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INDONESIA
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 19070799     EISSN : 27227731     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences
diterbitkan oleh Balai Besar Litbang Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian, Jurnal Sumberdaya lahan terbit 2 kali setahun memuat suatu tinjauan terhadap hasil-hasil penelitian atau terhadap suatu topik yang berkaitan dengan aspek tanah, air, iklim, dan lingkungan pertanian
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 5 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 12, No 2 (2018)" : 5 Documents clear
Reklamasi Lahan Bekas Tambang Timah Berpotensi sebagai Lahan Pertanian di Kepulauan Bangka Belitung asmarhansyah asmarhansyah; Rahmat Hasan
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 12, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v12n2.2018.73-82

Abstract

Abstrak. Lahan bekas tambang timah berpeluang untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai areal pertanian dalam upaya pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan dan mengatasi persoalan lingkungan pasca penambangan. Tujuan makalah ini adalah untuk mengkaji upaya reklamasi lahan bekas tambang timah untuk dijadikan areal pertanian di Kepulauan Bangka Belitung. Luas seluruh izin usaha penambangan (IUP) yang telah diterbitkan oleh pemerintah pusat dan daerah dan dimiliki oleh perseroan di darat sebesar 327.524 ha, sedangkan luas IUP di laut 183.837 ha. Aspek biofisik lahan sangat menentukan keberhasilan reklamasi lahan bekas tambang timah. Pemanfaatan lahan bekas tambang timah sebagai areal pertanian menemui sejumlah kendala biofisik lahan, seperti bentang lahan (lanskap) yang tidak beraturan, hilangnya lapisan atas tanah (top soil), rendahnya status kesuburan tanah, dan terganggunya kualitas air kolong. Selain aspek biofisik, upaya reklamasi juga patut mempertimbangkan aspek sosial ekonomi, seperti status kepemilikan lahan, pengetahuan dan keterampilan petani, dan kelayakan biaya usaha tani. Penyimpanan tanah pucuk, penataan lahan, penggunaan amelioran, pengembangan Legume Cover Crops, implementasi Integrated Farming Systems, dan perbaikan kualitas air kolong di lahan bekas tambang timah diyakini mampu meningkatkan kualitas dan daya dukung lahan bekas tambang timah untuk areal pertanian. Reklamasi lahan bekas tambang timah juga membutuhkan partisipasi aktif masyarakat, pemerintah daerah, dan perusahaan tambang timah. Kegiatan reklamasi yang mampu memberikan manfaat bagi masyarakat setempat untuk berusaha tani di lahan bekas tambang timah dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu indikator keberhasilan reklamasi pasca penambangan.Abstract. Abandoned tin-mining lands have the potential to be used as agricultural areas in order to fulfill food demand and solve the environmental problems derived from mining activities. The purpose of this paper is to assess the reclamation measures on abandoned-tin mining areas which could be used as agricultural areas in Bangka Belitung Islands. The total areas of the mining business license (IUP) issued by the central and local government and owned by the company are 327,524 ha in inland and 183,837 ha in the sea. Biophysical aspects largely determines the success of reclamation of abandoned tin-mining areas. Utilization of abandoned-tin mining areas as agricultural areas is facing land biophysical constraints, such as undulating landscape, losses of top soil, low soil fertility status, and disruption of water quality of tin-mining pond. In addition to the biophysical aspects, reclamation efforts should also consider the socio-economic aspects, including land ownership status, knowledge and skills of farmers, and the feasibility of the cost of farming systems. Conservation of top soil, arrangement of land, development of legume cover crops, implementation of Integrated Farming Systems, and improvement of water quality in the area under the former tin mine are believed to improve the quality and carrying capacity of abandoned tin-mining areas to be used as agricultural areas. Reclamation of abandoned tin-mining areas also requires the active participation of the community, local government, and tin mining company. Reclamation activities that can provide benefits to local communities for farming in tin mined land can be used as one indicator of the success of the post-mining reclamation.
Keberlanjutan Inovasi Teknologi Lahan Rawa Pasang Surut : Prospek, Kendala dan Implementasi Mamat Haris Suwanda; Muhammad Noor
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 12, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v12n2.2018.117-131

Abstract

Abstrak. Masalah pangan yang dihadapi semakin berat dan kompleksnya ditengah semakin meningkatnya jumlah populasi penduduk dan konversi lahan. Sejak tahun 2018 melalui Program UPSUS PAJALE dan Program SERASI pemerintah di bawah Kementerian Pertanian berupaya meningkatkan produksi pangan, khsusunya beras secara nasional.  Dari luas 20,11 juta hektar lahan rawa pasang surut berpotensi sebagai sumber produksi padi seluas 9,53 juta hektar. Jika 50% saja dari lahan yang cocok tersebut dimanfaatkan, maka dapat dihasilkan sekitar 14,295 juta ton GKG per tahun. Dukungan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi untuk pengembangan lahan rawa pasang surut  hasil penelitian dan pengkajian cukup tersedia, baik dalam upaya peningkatan produktivitas dan produksi maupun peningkatan kapasitas dan kelembagaan petani. Implementasi hasil-hasil penelitian tersebut dalam skala luas (scalling up) memerlukan dukungan pemerintah baik pusat maupun daerah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dalam meningkatkan produksi tanaman pangan, khususnya padi diperlukan 10 komponen teknologi meliputi : (1) pengelolaan air, (2) penyiapan lahan dan, (3) pengolahan tanah, (4) penataan lahan, (5) ameliorasi, (6) pemupukan, (7) penggunaan varietas adaptif, (8) sistem tanam dan jarak tanam, (9) pengendalian hama dan penyakit tanaman, dan (10) panen dan pasca panen. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengemukakan tentang perspektif keberlanjutan dari  inovasi teknologi lahan rawa pasang surut terkait dengan potensi dan kendalanya dalam implementasi ke depan.  Masalah pokok yang menghambat implementasi teknologi  terdiri paling tidak atas tiga hal yaitu (1) kesesuaian teknis dari teknologi tersebut dengan kemampuan teknis petani, (2) kesesuaian teknis dari teknologi tersebut dengan sosial budaya petani setempat, (3) dukungan dari aspek kelembagaan petani dan pemerintah, termasuk pemerintah daerah. Keberlanjutan inovasi teknologi pertanian lahan rawa pada umumnya paling tidak ditentukan minimal oleh tiga aspek atau dimensi, yaitu aspek ekonomi, sosial dan aspek lingkungan.  Secara garis besar, maka implementasi keberlanjutan teknologi pengembangan rawa, termasuk keberhasilan Program SERASI  hanya dapat dicapai melalui (1) penyiapan infrastruktur pengelolaan air yang tepat sebagai kunci; (2) paket teknologi yang lengkap dan spesifik lokasi dari komponen teknologi penyiapan bibit, penyemaian sampai komponen pasca-panen (pengemasan), dan (3) model kelembagaan menyeluruh dari penyuluhan, permodalan, pengelolaan air, budidaya, pengolahan hasil, pemasaran, dan penyediaan sarana dan prarana produksi, termasuk alsintan.  Abstract. The problem of food faced is increasingly heavy and complex amidst the increasing population and land conversion. Since 2018 through the UPSUS PAJALE Program and the SERASI Program the government under the Ministry of Agriculture has sought to increase food production, especially rice nationally. Of the total 20.11 million hectares of tidal swamp land potentially as a source of rice production, 9.53 million hectares. If only 50% of the suitable land is utilized, it can produce around 14,295 million tons per year. The support of science and technology for the development of tidal swamp land from the results of research and studies is quite available both in an effort to increase productivity and production and increase the capacity and institutional capacity of farmers. In the implementation of scaling up results, the support of the central and regional governments is needed. The results of the research in increasing food crop production, especially rice showed that 10 components of technology were needed including : (1) water management, (2) land preparation and, (3) soil management, (4) land management, (5) amelioration, (6) fertilization , (7) use of adaptive varieties, (8) planting systems and spacing, (9) control of plant pests and diseases, and (10) harvest and post-harvest. This paper aims to suggest the sustainability perspective of tidal swamp technology innovation related to the potential and constraints in future implementation. The main problems that hinder the implementation of technology comprise at least three things, namely (1) the technical suitability of the technology with the farmers' technical capabilities, (2) the technical suitability of the technology with the local socio-cultural farmers, (3) support from the institutional and farm , including local government. The sustainability of technological innovation in swamp farming in general is at least determined by at least three aspects or dimensions, namely economic, social and environmental aspects. Broadly speaking, the implementation of the sustainability of swamp development technology, including the success of the SERASI Program can only be achieved through (1) the preparation of appropriate water management infrastructure; (2) complete and site-specific technology packages from the components of seedling preparation technology, seeding to post-harvest components (packaging), and (3) a comprehensive institutional model of extension, capital, water management, cultivation, yield processing, marketing, and provision facilities and production facilities, including Alsintan.
Karakteristik Mineral Tanah Berbahan Vulkanik dan Potensi Kesuburannya di Pulau Jawa Setiyo Purwanto; Rachmat Abdul Gani; Sukarman Sukarman
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 12, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v12n2.2018.83-98

Abstract

Abstrak. Pulau Jawa memiliki gunung api terbanyak di Indonesia (45 buah). Material bersumber dari erupsi gunungapi (piroklastik) di sekitar Pulau Jawa menyebabkan kualitas kesuburan tanah di Pulau Jawa lebih baik dibandingkan wilayah lain di Indonesia. Wilayah pegunungan sering dijadikan sebagai daerah sentra usaha pertanian. Kajian terkait karakteristik mineralogi tanah dari bahan vulkanik di Pulau Jawa telah banyak dilakukan, namun terbatas pada penelitian yang bersifat mandiri (perwilayahan pegunungan). Mengungkap dan memperbandingkan data berkait karakteristik mineralogi tanah vulkanik di Pulau Jawa akan memperkaya hasanah keilmuan dan bermanfaat dalam tata kelola lahan pertanian. Abstract. Java Island has the most volcanoes in Indonesia (45 volcanoes). Materials sourced from volcanic eruptions (pyroclastic) around the Java Island have caused the quality of soil fertility in Java is better than other regions in Indonesia. Mountainous areas are often used as a center of agricultural business, especially horticulture. Studies related to the mineralogical characteristics of soil from volcanic material on the Java Island have been widely carried out, but are limited to independent research (single mountain territory). Revealing and comparing data related to the mineralogical characteristics of volcanic soils in the Java Island will enriches scientific knowledge and useful in the management of agricultural land.
Karakteristik Tanah dan Strategi Rehabilitasi Lahan Bekas Tambang Timah di Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung S. Sutono; Umi Haryati; Fahmuddin Agus
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 12, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v12n2.2018.99-116

Abstract

Abstrak. Pasca penambangan timah menyisakan sebagian berupa lahan pasir tailing yang mempunyai tekstur pasir dengan proporsi fraksi pasir >80%, debu dan liat keduanya <20%. Lahan ini merupakan lahan sangat miskin bahan organik dan hara, sukar menyimpan air, sulit merehabilitasinya karena memerlukan input tinggi. Tulisan ini membahas karakteristik dan dinamika hara tanah pada lahan bekas tambang timah serta teknik pendekatan rehabilitasi lahan tepat guna menanggulangi faktor pembatas lahan pasir tailing timah agar mampu menghasilkan produk berupa komoditas pertanian. Sampai saat ini tanah mineral liat dan bahan organik merupakan bahan yang secara ekonomis murah dan secara teknis mudah dilakukan. Memperbaiki kemampuannya menyimpan hara dan air merupakan kunci keberhasilan merehabilitasi lahan pasir tailing timah. Pendekatan inilah yang seharusnya menjadi pedoman umum dalam merehabilitasi lahan pasir tailing timah untuk dijadikan lahan pertanianAbstract. Post tin mining leaves a portion in the form of tailings sand which has a sand texture with a proportion of sand fraction >80%, both silt and clay <20%. This land is a very poor of organic matter and nutrients, it is difficult to store water. Therefore to rehabilitate it is very difficult and high input is needed. This paper examines the characteristic and dynamics of soil nutrients in abandoned tin-mining area and the appropriate land rehabilitation techniques to overcome the limiting factor for tin tailings sand to be ability and can produce agricultural commodity products. Clay soil mineral and organic material is a material that is economically inexpensive and technically easy to do. Improving its ability to store nutrients and water is the key to the success of rehabilitating tin tailings sand fields. This approach should be a general guideline in rehabilitating tin tailings sand land to be used as agricultural land.
Pesticide Residue Monitoring on Agriculture in Indonesia Asep Nugraha Ardiwinata; Lin Nuriah Ginoga; Eman Sulaeman; Elisabeth Srihayu Harsanti
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 12, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v12n2.2018.133-144

Abstract

Abstract. Most agricultural producers use pesticides to prevent pests and increase yield and quality of the food they grow. Pesticides can damage people’s health, and lead to birth defects (teratogenic in character) and death in humans and animals. Many of these chemical residues, especially derivatives of organochlorine pesticides, demonstrate dangerous bioaccumulation levels in the body and environment. The problems caused by organochlorine residues (lindan, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor and DDT) on agricultural lands that are still found today are generally the consequence of past usage that dates back to the1960s. Research on pesticide residues in Indonesia was carried out several years ago by various research institutes and universities and some of these results were collected between 1985 and 2017. Data distribution of the results on pesticide residues include in Aceh, North Sumatra, West Sumatra, Jambi, Bengkulu, Lampung, Banten, Jakarta, West Java, Central Java, East Java, Yogyakarta, Bali, South Kalimantan, North Sulawesi, South Sulawesi, Gorontalo, Maluku, and Papua. Most of the pesticide residue research has been conducted on vegetables. Pesticide residues were found in various commodities and matrices such as rice, soybeans, cow's milk, chicken eggs, fruit ingredients, vegetables, soil, paddy water, river water, lake water, pond water, sea water, water birds, animal feed, fish, frogs, lamb, birds, eggs, tea, and honey. Pesticide residues found were insecticide (organochlorine, organophosphate, carbamate, pyrethroid), and fungicide (dimethomorp, fenobucarb, propineb, benomyl, carbendazim and thiametoxam). Organochlorine insecticides have been banned, but the residues are still found today. This is due to the nature of organochlorines which have high persistence properties. Even though insecticide residues (organophosphate, carbamate, pirethroid) found in food commodities are still below the maximum residual limit (MRL), namely SNI 7313: 2008, but some close to MRL. Particularly for organochlorine residues in soil, water and plants insecticides must be monitored because they are persistent, toxic and accumulative. This paper aims to review of pesticide residues in various products including food, and the potential impact of pesticide residues on human health. Abstrak. Sebagian besar produsen pertanian menggunakan pestisida untuk mencegah hama dan meningkatkan hasil dan kualitas makanan yang mereka tanam. Pestisida dapat merusak kesehatan manusia, dan bersifat teratogenik dan mematikan pada manusia dan hewan. Banyak dari residu kimia ini, terutama turunan pestisida organoklorin, menunjukkan tingkat bioakumulasi yang berbahaya dalam tubuh manusia dan lingkungan. Masalah tersebut disebabkan oleh residu organoklorin (lindan, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor dan DDT) yang digunakan sejak tahun 1960-an. Penelitian tentang residu pestisida di Indonesia dilakukan beberapa tahun yang lalu oleh berbagai lembaga penelitian dan universitas yang dikumpulkan antara tahun 1985 dan 2017. Distribusi data hasil residu pestisida tersebar di Aceh, Sumatera Utara, Sumatera Barat, Jambi, Bengkulu, Lampung, Banten, Jakarta, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, Yogyakarta, Bali, Kalimantan Selatan, Sulawesi Utara dan Selatan, Gorontalo, Maluku, dan Papua. Penelitian yang telah dilakukan menemukan residu pestisida tidak hanya ditemukan di berbagai komoditas pertanian seperti beras, kedelai, susu sapi, telur ayam, bahan buah, sayuran tetapi juga pada tanah, sawah, air sungai, air danau, air kolam, air laut, burung air, pakan ternak, ikan, katak, domba, telur burung, teh, dan madu. Residu pestisida yang banyak ditemukan di lapangan adalah insektisida (organoklorin, organofosfat, karbamat, piretroid), dan fungisida (dimethomorp, fenobucarb, propineb, benomyl, carbendazim dan thiametoxam). Insektisida golongan organoklorin telah dilarang penggunaannya, namun residunya masih ditemukan hingga kini. Hal ini dikarenakan sifat organoklorin yang memiliki sifat persistensi yang tinggi. Residu insektisida (organofosfat, karbamat, piretroid) yang ditemukan di dalam komoditas pangan secara umum masih di bawah batas maksimum residu (BMR) yang mengacu pada standar nasional, yaitu SNI 7313: 2008, namun beberapa residu insektisida telah mendekati BMR. Khusus untuk residu insektisida golongan organoklorin di dalam tanah, air dan tanaman harus dipantau karena sifatnya yang persisten, beracun, dan akumulatif. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji residu pestisida dalam berbagai produk termasuk makanan, dan dampak potensial residu pestisida pada kesehatan manusia.

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