinical signs - children - assessment
The influence of Pfannenstiel and midline incisions to the wound condition on the third day post gynecologic surgery Ibnu Pranoto, Nita Tri Kurniati Sulchan Sofoewan
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 44, No 02 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Many factors should be considered by a surgeon to choose an abdominal incision, such as incision extensibility, speed of operation, presence or absence of adhisions, hemostasis problems, possibility of postoperative complications such as infections, hernia or dehiscence, and wound healing. Midline or linea mediana incision makes the field operation seem wider, therefore the operations can be performed more uickly. Meanwhile, transverse incision such as Pfannenstielincision is gaining popularity with the less incidence of infection, hernia, and wound dehiscence because this technique follows Langer’s lines resulting in reduced traction at the skin edges and making better wound closure and approximation. This study aimed to evaluate the influence ofPfannenstiel and midline incisions to the wound condition on the third day post gynecologic surgery. This was an observational study using a prospective cohort study design. The subjects were patients with the indications for gynecologic surgery in Dr. Sardjito General HospitalYogyakarta and affiliated hospitals who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Sixty subjects were divided into two groups i.e. 30 subjects who underwent Pfannenstiel incision as treatment group and 30 subjects who underwent linea mediana incision as control group. The characteristicsof subjects of both group were not significantly different. No significant difference of the wound condition on the third day after surgery between subjects who underwent Pfannenstiel and linea mediana incisions was observed in this study (p=0.212). The risk of the wound beingnot dried yet on the third day after sugery on subjects who underwent linea mediana incision technique was 2.5 times higher compared to subjects who underwent Pfannenstiel incision technique. However, it was not statistically different (p= 0.212; RR= 2.5; 95%CI= 0.525-11.894). In conclusion, there is no significantly different effect of Pfannenstiel and linea mediana incisions to the wound condition on the third day post gynecologic surgery.Keywords: Pfannenstiel incision - midline incision - wound healing - gynecologic surgery -complication
Expression of receptor advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and histological picture of pancreatic -cells of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats after yellow soybean powder suspension (Glycine max) administration Dominggos Gonsalves Sri Lestari Sulistyo Sri Kadarsih Soejono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 44, No 02 (2012)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (9405.961 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/jms.2014/001

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a multisystemic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to defects ininsulin secretion and action, or both. Hyperglycemia is the most important factor in the onsetand progress of diabetic complications. Hyperglycemia increases the expression of receptor foradvanced glycosylation end products (RAGE) which leads to pancreatic -cells damage. Yellowsoybean (Glycine max) is reported to contain isoflavones which have various biological propertiesincluding antidiabetes. Dietary soybean can prevent the progression of diabetic complications.This study was conducted to investigate the effects of yellow soybean powder suspension onexpression of RAGE and pancreatic -cells damage of diabetic rats. Thirty streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic Sprague Dawley male rats aged 11-12 weeks with body weight 200-250 g wereused in this study. The rats were divided into 5 groups with 6 rats in each group. Group 1 wasnon diabetic rats. Group 2 was diabetic rats without treatment. Group 3-5 were given yellowsoybean powder suspension of 400, 800 and 1600 mg/kg BW for four weeks, respectively. Atthe end of the experiment, pancreases tissues were removed for examination of RAGE expressionand pancreatic -cells. The results showed that yellow soybean powder suspension ingestionsignifantly decreased blood glucose level of diabetic rats toward normality (p<0.05). Moreover,the percentage of RAGE expression on Group 3 (50.01±2.75%) and Group 2 (53.03±4.02%)were not significantly different (p>0.05). Meanwhile, the percentage of RAGE expression onGroup 4 (42.43±4.08%) and Group 5 (40.62±3.42%) were significantly lower than Group 2(p<0.05). The percentage of pancreatic -cells on Group 2 (10.04±1.56%) was not significantlydifferent compared to Group 3 (8.61±0.81%) (p>0.05), whereas the percentage of pancreatic-cells in Group 4 (16.78±7.79%) and in Group 5 (22.03±11.51%) were significantly higherthan Group 2 (p<0.05). In conclusion, yellow soybean powder suspension can decrease RAGEexpression and prevent pancreatic -cells damage on STZ-induced diabetic rats.Keywords: pancreatic cells - Langerhans islets - streptozotocine - diabetic rats - soybeans
The effect of food supplementation on nutritional status of severemalnourishment children aged 12-59 months in Sleman District, Yogyakarta Special Region Ahmad Lubaid Endy Paryanto Prawirohartono Soeroyo Machfudz
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 44, No 02 (2012)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Malnutrition and malnourishment are still big problems among children in Indonesia. Age between12 to 59 months is the most important and critical time periods for the physical and intelligencedevelopment of children. Therefore, the children should obtain a good health care and nutritionaccording to their needs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of foodsupplementation on the nutritional status of children in Sleman District, Yogyakarta SpecialRegion. This was a quasi experimental study involving 60 severe malnourishment children betweenthe age of 12-59 months from Sayegan Sub Districts. Body weight and height of the childrenwere measured before and after food supplementation. Food supplements were given for 100days. The outcome of this study was the change of nutritional status based on Z-score accordingto the Ministry of Health classification adopted from WHO-NCHS (World Health Organization-US National Center for Health Statistics) recommendations. According to Z score for weight-forage(WAZ), the food supplementation did not improve the nutritional status of children. Althoughthe nutritional status of 25.87% children increased and the mean of WAZ significantly increased1.04 to be -3.29 after supplementation (p<0.05), the mean of nutritional status of the childrenwas still the worst (WAZ <-3SD). According to Z score height-for-age (HAZ), foodsupplementation did not improve nutritional status of the children either. The mean of HAZbefore food supplementation (-2.53) was not signifantly different compared to after foodsupplementation (-2.45). Moreover, mean of nutritional status of the children after foodsupplementation was still short (HAZ <-2SD). According to Z score weight-for-height (WHZ),food supplementation improved the nutritional status in 86.21% children. The mean of WHZsignificantly increased 1.13 from -3.35 to be -2.22 after food supplementation (p<0.05) indicatingthe change of nutritional status from wasted (WHZ <-3SD) to thin (WHZ <-2SD to -3SD). Inconclusion, food supplementation on children aged 12-59 months succeeds to improve theirnutritional status according to WHZ.Keywords: poor family - nutritional status - children - severe malnourishment - Z-score
Sexual dysfunction in psoriasis patients: study on the relationship between disease severity and degree of stress due to prosiasis Indri Yulia Rahardani Retno Danarti Sunardi Radiono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 44, No 02 (2012)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Psoriasis is a chronic, systemic, and immune-mediated skin disease that can affect physical,psychological and social functions of patients leading to a significant impact on sexualdysfunction. The aim of study was to evaluate the relationship between disease severity anddegree of stress with sexual dysfunction in psoriasis patients. This was an observational studyusing case control design. Subjects were psoriasis vulgaris patients who visited SquamousDivision, Polyclinic of Department of Dermato-Venereology, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital/Facultyof Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. Disease severity was assessed using psoriasisarea severity index (PASI), whereas sexual dysfunction was evaluated using arizona sexualexperience scale (ASEX) and Psoriasis-related psychological stress was assessed using psoriasislife stress inventory (PLSI). Among 93 patients of psoriasis, 38 patients (40.8%) suffered fromsexual dysfunction. Factors that influence the occurrence of sexual dysfunction in psoriasispatients were disease severity (p=0.00), psoriasis-related stress (p=0.00), disease onset (p=0.03),age (p=0.04) and joint pain (p=0.04). In conclusion, disease severity and degree of stress areassociated with sexual dysfunction on psoriasis patients.
Polymorphism of vascular endhothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene insertion/ deletion -2549 as risk factor of diabetic retinophathy in Javanese patients with type 2 diabetes Jems Kifen Roget Maay Ahmad Hamim Sadewa Maliyah Madiyan
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 44, No 02 (2012)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a visual disorder caused by the diabetic microvascular complications.Genetic polymorphism in the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene plays an importanrole in the susceptibility of DR. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of thepolymorphism of VEGF gene insetion/deletion (I/D) -2549 with DR in Javanese type 2 diabetesmellitus (DM) patients. This was a case control study involving 40 Javanese type 2 DM patientswith DR as case subjects and 40 Javanese type 2 DM patients without DR as control subjects.Type 2 DM patients with DR were recruited from Eye Polyclinic, whereas type 2 DM patientswithout DR were recruited from Endocrine Polyclinic of Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta.Genotyping of VEGF gene I/D-2549 was conducted using PCR-RFLP method. Plasma VEGFlevels were measured using Enzym-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The genotype distributionof DD (67.5%) and the allele frequency of D (82.5%) in type 2 DM patients with DR was higherthan those without DR (27.5% for DD genotype and 56.3% for D allele). The OR of DD and IDgenotypes versus II genotype between type 2 DM patients with DR and without DR was 6.882(95%CI: 0.789-60.060; p=0.048), whereas OR for the D allele versus I allele between type 2 DMpatients with DR and without DR was 3.667 (95%CI: 1.773-3.667; p=0.000). The plasma VEGFlevels of DD genotype (92.16±49.73 pg/mL) were significantly higher than ID genotype(42.70±33.29 pg/mL) in type 2 DM patients (p=0.000). In conclusion, the polymorphism ofVEGF gene I/D -2549 is associated with DR in Javanese type 2 DM patients. The DD genotypeand D allele of the VEGF gene polymorphism are the risk factor of DR in those patients. Theassociation of the polymorphism of VEGF gene with DR may be explained with the high plasmaVEGF level.Keywords: vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) - polymorphism - diabetes - retinopathy- Javanese patients

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