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ZERO-FIELD NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE FOR STUDY OF ANTIFERROMAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF FeF3 MATERIALS Suwandi, G. R. F.; Khotimah, S. N.; Haryanto, F.
Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia Vol 12, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jpfi.v12i1.3688

Abstract

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) has been used as a research tool in many fields. In this study, the magnetic properties, especially anti-ferromagnetic properties of FeF3 materials were investigated. Zero-field custom-built NMR method was used to investigate the anti-ferromagnetic properties in the materials. Experiments have been carried out by varying the sample temperatures from 8 K to 220 K. Ordinary spin echo pulse sequence 90⁰RF–τ–180⁰RF were used. Using Fast Fourier Transform, the signals in NMR spectrum were analyzed and the peak showed the resonance frequency. The result showed that resonance frequencies decrease with increasing in temperature. The frequency of the spectrum was around 85.41 MHz in the zero-temperature limit, and this corresponds with Fe hyperfine field at zero-temperature limit was 2.14 T. The temperature dependence of the local magnetization does not fit T2 Bloch’s Law very well. Instead, it fits the exponential form having an energy gap in the dispersion relation of the spin wave. It is obtained from the result that FeF3 is antiferromagnetic materials with energy gap of 11.466 meV and anisotropy energy of 1.045 meV.Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) telah banyak digunakan sebagai “research tool” pada berbagai bidang kajian di fisika. Pada studi ini, akan dilakukan eksperimen untuk menguji sifat magnetik, khususnya antiferromagnetik pada material FeF3. Telah dilakukan eksperimen dengan memvariasikan temperatur pada sampel dari 8 K hingga 220 K. Pulse sequence yang digunakan adalah 90⁰RF–τ–180⁰RF. Dengan memanfaatkan Fast Fourier Transform, sinyal echo ini dapat dianalisis dalam bentuk spektrum NMR dengan puncak spektrum menunjukkan frekuensi resonansinya. Diperoleh bahwa frekuensi resonansi akan menurun seiring dengan kenaikan temperatur. Posisi frekuensi pada temperatur 0 K adalah sebesar 85,41 MHz, hal ini memperlihatkan bahwa medan hyperfine dari Fe sebesar 2,14 T pada temperatur 0 K. Kurva antara frekuensi resonansi dengan temperatur menunjukkan bahwa magnetisasi tidak tepat sebanding dengan hukum Bloch T2 namun lebih cocok dengan bentuk persamaan eksponensial yang berkaitan dengan suatu gap energi yang berasal dari dispersi spin wave. Hal ini menguatkan bahwa bahan FeF3 merupakan bahan yang bersifat antiferromagnetik, namun bukan antiferromagnetik sederhana. Berdasarkan fitting, diperoleh gap energi sebesar 11,466 meV dan energi anisotropi sebesar 1,045 meV.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF AIR-THEME INTEGRATED SCIENCE TEACHING MATERIAL USING FOUR STEPS TEACHING MATERIAL DEVELOPMENT Arifin, A.; Sjaeful, A.
Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia Vol 12, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jpfi.v12i1.5459

Abstract

The purposes of this study are to develop, to test the feasibility, to describe the characteristic, and to test the students understanding about integrated science teaching material about air using Four Steps Teaching Material Development (4S TMD). The Research and Development method was use to develop integrated science teaching materials which is involving  all science perspectives that are not presented in junior high school science book. The air theme was chosen in this study since it can be explained using biology, chemistry, physics, and earth and space science  perspectives. Development the teaching materials was consists of selection, structuring, characterization, and reduction didactic steps. Based on the of feasibility test results, the teaching material is qualified in content, presentation, language, and graphic feasibility aspects. The characteristic of this teaching material expose the closeness theme with student daily lifes and its compatibility with National Books Standard. Based on the understanding test results, the teaching material is qualified in understanding aspect with high category. It can be concluded that the teaching material qualified to be used as supplement teaching material of science learning.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan, menguji kelayakan, memaparkan karakteristik, dan menguji keterpahaman bahan ajar IPA terpadu pada tema udara untuk siswa SMP kelas VII melalui Four Steps Teaching Material Development (4S TMD). Penelitian dengan metode Research and Development (R&D) ini dilatar belakangi oleh tidak tersedianya bahan ajar IPA SMP yang disajikan secara terpadu melalui tema udara. Pengembangan bahan ajar IPA terpadu tema udara terdiri dari tahap seleksi, strukturisasi, karakterisasi dan reduksi didaktik. Berdasarkan uji kelayakan, bahan ajar telah memenuhi aspek kelayakan isi, kelayakan penyajian, kelayakan bahasa dan kelayakan kegrafikan. Karakteristik bahan ajar meliputi kedekatan tema bahan ajar dengan siswa, dan kesesuaian bahan ajar dengan standar BSNP. Berdasarkan uji keterpahaman, bahan ajar telah memenuhi aspek keterpahaman dengan kategori tinggi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahan ajar IPA terpadu berupa buku dengan tema udara yang telah melewati empat tahap pengembangan yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan ajar pendamping pembelajaran IPA.
STUDENTS’ UNDERSTANDING OF FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS OF MECHANICAL WAVE
Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia Vol 12, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jpfi.v12i1.3804

Abstract

Contrast to force and motion concepts, students’ difficulties related to physics concepts underlying mechanical wave propagation has getting less attention in physics education research. This study exposed common students’ difficulties in solving conceptual problems related to mechanical wave propagation. Subject consisted of 128 first-year students in physics department of UM, enrolling the Introductory Physics II in 2013/2014 academic year. Data was gathered using two-tier, multiple choices test with Confidence Scale Rating. The study concluded that some fundamental concepts of wave such as general mathematical representation of wave propagation, motion of medium particles, and the relationship of v = λf, were not well understood by most students; even many students hold misconceptions. The study suggested further research to explore the causes of student’s difficulties more outentically, for example, using think aloud or clinical interview methods.Kontras dengan topik gaya dan gerak, kesulitan siswa terkait konsep-konsep yang melandasi fenomena perambatan gelombang masih kurang mendapatkan perhatian para peneliti pendidikan fisika. Artikel ini mengangkat kesulitan umum yang dialami mahasiswa dalam memecahkan masalah konseptual terkait fenomena perambatan gelombang. Subjek penelitian terdiri atas 128 mahasiswa tahun pertama jurusan fisika UM yang mengikuti perkuliahan Fisika Dasar II tahun akademik 2013/2014. Analisis didasarkan pada jawaban mahasiswa terhadap soal pilihan ganda dan tingkat keyakinan mahasiswa terhadap ketepatan jawabannya. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa konsep-konsep fundamental yang meliputi representasi matematis tentang karakteristik umum gelombang berjalan, gerakan partikel medium saat dilewati gelombang, dan hubungan  belum dipahami dengan baik oleh sebagian besar mahasiswa; bahkan banyak mahasiswa yang terindikasi mengalami miskonsepsi. Disarankan untuk dilakukan penelitian lanjutan untuk mengeksplorasi lebih dalam dan lebih otentik penyebab kesulitan tersebut, misalnya menggunakan teknik think aloud atau interview klinis.
ZERO-FIELD NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE FOR STUDY OF ANTIFERROMAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF FeF3 MATERIALS
Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia Vol 12, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jpfi.v12i1.3688

Abstract

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) has been used as a research tool in many fields. In this study, the magnetic properties, especially anti-ferromagnetic properties of FeF3 materials were investigated. Zero-field custom-built NMR method was used to investigate the anti-ferromagnetic properties in the materials. Experiments have been carried out by varying the sample temperatures from 8 K to 220 K. Ordinary spin echo pulse sequence 90⁰RF–τ–180⁰RF were used. Using Fast Fourier Transform, the signals in NMR spectrum were analyzed and the peak showed the resonance frequency. The result showed that resonance frequencies decrease with increasing in temperature. The frequency of the spectrum was around 85.41 MHz in the zero-temperature limit, and this corresponds with Fe hyperfine field at zero-temperature limit was 2.14 T. The temperature dependence of the local magnetization does not fit T2 Bloch’s Law very well. Instead, it fits the exponential form having an energy gap in the dispersion relation of the spin wave. It is obtained from the result that FeF3 is antiferromagnetic materials with energy gap of 11.466 meV and anisotropy energy of 1.045 meV.Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) telah banyak digunakan sebagai “research tool” pada berbagai bidang kajian di fisika. Pada studi ini, akan dilakukan eksperimen untuk menguji sifat magnetik, khususnya antiferromagnetik pada material FeF3. Telah dilakukan eksperimen dengan memvariasikan temperatur pada sampel dari 8 K hingga 220 K. Pulse sequence yang digunakan adalah 90⁰RF–τ–180⁰RF. Dengan memanfaatkan Fast Fourier Transform, sinyal echo ini dapat dianalisis dalam bentuk spektrum NMR dengan puncak spektrum menunjukkan frekuensi resonansinya. Diperoleh bahwa frekuensi resonansi akan menurun seiring dengan kenaikan temperatur. Posisi frekuensi pada temperatur 0 K adalah sebesar 85,41 MHz, hal ini memperlihatkan bahwa medan hyperfine dari Fe sebesar 2,14 T pada temperatur 0 K. Kurva antara frekuensi resonansi dengan temperatur menunjukkan bahwa magnetisasi tidak tepat sebanding dengan hukum Bloch T2 namun lebih cocok dengan bentuk persamaan eksponensial yang berkaitan dengan suatu gap energi yang berasal dari dispersi spin wave. Hal ini menguatkan bahwa bahan FeF3 merupakan bahan yang bersifat antiferromagnetik, namun bukan antiferromagnetik sederhana. Berdasarkan fitting, diperoleh gap energi sebesar 11,466 meV dan energi anisotropi sebesar 1,045 meV.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF AIR-THEME INTEGRATED SCIENCE TEACHING MATERIAL USING FOUR STEPS TEACHING MATERIAL DEVELOPMENT
Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia Vol 12, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jpfi.v12i1.5459

Abstract

The purposes of this study are to develop, to test the feasibility, to describe the characteristic, and to test the students understanding about integrated science teaching material about air using Four Steps Teaching Material Development (4S TMD). The Research and Development method was use to develop integrated science teaching materials which is involving  all science perspectives that are not presented in junior high school science book. The air theme was chosen in this study since it can be explained using biology, chemistry, physics, and earth and space science  perspectives. Development the teaching materials was consists of selection, structuring, characterization, and reduction didactic steps. Based on the of feasibility test results, the teaching material is qualified in content, presentation, language, and graphic feasibility aspects. The characteristic of this teaching material expose the closeness theme with student daily lifes and its compatibility with National Books Standard. Based on the understanding test results, the teaching material is qualified in understanding aspect with high category. It can be concluded that the teaching material qualified to be used as supplement teaching material of science learning.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan, menguji kelayakan, memaparkan karakteristik, dan menguji keterpahaman bahan ajar IPA terpadu pada tema udara untuk siswa SMP kelas VII melalui Four Steps Teaching Material Development (4S TMD). Penelitian dengan metode Research and Development (RD) ini dilatar belakangi oleh tidak tersedianya bahan ajar IPA SMP yang disajikan secara terpadu melalui tema udara. Pengembangan bahan ajar IPA terpadu tema udara terdiri dari tahap seleksi, strukturisasi, karakterisasi dan reduksi didaktik. Berdasarkan uji kelayakan, bahan ajar telah memenuhi aspek kelayakan isi, kelayakan penyajian, kelayakan bahasa dan kelayakan kegrafikan. Karakteristik bahan ajar meliputi kedekatan tema bahan ajar dengan siswa, dan kesesuaian bahan ajar dengan standar BSNP. Berdasarkan uji keterpahaman, bahan ajar telah memenuhi aspek keterpahaman dengan kategori tinggi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahan ajar IPA terpadu berupa buku dengan tema udara yang telah melewati empat tahap pengembangan yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan ajar pendamping pembelajaran IPA.
USING INTEGRATED TYPE ON SCIENCE LEARNING FOR IMPROVING JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS
Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia Vol 12, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jpfi.v12i1.5460

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to know improvement junior high school students’ critical thinking skills through integrated type on science learning and students’ respons. Using quasi-experimental methods, the study employed non-equivalent pre-test and post-test control group design. The research involved 68 seventh grade students using integrated type. Critical thinking test was used to collect data as pretest and posttest. The data showed that participant utilized integrated type in experimental groups performed significantly better than controls group (p0.05) on critical thinking test. The result showed that integrated type in science learning can lead to learning gains that exceed those critical thinking in classes where mainly convensional science learning methods are used.Keterampilan berpikir kritis merupakan keterampilan berpikir dasar yang harus dimiliki oleh seseorang dalam menghadapi tantangan perkembangan IPTEK secara bijak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa SMP melalui pembelajaran IPA tipe integrated dan tanggapan siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuasi eksperimen dengan desain non-equivalent pretest and posttest control group. Subyek penelitian adalah 68 siswa kelas VII yang terbagi kedalam kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Pengukuran keterampilan berpikir kritis menggunakan tes pilihan ganda beralasan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis kelas eksperimen sebesar 0,52 dengan kategori sedang lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelas kontrol sebesar 0,29 dengan kategori rendah.  Hasil uji t nilai N-Gain keterampilan berpikir kritis menghasilkan penolakan terhadap Ho (p0.05). Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran terpadu tipe integrated konsep perubahan dapat meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa SMP. Hampir keseluruhan siswa memberikan tanggapan positif terhadap pembelajaran terpadu tipe integrated.
THE EFFECT OF INQUIRY BASED LEARNING ON THE REASONING ABILITY OF GRADE VII STUDENTS ABOUT HEAT CONCEPT
Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia Vol 12, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jpfi.v12i1.3871

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the effect of Inquiry Based Learningon the reasoning ability of grade 7 students about heat concept. This study is a quasi-experimental research design with non-equivalent post-test only controls group design. Two groups of seventh grade students were included as samples, which receive the experimental class of Inquiry Based Learning treatment while the other group acted as a control group who received the learning process in accordance with the applicable provisions of the curriculum. The data collected in this study is the students reasoning ability which obtained from the test of reasoning ability. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and statistical parametric t-test. Results of independet research shows that there are significant differences in reasoning abilities between the experimental class and control class. In this research, the experiment class perform more better reasoning skills than the control class.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Inquiry Based Learning terhadap kemampuan penalaran siswa kelas VII pada materi Kalor. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu dengan rancangan non-equivalent post-test only control group design.  Dua kelompok siswa kelas VII  dilibatkan sebagai sampel penelitian, dimana kelas eksperimen menerima perlakuan Inquiry Based Learning sementara kelompok lainnya bertindak sebagai kelas kontrol yang menerima proses pembelajaran sesuai dengan ketentuan kurikulum yang berlaku di sekolah tempat penelitian dilaksanakan. Data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini adalah kemampuan penalaran siswa yang diperoleh dari hasil tes kemampuan penalaran. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan statistik parametrik Independent t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan kemampuan penalaran yang signifikan antara kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol Kelas eksperimen menunjukkan kemampuan penalaran yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan kelas kontrol.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF EARTH QUAKE TEACHING MATERIAL FOR JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL BY FOUR STEP TEACHING MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT METHOD
Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia Vol 12, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jpfi.v12i1.3782

Abstract

The aim of this study is to developed a science teaching material for students on junior high school. The theme of this material are the earthquake phenomenon as the main subject are displayed integratedly into various concepts of science knowledge such as earth science, physics, biology and technology. This study is Research and Development study that developing teaching materials by using The Four Step Teaching Materials Development. The four steps on developing a teaching material which are selection, structurisation, characterization, and didactic reduction process. The final product of this steps is hand out wich titled “Belajar Sains Melalui Fenomena Gempa Bumi (Learning Science through the earth quake phenomenon)”. Then, the teaching materials is tested to get information about concepts indentification, eligibility, and student’s understanding. This study showed that most of the concepts on this teaching material are quite easy with the correct written main ideas above 75% and the students understanding toward this hand out are falls on good category.  Beside that, this hand out are  validated in four aspects, which are content, material presentment, language grammar, and grafis.The result stated that the hand out is feasible for use in learning.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar materi ilmu pengetahuan alam bagi siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama. Bahan ajar ini mengangkat tema fenomena bencana gempa bumi sebagai pokok pembahasan utama yang mengintegrasikan  ilmu kebumian, fisika, biologi dan teknologi. Penelitian ini merupakan bagian dari Research and Development, yaitu mengembangkan bahan ajar menggunakan metode Four Step Teaching Materials Development (4STMD). 4STMD memiliki empat tahapan pengembangan bahan ajar, yaitu proses seleksi, proses strukturisasi, proses karakterisasi, dan proses reduksi didaktis. Produk akhir dari pengolahan bahan ajar ini berjudul “Belajar Sains Melalui Fenomena Gempa Bumi”. Pengujian terhadap bahan ajar dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi konsep sulit, menilai kelayakan bahan ajar, dan keterpahaman siswa terhadap bahan ajar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar konsep-konsep materi yang terdapat pada bahan ajar tergolong konsep mudah, dengan persentase penulisan ide pokok benar diatas 75% dan kualifikasi pemahaman siswa terhadap bahan ajar dikategorikan baik. Hasil penilaian kelayakan bahan ajar dinyatakan bahwa bahan ajar ini layak untuk digunakan dalam pembelajaran.
LEARNING STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION OF GENERATIVE LEARNING ASSISTED SCIENTIST’S CARD TO IMPROVE SELF EFFICACY OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT IN CLASS VIII
Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia Vol 12, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jpfi.v12i1.4257

Abstract

In general, self-efficacy of the students is still low. This study aims to determine the learning strategies implementation of generative learning assisted scientist's card in improving self-efficacy and cognitive learning outcomes of the students. The study designed form One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The improvement of self-efficacy can be determined from the change in the questionnaire score before and after the learning and observations during the learning process. Cognitive learning outcomes are known from pretest and posttest scores. To determine the improvement, the data were analyzed by using the gain test. The results showed that N-gain of self-efficacy is 0.13 (low) and N-gain of cognitive learning is 0.60 (medium). Based on the observation, students’ self-efficacy has increased each meeting. Cognitive learning results also achieved mastery learning as big as 72.88%. It could be concluded that the learning strategy of generative learning assisted scientist's card can improve self efficacy and cognitive learning outcomes of the students.Pada umumnya, self efficacy yang dimiliki siswa masih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan strategi pembelajaran generative learning berbantuan scientist’s card dalam meningkatkan self efficacy dan  hasil belajar  kognitif siswa.  Desain penelitian berbentuk One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Peningkatan self efficacy dapat diketahui dari perubahan  skor angket sebelum dan sesudah pembelajaran dan hasil observasi selama pembelajaran. Hasil  belajar kognitif diketahui dari skor pretest dan posttest. Untuk mengetahui peningkatannya, data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji gain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan self efficacy berkatagori rendah dan peningkatan hasil belajar kognitif berkatagori sedang. Berdasarkan hasil observasi, self efficacy siswa setiap pertemuan meningkat. Hasil belajar ranah kognitif juga mencapai ketuntasan belajar .Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa strategi pembelajaran generative learning berbantuan scientist’s card dapat meningkatkan self efficacy dan hasil belajar ranah kognitif siswa. 
INFLUENCE OF CONCENTRATION OF RIND EXTRACT OF RED DRAGON FRUIT (HYLOCEREUS COSTARICENSIS) AGAINST THE DSSC EFFECIENCY
Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia Vol 12, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jpfi.v12i1.4222

Abstract

Research on utilization of rind extracts of red dragon fruit (hylocereus costaricensis) as sensitizer for dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) has been conducted by reviewing influence of the concentration against the DSSC efficiency. Characterization on optical absorption at various concentrations and identification of functional groups, each using an UV-Vis spectrometer and Fourier transform infra red (FTIR), have done to the dye in the form of the extracts. The dye characterization result on optical absorption at various concentration shows that the optical absorption at range of wavelength 320-760 nm has the peak of absorbance tend to increase with increasing the concentration. Therefore the dye is capable to role as a sunlight absorber. Meanwhile, infra red absorption spectrum obtained from FTIR results indicate the presence of functional groups O-H, C=O, C=C, C-O, and C-H aromatic. Results of current-voltage characterization of DSSC show an increase in maximum power and efficiency with increasing concentration.Penelitian mengenai pemanfaatan ekstrak kulit buah naga merah (hylocereus costaricensis) sebagai penyensitif pada dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) telah dilakukan dengan meninjau pengaruh konsentrasi ekstrak terhadap efisiensi DSSC. Terhadap dye berupa ekstrak kulit H. Costaricencis dilakukan pengujian serapan optik pada berbagai konsentrasi dan identifikasi gugus fungsi, masing-masing menggunakan spektrometer UV-Vis dan fourier transform infra red (FTIR). Hasil pengujian dye pada konsentrasi 100 %, 50 %, 33,33 %, 25%, dan 20% menunjukan serapan optik yang terjadi pada panjang gelombang 320-760 nm, memiliki puncak yang cenderung semakin tinggi seiring dengan peningkatan konsentrasi. Dye yang berasal dari ekstrak kulit H. Costaricensis ini mampu berperan sebagai sunlight absorber. Sementara itu, spektrum serapan infra red yang diperoleh dari hasil FTIR mengindikasikan adanya gugus fungsi O-H, C=O, C=C, C-O, dan C-H aromatik. Hasil karakterisasi arus-tegangan dari DSSC menunjukkan adanya peningkatan nilai daya maksimum dan efisiensi seiring peningkatan konsentrasi. 

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