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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 27 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 52, No 3 (2020)" : 27 Documents clear
Reviewers Acknowledgment for Special Issue: COVID-19 Journal of Medical Sciences
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 52, No 3 (2020): Special Issue: COVID-19
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (86.364 KB)

Abstract

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Immunopathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndromecoronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection: a concise update Dewi, Shinta Trilaksmi; Soebono, Hardyanto
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 52, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1310.314 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci005203202009

Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus which has been identified as the cause of the recently emerging coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a respiratory-related infectious disease, in late 2019. As of May 2020, SARS-CoV-2 has infected millions of people with almost 300.000 deaths worldwide only within few months since its first case was reported. While this infection mostly results in mild diseases, the increasing number of severe cases and deaths cannot be overlooked. Due to its novelty, many facets of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis are not well understood. This review presents updated knowledge on the key virus characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and critical notes in the pathogenesis of this viral infection in human that is currently proposed to largely involve various aspects of the host immune responses. While the immediate impact of viral infection in the target cells contributes to the development of the disease, the ability of the virus to modify the host responses may result in the dysregulation of innate and adaptive immune responses, which commonly manifest in the severe spectrum of the disease. Having deep understanding on this complex process is central for tailoring appropriate management for the infected patients as well as for developing effective preventive measures, most importantly vaccine, which is hoped to occur in the near future.
Effects of ciprofloxacin concentrations on the resistance of uropathogen Escherichia coli: in vitro kinetics and dynamics simulation mode Maya Dian Rakhmawatie; . Mustofa; Eti Nurwening Sholikhah
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 52, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (501.761 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci005203202001

Abstract

Ciprofloxacin is recommended for complicated urinary tract infection (UTIs) caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens included Escherichia coli. However, its optimum dose for UTIs remains uncertain that may cause the bacterial resistance. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of ciprofloxacin concentrations on the resistance of E. coli. The in vitro pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) models of ciprofloxacin 750 mg oral dose twice a day for one daywas compared to that dose of 500 mg twice a day for three days.Pharmacokinetic parameters i.e.AUC0-24 and Cmax. and pharmacodynamic parameter i.e. MIC of ciprofloxacin against E. coli which previously had MIC of 0.5 µg/mL were determined. The PK/PD parameters combination of ciprofloxacin included AUC0-24/MIC, Cmax/MIC, and T>MIC ratio were used to evaluate its antimicrobial activities which was measured based on kill and re-growth rates of bacterial colony after the ciprofloxacin administration. The result showed that MIC value against E. coli increase to 8-16 and 32-64 µg/mL after ciprofloxacin 750 and 500 mg administration, respectively, indicating the emergence of resistance. Both doses of ciprofloxacin were able to reduce the number of bacterial colony in the first two hours administration. However, after two hours administration, those both doses could make re-growth of bacterial colony. The value of AUC0-24/MIC (120.42±1.27 vs.92.62±9.36), Cmax/MIC (4.75±0.21 vs. 3.26±0.30), and (T>MIC 89.58±7.22 vs. 76.39±9.39) after ciprofloxacin administration at dose of 750 mg were higher than those at dose of 500 mg. The increase of AUC0-24/MIC and Cmax/MIC values could reduce the number of bacteria colony, however could not for T>MIC value. In conclusion, the AUC0-24/MIC and Cmax/MIC parameters of ciprofloxacincan be used to evaluate its activity. In addition, ciprofloxacin twice per day at dose 500 mg for three days and 750 mg for one day are not different in the inhibition of E. coli resistance emergence.
Dysphagia as presenting symptom of myasthenia gravis: a case series of successful outcome in multidisciplinary approach Anton Haryono; Rery Budiarti; . Muyassaroh
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 52, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (401.667 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci005203202010

Abstract

Dysphagia can be caused by mechanic or neurologic disorders. Neurologic dysphagia is commonly related to cerebrovascular disease, parkinson disease, amyotropic lateral sclerosis, tardive dyskinesia, and myasthenia gravis (MG). About 15-40% dysphagia occurred in MG generalized type. Only 6% MG with dysphagia were reported as a single symptom. The case reports aimed to demonstrate the role of otolaryngologist in multidisciplinary approach of the MG management. Two cases of MG were reported. First case was a 33 years old woman with moderate MG generalized type with ocular, dysphagia, and disarthria symptoms and second case was a 46 years old man with acute severe MG with crisis. Management therapy was applied according to onset and severity of MG. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and corticosteroid were administered for the first case, whereas therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) for second case. In conclusion, disfagia in MG can be accompanied with other symptom, therefore its management should be based on the severity in order to give a positive result.
Association between serum soluble ST2 level and right ventricle systolic function on pulmonary hypertension due to atrial septal defect Firandi Saputra; Anggoro Budi Hartopo; Hariadi Hariawan; Dyah Wulan Anggrahini; Lucia Kris Dinarti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 52, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (14.941 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci005203202005

Abstract

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) due to atrial septal defect (ASD) may cause a decline in right ventricle (RV) function. Soluble ST2 isa prognostic biomarker for left ventricle dysfunction. However, its role in RV function has not been investigated. This study aimed to investigate the association between serumsoluble ST2 with RV systolic function in patients withASD–associatedPH. This was a cross sectional study. Subjects were patients participated in the COHARD-PH registry performed in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta Indonesia. The patients with ASD and PH confirmed by right heart catheterization (RHC) were enrolled in this study. The soluble ST2 level was measured in the serum collected from pulmonary artery during RHC. Right ventricle systolic function was determined by transthoracic echocardiography using peak systolic velocity of tricuspid annulus (S’) parameter. This study was performed in 32 adults with uncorrected ASD. They predominantly females [n=29 (90.6%)] with median age of 31(22.5-44.0) years old. Mean ASD diameter was 2.69±0.53 cm. Median mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) 45.0 (36.25-70.0) mmHg. Median soluble ST2 level was 23.28 ng/mL. There were no significant correlations between soluble ST2 level with S’value (r=0.071; p=0.35), with mPAP (r=0.043; p=0.815), with pulmonary vasculer resistance (PVR) (r=0.025; p=0.893) and with right ventricle (RV) diameter (r=0.200; p=0.273). Soluble ST2 level was found higher in subject with RV dysfunctionbut not statistically significant. In conclusion, serum soluble ST2 level did not associate withRV systolic function, measured by S’, in adult ASD-associated PH.
Correlation between CD44 expression on histopathological grading, metastasis, survival overall (SO) and disease free survival (DFS) on women breast cancer Ahmad Syaifudin; Septiman Septiman; Indra Indra; Prihantono Prihantono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 52, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (328.98 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci005203202006

Abstract

Breast cancer is one of the health problems in the world. In Indonesia, it washighest prevalence of cancerin 2018. CD44, a non-kinase transmembrane glycoprotein, plays an important role in cancer development and progression.It isresponsible for mediating of the adhesion between adjacent cells andalsobetween cells and the extracellular matrix. The aim of study was to investigatethe relationship between the CD44 expressionand histopathological grading, metastasis, overall survival (OS) as well as disease free survival (DFS)in breast cancer patients.Thiswas a retrospective cross sectional studyusing data on medical records of breast cancer cases at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo General Hospital, Makasarfrom 2016 to 2018. Examination of CD44 expression were performed from paraffin block samples.Data of the CD44 expression and medical records obtained were then presented in tables and statistically analyzed using chi-squared and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis.No significantly relationship between the CD44 expression and histopathological grading was reported (p>0.05). However, significantly relationship between the CD44 expression and metastasis war reported (p<0.01). Patients with metastasis havinghigh CD44 expression was significantly higher (90%) than those patients without metastasis (60%) (p<0.01). No significantly relationship between the CD44 expression and OS or DFS was reported (p>0.05). In conclusion, there isrelationship between CD44 expression and metastasis in the breast cancer patients. However, there is norelationship between CD44 expression and histopathological grading, OS as well as DFS. 
A simple epidemic model of COVID-19 and its application to Ukrainian, Indonesian, and the global data Serhii O. Soloviov; Mohamad S. Hakim; Iryna V. Dzyublyk; Serhii H. Ubohov; Ozar P. Mintser; Viktor V. Trokhymchuk
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 52, No 3 (2020): Special Issue: COVID-19
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (469.019 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSciSI005203202001

Abstract

At the beginning of 2020, one of the most significant health problems for humanity is the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here, we identify features and develop simple epidemic model of COVID-19 on the basis of available epidemiological data and existing trends worldwide. Modeling of COVID-19 epidemic process was based on a classic model. A key parameter of the model, i.e. transmission parameter of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was determined numerically with the use of available epidemiological daily reports of COVID-19 from 17 April to 23 May 2020. Numerical determination of transmission parameter of SARS-CoV-2 according to the absolute number of COVID-19 cases in Ukraine, Indonesia and worldwide data showed its global tendency to decrease over time. Approximation of the obtained numerical values of the transmission parameter of SARS-CoV-2 was carried out using the exponential function. The results of prognostic modeling showed that by the end of summer 2020, above 30 thousand COVID-19 cases are expected in Ukraine, 100 thousand COVID-19 cases in Indonesia, and 12 million COVID-19 cases worldwide. Thus, predicting the possible consequences of the implementation of various health care control programs COVID-19 involves a comprehensive study of the epidemic process of the disease as a whole and for certain periods of time with the subsequent construction of an adequate prediction model.

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