Althea Medical Journal
Althea Medical Journal (AMJ) is a peer reviewed electronic scientific publication journal which is published every 3 months (March, June, September, and December). Althea Medical Journal publishes articles related to research in biomedical sciences, clinical medicine, family-community medicine, and public health.
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<![CDATA[Effect of Sappan Wood Ethanol Extracts (Caesalpinia sappan. L) to the Sperm Motility, Viability, and Concentration of Male Wistar Rats ]]>
<![CDATA[Nadiyah Nadiyah]]>;
<![CDATA[Andri Rezano]]>;
<![CDATA[Sunarjati Sudigdoadi]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1078
<![CDATA[Background: Idiopathic male infertility becomes an issue because of the limited management options and increasing number of infertile couples. Sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan. L) is an herbal plant predicted to have fertility and spermatogenesis enhancing effects through antioxidant properties. This study aimed to observe the effects of sappan wood ethanol extract in improving sperm quality of male wistar rat based on sperm motility, viability, and concentration. Methods: This was an experimental laboratory study by using sappan wood ethanol extracts as material and male wistar rat as the experimental animal. Twenty-four adult male wistar rats were divided into 4 groups including rats which were treated with aquades, 30, 60, and 120 mg/kg/day/orally of ethanol extract of sappan wood, respectively, during 35 days. After this period, the animals were sacrificed. Then the epididymis were taken for samples to calculate sperm motility percentage, sperm viability percentage and sperm concentration. Comparison between control group and the treated group was analyzed by one-way Annova.Results: There were significant differences between the control group and the group with 120 mg/kg of sappan wood ethanol extracts in the percentage of motility (36.39% and 51.75%; p-value 0.001), viability percentage (55.36% and 66.63%, p-value 0.031), and sperm concentration (54.47 million/ml and 47.79 million/ml; p-value 0.001).Conclusions: The ethanol extract of sappan wood with a dose of 120 mg/kg for 35 days is able to improve sperm motility percentage, sperm viability percentage, and sperm concentration of male wistar rat. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1078]]>
<![CDATA[Antimicrobial Sensitivity of Neonatal Bacterial Sepsis ]]>
<![CDATA[Nadya Iswandari]]>;
<![CDATA[Aris Primadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Sunarjati Sudigdoadi]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1072
<![CDATA[Background: Appropriate treatment on neonatal bacterial sepsis is important based on the exact etiology to prevent bacterial resistance, but bacterial identification using blood cultures requires a considerable time. The newest data of various bacteria and their sensitivity can be used to assist empirical antibiotics usage. This study was conducted to identify bacterial profile that caused neonatal sepsis and their sensitivity to antibiotics at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung..Methods: A total of 275 neonatal sepsis cases and 288 blood cultures results were collected from a database provided by Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung during the period of July 2011 toDecember 2012 (three semesters). Etiology of the bacteria and antimicrobial sensitivity profile data were taken from positive bacteria results. Then, these variables were processed using the descriptive method and classified by semesterResult: The most common bacteria that caused neonatal sepsis in the second semester 2011 is Serratia marescens, the first semester 2012 was Enterobacter aerogenes and in the second semester 2012 was Burkholderia cepacia. The most sensitive antibiotics were piperacillin tazobactam, cefepime, meropenem and amikacin in all three semesters, gentamycin in the second semester 2011 and 2012, and amoxicillin clavulanic in the second semester 2012.Conclusions: Bacterial and antimicrobial sensitivity profile is varied in every semester.Keywords: Antimicrobial sensitivity profile, bacterial profile, neonatal sepsisDOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1072]]>
<![CDATA[Profile of Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Flexibility and Fat Percentage of Junior High School Students in Jatinangor ]]>
<![CDATA[Gemuruh Putra Akbar]]>;
<![CDATA[Ambrosius Purba]]>;
<![CDATA[Yenni Zuhairini Suhadi]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1085
<![CDATA[Background: Obesity and physical inactivity is a major risk factor for non-communicable disease and global mortality in adolescent. Lack of physical activity will lead the condition into poor physical fitness, measured by cardio respiratory fitness (maximum oxygen volume, VO2 max), and other components such as flexibility. The study aimed to describe VO2 max, flexibility and fat percentage among junior high school students in Jatinangor.Methods: The study was a descriptive observational study using descriptive analysis. VO2 max was assessed using Astrand Ryhming step test, flexibility was measured using flexometer sit and reach test, and fat percentage was determined using bioelectrical impedance analysis scale. The subjects were junior high school students who were study in 1st, 2nd and 3rd grade in Jatinangor Junior High School based on stratification sampling method. It was conducted from September–October 2013.Results: Total subjects were 110 students consisted of male (n=52) and female (n=58). The VO2 max were in good and above category, 57.69% of male (50.37 ± 9.80 ml/kg/min), and 60.34% of female (37.66±7.03 ml/kg/min). The flexibility for both males and females were within excellent category (67.31%, 26.56 ±7.14 cm and 67.24%, 27.29±6.64 cm respectively). The fat percentage in females were within healthy category (67.24%, 25.28 ± 6.85 %), meanwhile male were within underfat category (48.08%, 11.66 ± 5.83 %).Conclusions: The majority of VO2 max, and flexibility both in male and female were good. The fat percentages were good in female students, while in male students were under normal range.DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1085]]>
<![CDATA[Balance, General Cognition and Lower Motoric Strength in Elderly: Tai Chi Versus Brisk Walking ]]>
<![CDATA[Steven Kelvin Anam]]>;
<![CDATA[Marina A. Moelino]]>;
<![CDATA[Yuni S. Pratiwi]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1063
<![CDATA[Background: The number of elderly in Indonesia continues to increase. A better quality of life can be achieved by preventing reduction of elderly’s cognition, balance and strength of the lower extremities. Tai Chi has been suggested as one of the sports to maintain cognition, balance and lower extremity strength for elder people. However, there are still few studies that compare Tai Chi to other exercises. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of practicing Tai Chi verrsus brisk walking.Methods: The study design was observational, cross-sectional. Elderly who practiced Tai Chi and Brisk-walk in Tegalega sport field were chosen as the target population. The respondents must be at least 60 years old, no history of cardiovascular disease in the last 3 months, no musculoskeletal complaints, no obvious signs and symptoms of chronic diseases. Afterwards, the respondents were examined using Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test for balance, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) for cognition and leg dynamometer for the lower extrimities strength. The collected data was analyzed using Mann-Whitney statistical test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test.Results: No significant difference was detected among the three parameters between Tai Chi group (TCG) and Brisk Walking group (BWG). Difference of 0.5 (p=0.314) and 0.6 (p=0.554) was found for TUG Test and MoCA Test between TCG and BWG using Mann Whitney. The leg dynamometer was tested using Kolmogorov-smirnov (p = 1.00).Conclusions: Similar result of balance, cognition, and lower motor strength are found between TCG and BWG. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1063]]>
<![CDATA[Comparison of Shoulder Strength in Routinely Trained Badminton Players and Non-Badminton Players ]]>
<![CDATA[Wong Zhen Feng]]>;
<![CDATA[Hermawan Nagar Rasyid]]>;
<![CDATA[Juliati Juliati]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1083
<![CDATA[Background: Shoulder pain is a common reason for patients to seek medical help in any healthcare center. Shoulder pain is influenced by a few factors such as gender, posture during daily activities, aging and psychological factors. Based on the study of Epidemiology of Injuries and Prevention Strategies in Competitive Swimmers, shoulder pain due to shoulder injuries can be reduced by strengthening the shoulder muscle. Badminton has become one of the most popular sports in Asia, especially in Indonesia. This study was conducted to determine if badmintonis able to strengthen the shoulder muscle group. Methods: A cross-sectional analytic experimental study was conducted on September 2015 at Lodaya Badminton Training Center and Bale Padjadjaran of Universitas Padjadjaran. Subjects were 30 healthy male routinely trained badminton players and 30 non-badminton players who voluntarily follow the rstudy procedures. Strength measurement procedures were provided to the subjects after getting informed consent. Data analysis was performed using T-test.Results: The shoulder strength in routinely trained badminton players was significantly different from non-badminton players (P<0.05).Conclusions: Shoulder strength can be improved through routine training of badminton to reduce risk of shoulder injury. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1083]]>
<![CDATA[One Year Data of New Secondary Glaucoma Patients at Top Referral Eye Hospital in Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Elka Rifqah]]>;
<![CDATA[Elsa Gustianty]]>;
<![CDATA[Ihrul Prianza Prajitno]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1060
<![CDATA[Background: Glaucoma is the second most common cause of blindness after cataract in the world and also in Indonesia. Based on the etiology, glaucoma is classified into primary and secondary glaucoma. Secondary glaucoma can cause severe visual function disorders and affect the patient’s quality of life. This study was carried out to indentify the characteristics of new secondary glaucoma patients at Cicendo Eye Hospital from January to December 2013. Methods: This descriptive study was carried out at Cicendo Eye Hospital from November to December 2014. Secondary data were retrieved from medical records of new secondary glaucoma patients who came to the Glaucoma unit from January to December 2013. Inclusion criteria were medical records comprising data about age, gender, location of the affected eyes by secondary glaucoma, etiology of secondary glaucoma and value of intraocular pressure. The collected data were recorded and analyzed to illustrate their frequency distribution and proportion.Results: Out of 63 patients, 42.9% was 40–59 years old and 63.5% was men. Most cases were unilateral (82.5%). It was found that 74 eyes (52 unilateral, 11 bilateral), diagnosed as secondary glaucoma, had intraocular pressure ≥30 mmHg which were 54.1%. Secondary glaucoma were caused by lens induced (36.5%), inflammation (22.2%), and trauma (9.5%).Conclusions: Most cases are middle-aged patients and dominated by men. The eye diagnosed as secondary glaucoma occurred more in the unilateral eye which has intraocular pressure ≥30 mmHg and is caused by lens induced and inflammation. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1060]]>
<![CDATA[Relationship between Types of Cervical SpineTrauma and Occurrence of Neurological Deficits ]]>
<![CDATA[Syaiful Anwar]]>;
<![CDATA[Agus Hadian Rahim]]>;
<![CDATA[Farhan Anwary]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1084
<![CDATA[Background: About 3,500 people died each year due to neck injury, according to a study in the USA. Trauma at cervical spine level causes injury in soft tissue, cervical vertebrae, and spinal cord that can cause neurological deficits. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between type of cervical trauma and the occurrence of neurological deficits.Methods: An analytic study was carried out to 121 medical records of patients diagnosed with cervical spine trauma at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in the period of January 2010−December 2012. Data were classified according to age, sex, period of initial visit to hospital, mechanism of trauma, cervical trauma type, fracture’s or dislocation’s location (without any other vertebral injury) and neurological status. The collected data were analyzed using Chi-Square test and presented in tables.Results: There were 121 cases of cervical spine trauma. Most patients were male and in the productive age group (30−44 years). Most of the initial visits to the hospital were in 2010 and most of the mechanism was traffic accident (46.28%), while soft tissue injury was the most common type of cervical trauma (54.54%) and lower cervical vertebrae was the most common location of fractures or dislocations (76.36%). Sixty two patients were recorded with neurological deficits. Chi-Square test of relationship between the type of cervical trauma and the occurrence of neurological deficit was statistically significant (p=0.000).Conclusions: There is relationship between the type of cervical trauma and occurrence of neurological deficits. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1084]]>
<![CDATA[Environmental Factor Contributed to The Onset of Schizophrenia ]]>
<![CDATA[Yuleni Yuleni]]>;
<![CDATA[Tuti Wahmurti A. Sapiie]]>;
<![CDATA[RA. Retno Ekowati]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1080
<![CDATA[Background: Schizophrenia is a severe and chronic mental disorder that needs a long term treatment and social support. This condition may results in burden and disturbance in the family and society A number of studies have investigated some environmental factors that may potentially lead to schizophrenia. One of many suspected environmental factors is place of born or grew up. This study was conducted to investigate association between place of born or grew up and age of onset of schizophrenia.Methods: This analytical study using cross-sectional method was conducted by retrieving data from 72 medical records of hospitalized schizophrenic patients in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital from October‒November 2013. The variables in this study were age of onset and place (urban or rural) where the patients born or grew-up.The collected data were analyzed using Chi-Square statistical test.Results: This study discovered that 75% of subjects were born or grew up in urban area, 68% of subjects had age of onset at 20‒40 years and there was no association between place of born or grew up and age of onset of schizophrenia (p-value was 0.108).Conclusions: More than half subjects were born and grew up in urban, who had age of onset of schizophrenia at 20‒40 years and there is no significant association between place of born or grew up and age of onset of schizophrenia. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1080]]>
<![CDATA[A Study of Hypoalbuminemia and Pleural Effusionin Pediatric Nephrotic Syndrome ]]>
<![CDATA[Tovan Perinandika]]>;
<![CDATA[Dedi Rachmadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Fenny Dwiyatnaningrum]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1075
<![CDATA[Background: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a kidney disease that is most often found in children. Hypoalbuminemia in NS can cause a decrease in oncotic pressure causing extravasation of fluid into the interstitial space. In conditions of severe hypoalbuminemia, fluid extravasation may cause occurrence of pleural effusion. The objectives of this study was to analyze the correlation between hypoalbuminemia and pleural effusion in children with NS. Methods: An analytical study was conducted on 69 medical records of pediatric nephrotic syndrome from 1 January 2008–31 December 2013 in dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital. Inclusion criteria were pediatric patients between 1-14 years old with NS. Exclusion criteria were patients who already had albumin transfusion, malnutrition, patients with chronic disease, and incomplete medical record information. Contingency coefficient test was carried out to discover the correlation between variables. Results: Out of 89 samples, 69 samples were included. Characteristics of the included patients are male (n=48), female (n=21), age 1–5 (n=24), 6–10 (n=22), 11–14 (n=23), mild hypoalbuminemia (n=3), moderate hypoalbuminemia (n=27), severe hypoalbuminemia (n=39), patients with pleural effusion (n=23), and non-pleural effusion (n=46). There was a significant correlation between hypoalbuminemia and pleural effusion with p=0.000 (p<0.05) and moderate correlation (r=0.437). Conclusions: Hypoalbuminemia has correlation with pleural effusion in pediatric nephrotic syndrome.Keywords: Hypoalbuminemia, pediatric nephrotic syndrome, pleural effusionDOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1075]]>
<![CDATA[Drug Allergy Clinical Characteristics in Pediatrics ]]>
<![CDATA[R. Devina Fathia Almira]]>;
<![CDATA[Gartika Sapartini]]>;
<![CDATA[Vycke Yunivita Kusumah Dewi]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1097
<![CDATA[Background: A drug allergy causes a morbidity and a mortality due to its various range of clinical manifestation. Unfortunately, a study focusing in pediatric drug allergy is insufficient, especially in Bandung. Thus, this study is conducted to determine the clinical characteristic of pediatric drug allergy in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung.Methods: This study was a retrospective descriptive study using medical records of pediatric drug allergy patients between 2010–2015 in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung taken with total sampling method. The variables were patient age, gender, causative drug, and clinical manifestation. Clinical manifestation was then divided into exanthem, urticaria, erythema multiforme, Steven-Johnson’s syndrome/toxic epidemiolytic necrosis (SJS/TEN), and fixed drug eruption (FDE). Results: Out of 101 patients, only 71 were included in the study due to incomplete medical records of the rest. There were 34 (47.89%) males and 37 (52.11%) females. Patients’ age ranged from 1–18 years old with the mean of 7.4 years old. The most common clinical manifestation was SJS/TEN with 25 (35.21%) patients, followed by exanthem with 22 (30.98%) patients. The most common suspected causative drug was non-steriodal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAID) (24%), followed with penicillin (21%).Conclusions: Most common manifestation of pediatric drug allergy in female is SJS/TEN, meanwhile in male is exanthema. Steven-Johnson’s syndrome/toxic epidemiolytic necrosis mostly occurs at the age group of 12–18 years old, and exanthema at the age group of 0–3 years old. This condition is mostly caused by NSAID and penicillin.DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1097]]>
