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INDONESIA
IJOG : Indonesian Journal on Geoscience
Published by Geological Agency of Indonesia
ISSN : 23559314     EISSN : 23559306     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Earth & Planetary Sciences
The spirit to improve the journal to be more credible is increasing, and in 2012 it invited earth scientists in East and Southeast Asia as well as some western countries to join the journal for the editor positions in the Indonesia Journal of Geology. This is also to realize our present goal to internationalize the journal, The Indonesian Journal on Geoscience, which is open for papers of geology, geophysics, geochemistry, geodetics, geography, and soil science. This new born journal is expected to be published three times a year. As an international publication, of course it must all be written in an international language, in this case English. This adds difficulties to the effort to obtain good papers in English to publish although the credit points that an author will get are much higher.
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Articles 796 Documents
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Investigation of Dam Integrity from Electrical Resistivity Methods: A Case of Erelu Dam, Southwestern Nigeria Nurudeen Kolawole Olasunkanmi; L.A. Sunmonu; D.T. Owolabi; M. Bawallah; Azizat Oyelami
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 8 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.8.2.265-274

Abstract

DOI:10.17014/ijog.8.2.265-274Erelu dam is geologically within the Precambrian Basement Complex of southwestern Nigeria, which serves a principal source of water supply to an increasing population; currently at about 779,318. In an attempt to investigate the integrity of the dam, horizontal resistivity profiling (HRP) of dipole-dipole and Schlumberger’s vertical electrical sounding (VES) approaches were explored to delineate the lithologic layers, facies, and geologic structures in the subsurface of the dam. The HRP revealed changes in subsurface conductivity that depicts lateritic hard pan and saturated rock blankets at shallow depth. The vertical geo-electric section delineated predominant four lithologic units. The regolith is 7 m thick and constitutes the vertical rock fill impervious cores of the dam, which is underlained by saprolitic and fresh bedrock. The region of weathered rock depression coincided the shallow saturated anomalous zone and showed surface manifestation of fractured or unconsolidated terrain within the embankment. The fracture serves as conduit for seepage which could be responsible for possible loss in the reservoir water and increases its susceptibility to failure. It is recommended to keep monitoring the seepage with reservoir levels, by periodical geophysical and geotechnical measurements for the two (dry and wet) seasons.
Analysis of Maximum-Rainfall-Infiltration-Induced Slope Stability Using the Transient Rainfall Infiltration and Grid-based Regional Slope-stability Model in Cililin, West Java, Indonesia Khori Sugianti; Yunarto Yunarto; Imam Sadisun; Rendy Kartiko
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 9 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.9.2.263-278

Abstract

DOI:10.17014/ijog.9.2.263-278Landslide is one type of geological disasters that frequently occurs during the rainy season. Rainfall infiltration can cause soil saturation that increases the positive pore water pressure, disturbing the slope stability. Therefore, knowledge of future landslide-triggering rainfall is required for mitigation efforts and reducing the risk of landslide hazards. This paper presents slope-stability modeling in the Cililin area using the well-established infinite slope model called the transient rainfall infiltration and grid-based regional slope-stability (TRIGRS). The modeling used the rainfall data obtained from the statistical analysis of the maximum daily rainfall by using the Gumbel distribution. The present study applied six scenarios in the modeling. Scenario I is the initial condition without rainfall, showing the slope stability influenced by topography, slope, and soil characteristics. TRIGRS modeling involves rainfall infiltration in scenarios II, III, IV, V, and VI. The maximum rainfalls used in the modeling are 66, 76, 101, 120, and 132 mm/d, showing that rainfall infiltration affected the slope stability. The result indicates that rainfall triggered an increase and expansion of the area distributions critical to the slope stability.
Application of Landsat 8 Image in An Assessment of Hydrothermal Alteration Mapping in Dense Vegetation: A Case Study from Kokap Area, Kulon Progo Agung Setianto; Bayu Raharja; Anastasia Dewi Titisari
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 9 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.9.1.45-60

Abstract

DOI:10.17014/ijog.9.1.45-60Several researchers through geochemical analysis have proven the presence of gold mineralization in Kokap, Kulon Progo, as a result of hydrothermal alteration. Alteration mapping with optical remote sensing images in tropical areas is very difficult due to atmospheric conditions, dense vegetation cover, and rapid weathering. This study aims to assess the ability of Landsat 8 images in the mapping of hydrothermal alteration in Kokap, Kulon Progo, with the Principles Component Analysis (PCA) method. Three conventional machine learning methods, including artificial neural network (ANN), maximum likelihood classification (MLC), and support vector machine (SVM) were compared to find an optimal classifier for hydrothermal alteration mapping. The experiment revealed that the MLC method offered the highest overall accuracy. Two alteration zones were mapped, i.e. argillic zone and propylitic zone. The comparison results showed that the MLC classification of band ratio images of 5:2 and 6:7 yielded a classification accuracy of 56.4% and kappa coefficient of 0.36, which was higher than those of other machine learning methods and band combinations. The combination of Landsat 8 with DEM succeeded in increasing accuracy to 59.5% with kappa coefficient of 0.4.
Magma Evolution of Lasem and Senjong Volcanic Complex: High-K Magmatism in Sunda Arc, Indonesia Haryo Edi Wibowo; Agung Harijoko; Mradipta Lintang Alifcanta Moktikanana; Mohammad Yazid Abdillah
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 9 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.9.1.131-145

Abstract

DOI:10.17014/ijog.9.1.131-145Lasem and Senjong Volcanic Complex (LSVC) is one of four Quaternary volcanic complexes with high-K magmatism distributed in the northern coast of Central Java. This research aims to understand the magmatic evolution of the volcanic complex. Morphostratigraphy analysis and field observation show twelve pyroclastic density flow units in Lasem Volcano, distributed mainly in the northern to eastern flanks, but minor occurrences in the southern and western flanks. Meanwhile, nine lava flow units of Lasem are concentrated on the south flank of the volcano. Lasem stratovolcano is attributed to four lava domes distributed on the northern and southern flanks. Senjong Volcano comprises one lava flow and four lava domes. Rocks of LSVC are composed of plagioclase, K-feldspar, hornblende, clinopyroxene, and opaque minerals embedded in the groundmass of volcanic glass and microlite. These calc-alkaline rocks range from basaltic trachyandesite to trachyte in composition. The magma of LSVC can further be grouped into High K/Rb and Low K/Rb types, which dominate the Lasem and Senjong Volcano products, respectively. These two magma types consistently show divergent trends in K/Rb and Rb/Nb plots against increasing silica, indicating distinct differentiation processes of similar magma source.
Spatial Variability in Macro- and Microtextures of A Tropical Intermontane Peatland: Preliminary Investigation into The Kutai Lake Peat System, East Kalimantan, Indonesia Ferian Anggara; Guritno Safitri Muchitawati; Tim. A. Moore; Afrina Septantia
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 8 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.8.2.275-296

Abstract

DOI:10.17014/ijog.8.2.275-296Peat deposits of the Muara Siran, East Kalimantan area, were investigated for their vertical and lateral succession, to examine the characteristic variability, particularly its macro- and microtextures. The deposits are situated in the Kutai Basin, in the vicinity of several Cenozoic coal deposits. Peat samples were taken from twenty-seven coring sites in the area, using a MacCaulay peat corer. The Muara Siran peatlands lie between the Kedang Kepala and Belayan Rivers. Siran Lake lies between these rivers and within the peat system. The peat thickness varied from 0.5 m to 12 m. Decomposed sapric peat formed the basal and margins of the deposit, overlain by moderately decomposed hemic peat in the central part of the peatlands, though both sapric and hemic peat types are interbedded at the margins of the mire. The fibric peat types were found mostly at the top of the mire and only distal from any active streams. Twenty-four samples of peat were freeze-dried for petrographic analyses of both plant part and maceral analyses using a reflected microscope. On the average, the dominant plant parts were stems and wood (i.e. secondary xylem). Maceral composition was mostly from the huminite group (on the average 89%), particularly the macerals humodetrinite and textinite. Macroscopic peat type and microscopic composition are linked. Fibric peat was found to be rich in wood and textinite. Hemic was mostly composed of stems and wood with textinite and humodetrinite as the most abundant macerals. Sapric peat has near equal proportions of stems, wood, and macerated tissue. Humodetrinite is the most abundant maceral in sapric. The average ash and sulfur content were low, 1.29 wt.% and 0.11 wt.%, respectively. Understanding the physical characteristics of inland peat as in Muara Siran peatland is essential to build knowledge of how inland peat is formed and what makes it different from coastal peat. Muara Siran is a unique, relatively small peatland in the central eastern Kalimantan which is still considerably pristine, hence may serve the aim of this study well.  
Parigi Carbonate Reservoir for Underground Gas Storage in West Java, Indonesia Edison Gunawan Sirodj; Edy Sunardi; Billy G Adhiperdana; Iyan Haryanto
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 9 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.9.2.219-228

Abstract

DOI:10.17014/ijog.9.2.219-228This paper focuses on the characteristics and distribution of shallow reservoir carbonate in an underground gas storage. This study was done on Parigi carbonate as a significant reservoir carbonate in West Java Basin. The carbonate is abundant, and it occurs at shallow depths 800 to 1000 m below sea level. This formation broadly spreads out in onshore and offshore West Java areas as platform and build-up carbonates. The development of buildup carbonates is mostly in a low relief offshore. They well-developed onshore where the build-up exhibits coral reef frameworks, high relief, reaching over 450 m in thickness. The carbonate outcrop in Palimanan, western Cirebon which has been studied is grouped into four types of lithofacies. The preservation condition of this carbonate reservoir is important, for the storage capacity can inject a big gas volume. The porosity and permeability parameters are the most influential factor in reservoir evaluation. The parameters for gas storage in this field are within the range of the existing field parameters in Europe and America.
Fractal Dimension Analysis and Earthquake Repeated Period Estimation in the Southern Part of Sumatra Subduction Zone (Bengkulu-Lampung-Sunda Segment) Syamsurijal Rasimeng; Masdar Helmi; Tugiyono Tugiyono; Suharno Suharno
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 9 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.9.3.383-394

Abstract

DOI:10.17014/ijog.9.3.383-394An earthquake seismicity parameter study has been conducted in the southern part of the Sumatra Subduction Zone (SSZ) for the period of 1919 to 2019 with a hypocentre depth of 120 km and magnitude of ≥4Mw. The researched area is divided into three segments, Bengkulu, Lampung, and Sunda segments, respectively. This study aims to evaluate the seismicity parameters in the form of a-value, b-value, fractal dimension, and probabilities of earthquake recurrence period. Frequency-magnitude correlation statistical approach introduced by Gutenberg-Richter was used to calculate the seismicity parameters based on catalogue data obtained from USGS. An a-value variation of 5.11±1.84 to 5.85±2.46 obtained indicates the most dominant seismic intensity. b-value of 0.69±0,.17 to 0.83±0.35 correlates with high-stress levels, the level of spatial heterogeneity on the SFZ, and the probabilities of bigger earthquakes in the future. The calculation of fractal dimension of 1.4±0.33 to 1.7±0.71 indicates an earthquake distribution pattern was caused by a single fracture zone along the southern part of SSZ. The fracture zone is located on the left and right sides of the southern part of SSZ, which may not have been connected. In addition, the calculation result of earthquake recurrence period with magnitude ≥6.5Mw indicates that there will be an 5 - 6 earthquake event in the Bengkulu segment, 2 - 3 event in the Lampung segment, and 1 - 2 event in the Sunda segment, while the probabilities of an earthquake with magnitude ≥7.5Mw along the southern part of SSZ is 1 - 2 times.
A Simple But Effective Approach of Building Footprint Extraction in Topographic Mapping Acceleration Danang Budi Susetyo; Aldino Rizaldy; Mochamad Irwan Hariyono; Nugroho Purwono; Fahrul Hidayat; Rizka Windiastuti; Tia Rizka N. Rachma; Prayudha Hartanto
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 8 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.8.3.329-343

Abstract

DOI:10.17014/ijog.8.3.329-343Topographic mapping using stereo plotting is not effective, because it takes much time and labour-intensive. Thus, this research was conducted to find the effective way to extract building footprint for mapping acceleration from LiDAR data. Building extraction method in this process comprises four steps: ground/non-ground filtering, building classification, segmentation, and building extraction. Classification of ground and non-ground classes was performed using Adaptive-TIN Surface algorithm. Non-ground points from filtering process were classified as building with the algorithm based on multiscale local dimensionality to separate points at the maximum separability plane. Segmentation using segment growing was used to separate each building, so boundary detection could be conducted for each segment to create boundary of each building. Lastly, building extraction was conducted through three steps: boundary point detection, building delineation, and building regularization. With ten samples and step 0.5, classification resulted in quality and miss factor of 0.597 and 0.524, respectively. The quality was improved by segmentation process to 0.604, while miss factor was getting worse to 0.561. Meanwhile, on the average shape index value from extracted building had 0.02 difference, and the number of errors was 30% for the line segment comparison. Regarding positional accuracy using centroid accuracy assessment, this method could produce RMSE of 1.169 m.
Rainfall Infiltration-induced Slope Instability of the Unsaturated Volcanic Residual Soils During Wet Seasons in Indonesia Agus Setyo Muntohar; Jazaul Ikhsan; Hung-Jiun Liao; Apiniti Jotisankasa; Victor G. Jetten
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 9 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.9.1.71-85

Abstract

DOI:10.17014/ijog.9.1.71-85Located in the ring of fire, Indonesia is widely covered by volcanic soil deposits in various hilly or mountainous areas, especially in Java Island. It is also being characterized as a tropical region, rainfall-induced slope failure in residual volcanic soil, and it is of practical significance to study its mechanism. This paper presents the study of the influence of rainfall and antecedent rainfall pattern on the stability of a residual slope in Yogyakarta. Two residual soil types, clayey sand, SC, and high plasticity clay, CH, were investigated in this study which is of different soil-water and hydraulic characteristics. The studied area was located in Kedungrong Village, Samigaluh, Kulonprogo. The rainfall record was obtained from the automatic rain gauge station in Kalibawang catchment area during November 2001. Two rainfall scenarios were modelled in the numerical analysis; those classified as the major rainfall that precipitates for thirty days (Condition 1) and the three influencing-rainfall (Conditions 2 to 4). Based on the simulation result from the major rainfall and the antecedent rainfall, the slope tended to fail when the precipitation went on continuously for three days with the so-called rolling rainfall pattern. The stability of the slope was dependent on the soil-water and hydraulic properties of the soil layer.
A Computation to Generate 2D and 3D Vector Displacements Using InSAR Ascending and Descending Source Data (Case Studies: Landslides and Earthquake in Indonesia) Noorlaila Hayati; Wolfgang Niemeier; Putra Maulida; Filsa Bioresita; Hesty Wahyu Nuryani
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 10 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.10.3.323-334

Abstract

Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is a radar technique to generate map of surface deformation using phase differences acquired at different times. The InSAR technique measures these phase differences in its line of sight (LOS). Regarding LOS projection to a ground coordinate system, the combination of SAR data from ascending and descending can estimate at least two dimensional fields which are vertical and east-west components and three dimensional fields with either an additional motion model or vector displacements from along-track direction. The purpose of this work is to generate 2D and 3D vector displacements from two different InSAR tracks (e.g. ascending and descending) with a calculation programme both for the mean velocity and time series data named as PS DISP. 2D mode is calculated in which the north-south component is neglected due to insensitive along the flight direction, thus, assuming to be zero (0). On the other hand, 3D mode is calculated with an assumption that the northsouth component moves along the elevation downward. The experimental results were conducted for the Puncak Pass and Puncak Highway landslides and the Lombok earthquake in Indonesia. For the landslide study, the computation generated the movement towards the slope surface in the 3D Cartesian coordinate (dU,dE, and dN (psuedo)) and found both the crown body and cumulative zone of the landslide. For the earthquake study, PS DISP decomposed 2D vectors (dU and dE). The area of earthquake rupture was lifted by 42 cm and other northern Lombok areas by 10 - 25 cm. Regarding the west-eastern motion, it shows that the west of northern Lombok was displaced ±5 cm toward the west direction, while the other side to the east direction. Keywords: InSAR, 2D and 3D displacements, slope aspect, ground motion, landslide, earthquake

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