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INDONESIA
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 18581196     EISSN : 23553596     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
KEMAS Journal: Research Study in Public Health publishes the article based on research or equivalent to research results in public health or other disciplines related to public health that has not been loaded/published by other media. The journal contains articles about epidemiology and biostatistics, health policy and administration, public health nutrition, environmental health, occupational health and safety, health promotion, reproductive health, maternal and child health, and other related articles in public health. The journal can be used by health practitioners, health caregivers, teachers, medical students, and people who are interested in public health issues. The journal was first published in July 2005 and subsequently published twice a year, in July and January. KEMAS Journal is a peer review journal and can be accessed in http://journal.unnes.ac.id/nju/index.php/kemas. Semarang State University (Unnes) is a leading university in Indonesia with the vision to become a world-class conservation university. The conservation vision is closely related to the study of public health sciences. Unnes also published high quality e-journal from various disciplines, integrated, and managed through Open Access Journals that can be accessed in http://journal.unnes.ac.id. The IAKMI (Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia/The Association of Indonesian Public Health Expert) is a non-profit membership association dedicated to advance public health as a scientific discipline and profession that serves public good for Indonesia and humanity.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,403 Documents
 87   88   89   90   91 
The Correlation between Physical Environmental Factors and the Occurrence of Leptospirosis
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 14, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v14i2.13527

Abstract

Leptospirosis is a disease caused by a bacteria called Leptospira. Environmental risk factors for leptospirosis include biological, social, and physical (river or bodies of water, ditches, puddles, and the distance between the settlement area with garbage disposal area).This research aimed to determine the correlation between the physical environmental factors with the evidence of leptospirosis in Sukahaji Village, Babakan Ciparay District of Bandung City in 2017. The design of this research is a survey with cross-sectional approach. We used 100 population samples in this research. The Technique of obtaining data with observation sheet is using sheet checklist. We did univariate and multivariate data analysis using Chi square.The results showed that most of  the population experienced leptrospirosis, and most of the physical environment such as rivers or bodies of water, ditches, puddles, and the distance between settlement area with the garbage disposal area are the risk factors of leptospirosis.
Substitution Program in Indonesia and Australia as Health Promotion Model at Schools
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 12, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v12i2.9204

Abstract

Obesity has been increasing as much as twice on age 6-12 years. The increase is happening both in Indonesia and Australia. The objective of this research is to construct a program model in Australia that can be substituted to be a health promotion model at School in effort to suppress child obesity. Research was conducted in 2014 with qualitative approach. Instruments used are as follow 1) Secondary data filling form 2) In depth interview guidence instrument 3) FGD (Focus Group Discussion) and BST (Brain Storming Technique). The informations were obtained by purposive and snowball technique. Data analysis by Miles and Huberman model. Substitution model is based on consideration that applied model has potential to be developed and other models whether internal or external ones in Indonesia. The model will be substituted by considering school condition and situation. School Health Unit (SKU) is a potential platform to promote health by these activities 1) Formal health education as taken place curricullum 2) Informal health education in forms of (1) health education information (2) Self health behaviour monitoring and control (3) Health promotion by doing healthy life (4) distribution of health education booklet to teachers and parents.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA SANITASI RUMAH DAN PERILAKU DENGAN KEJADIAN PNEUMONIA BALITA
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 6, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v6i2.1755

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara sanitasi rumah dan perilaku dengan kejadian pneumonia balita. Ini termasuk penelitian penjelasan dengan rancangan  belah lintang. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 79 responden. Instrumen berupa kuesioner, rollmeter, dan thermohygrometer. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa sanitasi rumah yang berhubungan dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita adalah luas ventilasi kamar (p0,001), jenis lantai (p=0,036), dan kepadatan hunian kamar (p0,001). Perilaku yang berhubungan dengan kejadian pneumonia balita adalah kebiasaan membuka jendela saat pagi dan siang hari (p0,001), dan perilaku merokok orang tua (p=0,008). AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between house sanitation and human behavior with the incidence of pneumonia in children under five years. This was explanatory research with cross sectional design. The samples obtained were 79 respondents. The instruments used were questionnair, rollmeter, and thermohygrometer. The data were analyzed by chi square test. The results showed that house sanitation related to the incidence of pneumonia were the spacious of the room’s ventilation (p 0,001), floor’s type (p = 0.036), and the density of the room (p 0,001). Behavior associated with the incidence of pneumonia were the habit of window opening during morning and afternoon (p 0,001), and parental smoking behavior (p = 0.008).Keywords: House sanitation; Behavior; Pneumonia
KONTAMINASI RESIDU PESTISIDA DALAM BUAH MELON (STUDI KASUS PADA PETANI DI KECAMATAN PENAWANGAN)
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 10, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v10i1.3075

Abstract

AbstrakSalah satu penyebab rendahnya konsumsi buah adalah rendahnya mutu buah terutama disebabkan oleh tingginya kontaminasi residu pestisida. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisa residu pestisida dalam buah melon di Kabupaten Grobogan sebagai salah satu sentra produksi melon di Jawa Tengah dengan penggunaan pestisida yang cukup beragam. Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional dengan pendekatan cross secsional. Penggunaan pestisida oleh petani diukur dengan observasi dan wawancara, sedangkan kadar residu pestisida diukur dengan metode Gas Cromatography (GC) dan High Performance Liquid Cromatography (HPLC). Kadar residu pestisida dalam buah melon yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif, dibandingkan dengan baku mutu SNI 7313:2008 tentang Batas Maksimum Residu (BMR) hasil pertanian. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 3 buah melon yang menggambarkan perbedaan jenis dan frekuensi penggunaan pestisida selama masa tanam melon, yaitu tingkat tinggi (sampel A), sedang (sampel B) dan rendah (sampel C). Hasil pengukuran residu pestisida golongan organophosphat (diazinon, parathion, ethion, profenofos, malathion dan chlorpyrifos) pada 3 buah melon, semuanya masih dibawah Limit Of Detection (LOD). Kadar residu karbamat (carbofuran) pada sampel A sebesar 0,09 ppm, sampel B sebesar 0,05 ppm dan sampel C 0,097 LOD. Disarankan petani untuk mengurangi penggunaan pestisida untuk keamanan residu pestisida dalam buah melon. The quality of fruits are not good because the pesticides residue contamination is high. It makes the consumption of fruits are low. Melon usualy consume in fresh condition, so the residue of pesticides inside are very dangerous for food safety and public health. This study aims to identify and analyze pesticides residu in melon fruit in Grobogan, as the one of melon production center in Central Java, with many types of pesticides use.It is observa-tional study with cross sectional approach. The use of pesticides by farmers measured by observation and interviews, while the levels of pesticides residue were measured by High Performance Liquid Cromatography (HPLC) method and Gas Cromatography (GC). The residue level of pesticides in the melon fruit were analyzed descriptively, compared with the ISO 7313:2008 quality standard on the Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) on agricultural product. Samples in this study were 3 melons represented the levels of pesticides use, they were high (sample A), moderate (sample B) and low (sample C). The results of measure-ments of organophosphat group (diazinon, parathion, ethion, profenofos, malathion and chlorpyrifos) residues at 3 melons were not detected, because it was below of the Limit of Detection (LOD) of the testing tools in laboratory. The level of carbamate (carbofuran) residue in sample A was 0.09 ppm, 0.05 ppm in sample B and sample C 0.097 LOD. The recomendations farmers should decrease the pesticides use to make the safety level of pesticides residue.
INSENTIF DAN KINERJA KADER POSYANDU
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 9, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v9i1.2831

Abstract

Drop out kader sangat mempengaruhi perkembangan posyandu. Drop out dikarenakankurangnya insentif, baik uang maupun non uang (pelatihan, piagam, bantuan operasional,seragam, dll), namun insentif apa yang sebenarnya mampu meningkatkan kinerja kader.Masalah penelitian adalah hubungan insentif uang dan non uang dengan kinerja kaderposyandu di Puskesmas Wonorejo Samarinda. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubunganinsentif uang (uang transport) dan non uang (seragam, lomba, tunjangan kesehatan, piagam,sembako, tunjangan hari raya (THR), bantuan operasional, bantuan alat tulis, kunjunganpihak kelurahan, kunjungan ketua rukun tetangga (RT), kunjungan pimpinan puskesmas(pimpus), dan rekreasi) dengan kinerja kader posyandu. Metode penelitian cross sectional,dengan responden adalah seluruh kader di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Wonorejo. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara pemberian bantuan operasional (p=0.002),piagam (p=0.01), uang transport (p=0.009), pelatihan (p=0.018) dengan kinerja kader. Tidakada hubungan antara seragam (p=0.927), lomba posyandu (p=0.936), tunjangan kesehatan(p=0.734), sembako (p=0.954), THR (p=0.493), kunjungan kelurahan (p=0.544), kunjunganketua RT (p=0.1), kunjungan pimpus (p=0.365) dan rekreasi (p=0.239) dengan kinerja kader.Simpulan penelitian, variabel yang berhubungan dengan kinerja kader adalah pemberianbantuan operasional, piagam, uang transport, dan pelatihan. Cadre drop out infl uenced the development of posyandu. Drop out because lack of incentives,both cash and non-cash (training, charter, operational support, uniforms, etc.), but whatincentive is actually capable of improving the performance of cadres. Research problem was howthe relationship of money and non-cash incentives with the cadres performance in posyanduWonorejo health center in Samarinda. Research purpose to determine the relationship ofincentive money (money transport) and non-cash (uniform, competition, health benefi ts, charter,groceries , holiday allowance (THR) , operational support, stationery, head of village visit, RTvisit, head of health center visit, and recreation) with the performance of posyandu cadres. Crosssectionalresearch methods, the respondent were a whole cadre in Puskesmas Wonorejo. Th eresults showed no relationship between the provision of operational support (p=0.002), charter(p=0:01), transport (p=0.009), training (p=0.018) with cadres performance. Th ere were norelationship between the uniform (p=0927), posyandu competition (p=0.936), health benefi ts(p=0.734), groceries (p=0.954), THR (p=0.493), head village visits (p=0.544), RT visit (p=0.1),head of health center visit (p=0.365) and recreation (p=0.239) with the performance of cadres.Th e conclusions, variables related to cadres performance were providing operational support,charter, transport, and training.
KONSISTENSI PENGGUNAAN KONDOM OLEH WANITA PEKERJA SEKS/PELANGGANNYA
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 7, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v7i2.2803

Abstract

Wanita pekerja seksual (WPS) merupakan perilaku berisiko tinggi terjadinya infeksi HIV/AIDS. Penelitian terdahulu di resosialisasi Argorejo Semarang menunjukkan rendahnya konsistensi penggunaan kondom pada WPS/pasangannya (hanya 56,3%). Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah faktor apakah yang berhubungan dengan konsistensi penggunaan kondom. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan konsistensi penggunaan kondom pada WPS/pasangannya. Metode penelitian survei, melibatkan 140 WPS di resosialisasi Argorejo Semarang. Variabel bebas penelitian meliputi pengetahuan tentang PMS dan HIV/AIDS, sikap terhadap penggunaan kondom, akses informasi tentang IMS dan HIV/AIDS, persepsi pelanggan tentang kemampuan melakukan hubungan seks aman, dan dukungan germo. Variabel terikat adalah konsistensi penggunaan kondom. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan angka konsistensi penggunaan kondom sebesar 62,9 %. Faktor yang terbukti berhubungan dengan praktik penggunaan kondom adalah pengetahuan WPS tentang IMS dan HIV/AIDS, sikap WPS terhadap penggunaan kondom, akses informasi tentang IMS dan HIV/AIDS, persepsi pelanggan tentang kemampuan untuk melakukan perilaku seks secara aman, serta dukungan germo. Simpulan penelitian, pengetahuan,sikap, akses informasi, persepsi, dan dukungan germo berpengaruh terhadap penggunaan kondom.Female Sex Workers (FSW) is a high risk behavior for HIV infection/AIDS. Previous research in Argorejo resocialization Semarang showed low consistency of condom use on the FSW/partner (only 56.3%). Problem in this study was whether the factors associate with consistent condom use. Purpose of the study to determine the factors associate with consistent condom use among female sex workers/ spouses. Survey research method, involving 140 female sex workers in Semarang Argorejo resocialization. The independent variables were knowledge about STDs and HIV/AIDS , attitude toward condom use, access to information about STIs and HIV/AIDS, customer perceptions about the ability of safe sex, and support pimp. The dependent variable was the consistency of condom use. The result showed the consistency of condom use rate of 62.9%. Factors shown to be associated with the practice of the use of condoms were WPS knowledge about STIs and HIV/AIDS, attitudes towards condom use FSW, access to information about STIs and HIV/AIDS, the customer’s perception of the ability to perform safe sex behaviors, and pimp support. The conclusion, knowledge, attitudes, access to information, perceptions, and pimp support were effect on condom use.
Antioxidant Potential of Madura Knife Scallop (Solen sp) Extract as a Prevention of Oxidative Stress
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 15, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v15i3.19521

Abstract

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are produced by humans as a result of cellular metabolism and environmental factors such as pollutants or cigarette smoke. ROS is a very reactive molecule and has the ability to damage cell structure. Oxidative stress is a condition between oxidants and antioxidants that is not balance, pathophysiologically, oxidative stress can trigger the risk of various diseases including hypertension, atherosclerosis, diabetes, heart failure, stroke and other chronic diseases. Oxidative stress can be overcome by intake of antioxidants. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity contained in the meat and shells of a knife scallop (Solen sp.) that lives in Bangkalan waters, Madura. The method used in this study is an analysis of antioxidant activity with the DPPH method. Knife scallop has antioxidant activity which is evident from the IC50 values obtained. IC50 values of the shell and meat extract with ethanol solvent were 489.56 ppm and 748.49 ppm. IC50 values of the shell and meat extract with ethyl acetate solvent were 916.43 ppm and 2045.93 ppm. While the IC50 value of the shell and meat extract with chloroform solvent was 119.37 ppm and 1692.80 ppm. Based on IC50 data of knife scallop shell and meat extracts on the 3 types of solvents, it can be concluded that knife scallop’s shell and meat extract with ethanol solvent has the greatest antioxidant activity compared to ethyl acetate and chloroform solvents.
Basil leaf (Ocimmum basillum form citratum) Extract Spray in Controling Aedes aegepty
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 14, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v14i2.8000

Abstract

One of the efforts in population control of Aedes aegypti is by fogging, basil leaf is oneof natural insecticide that can be replaced with current chemical one that are commonlyused. Our aim is to measure effectiveness of basil leaf extract on Knockdown time ofAedes aegypti and effective concentration on spray usage. Twenty mosquitoes with sixdifferent intervention, each 5%, 10%, 25%, 50%, positive control, and negative control.All intervention repeated 4 times in every 5 minutes for about 1 hour. The results willbe statistically analysed using one-way ANOVA. Results: concentration of 5% and 10% have KT50 with Insecticide Score of 1 and 2 respectively without any Knockdownconcentration; concentration of 25% have KT50 with Insecticide Score of 3 and WeakKnockdown; concentration of 50% have KT50 with Insecticide Score of 5 and QuickKnockdown. Kruskall-Wallis test p-value=0,000 (p0,05) with Spearman correlation of+0,87 or 87%. The most effective concentration on Knockdown time of Aedes aegyptiis 50%. In conclusion, Basil extract can be effecctifely used as natural and alternativeinsecticide for fogging.
THE CHILDBIRTH SERVICES ASPECT THAT INFLUENCE PATIENT SATISFACTION
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 12, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v12i2.7351

Abstract

Pregnant women have higher expectations of the care providers attitude in order to have childbirth satisfaction. This study aims to analyze the relationship between childbirth services and birth satisfaction in Roemani Muhammadiyah Semarang hospital. We used a cross sectional design and used an interview to collect the data, it was conducted from July to August 2016. A total of 79 women were enrolled in the study that fulfill the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The childbirth services and patient satisfaction were measured using survey instruments which we’d measured the reliability and validity previously. The linier regression were applied. The majority of the patients (94,9%) were 21-40 years old, 67,1% were university graduate, 40,5% were housewife, 62% were multigravida, and  57% were delivered by cesarean section. There were significant effect between interpersonal relationship (p=0,0001), patient decision choice (p=0,001), and breastfeeding management (p=0,021) and birth satisfaction. The strongest predictor of birth satisfaction was interpersonal relationship.
KETERLIBATAN KOMUNITAS DALAM PERENCANAAN SANITASI PADA DAERAH RAWAN BENCANA
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 5, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v5i1.1861

Abstract

Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah untuk memasukkan peran komunitas dalam pe-rencanaan sanitasi pada daerah rawan bencana yang difasilitasi oleh sanitarian sebagai bagian dari cabang ilmu kesehatan masyarakat. Seorang sanitarian harus dapat menerapkan ilmu dan prinsip sanitasi dengan tetap mempertimbangkan aspek pemberdayaan masyarakat. Beberapa instrumen yang digunakan sebagai alternatif dalam usaha melibatkan komunitas dalam perencanaan dan penerapan program adalah sebagai berikut: pertemuan informal, kuesioner, diskusi kelompok terfokus, pertemuan komunitas, dan pelatihan. Tahapan dalam menerapkan program perencanaan sanitasi berbasis masyarakat pada daerah rawan bencana adalah penilaian dan inventarisasi, penyusunan rencana, membentuk komunitas sanitasi lokal, pelatihan, evaluasi pelatihan, simulasi/implementasi, pemantauan, pelaporan, evaluasi, dan yang terakhir adalah rekomendasi untuk perbaikan.  AbstractThe purpose of this study is to incorporate the role of communities in planning sa-nitation in disaster prone areas, facilitated by the sanitarian as part of a branch of public health sciences. In order to achieve the goal well, a sanitarian must be able to apply the principles of sanitary sciences and keeping in mind aspects of community empowerment. Some of the instruments used as an alternative in an effort to involve communities in planning and implementing the program are as follows: Informal meetings, quetionarre, focused group discussion, community meetings, and training. Stages in implementing community-based sanitation planning in disaster prone areas are the assessment and inventory, the preparation of the plan, form a community of local sanitation, training, evaluation, training, simulation / implementation, monitoring, reporting, evaluation, and the last is the recommendation for improvement.Keywords: Planning; Sanitation; Community; Disaster

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