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INDONESIA
Buletin Iptek Tanaman Pangan
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Computer Science & IT
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 6 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 8, No 1 (2013): Juni 2013" : 6 Documents clear
Pemanfaatan Plasma Nutfah Padi Varietas Lokal dalam Perakitan Varietas Unggul Trias Sitaresmi; Rina H. Wening,; Ami T. Rakhmi; Nani Yunani; Untung Susanto
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 8, No 1 (2013): Juni 2013
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

Indonesia is rich in rice germplasm which functioning as genetic resources, consisting of local varieties and wild species. Million years ago, Indonesian archipelago was an integral part of the Asia continent, which is considered as the center of origin of rice. Vavilov postulated that India is the Center of Origin of rice and Indonesia could be considered as the Secondary Center of Origin of rice. Local varieties had been planted by farmers for many generations on specific agroecology, so that presumably they are resistant/tolerant to biotic or abiotic stresses on a specific location. Farmers had selected seeds from the population, based on good adaptation or god quality for the next planting season. They selected plants that have good grain quality and good cooking taste. Therefore, most of the local varieties have a good grain quality and their taste quality met the consumer’s preference. Germplasm research on rice in Indonesia had identified local varieties which are resistant/tolerant to pests and diseases including: ganjur, bacterial leaf blight, orange leaf blight, brown planthopper, leaf blast, neck blast, white striped leaf, tungro, drought, Al toxicity, Fe toxicity, tolerant to abiotic stress such as salinity, cold temperature, and shade. The local varieties had been used in the breeding program, however, the number of germplasm used as parental crosses is still low. Research on gene analyses, gene mapping, and study on the gene inheritance are needed, to facilitate an efficient use of the genetic resources. Use of local varieties as parental hybridization is recommended, to get superior specific genotype on the new varieties, so that released varieties should have a broad genetic variability.
Potensi Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskular sebagai Media Pengendalian Penyakit Busuk Pelepah pada Jagung Soenartiningsih Soenartiningsih
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 8, No 1 (2013): Juni 2013
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

Sheath blight is soil borne disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani, an important disease in maize. It could cause 100% yield loss on susceptible varieties. R. solani infects lower sheath, spreading upward to the ear, causing ear rot. Symbiosis of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and maize, in addition to improving growth of plant by increasing the absorption of nutrients, especially P, was reported that the fungus was capable of inhibiting the growth of soil borne pathogens. Inhibition or control of soil borne pathogen was probably due to the increase of fenol, to stimulate the formation of flavonoids which increase the activation of phenyl alanine ammonium lyase (PAL) enzyme. Increasing flavonoid structure, however, was not directly involved in plant resistance, but it serves to synthesize chitinase and phenyl alanine ammonium lyase enzyme, which induces plant resistance. The association between AMF and maize was also causing the occurrence of lignified of the roots so that the plant was forming a physical barrier to the entry of pathogens. The development of disease caused by R. solani on the mycorrhizal roots was relatively lower compared with that of uninfected mycorrhiza. The AMF decreased the intensity of sheath blight disease up to 41% based on research conducted in the greenhouse. The AM fungi trial in the field was able to suppress sheath blight disease by 36% when in symbiotic growth with Glomus sp, while symbiosis with Acaulospora mellea suppresses the disease up to 28%.
Peluang Pengembangan Kedelai pada Areal Pertanaman Ubi Kayu di Lahan Kering Masam Arief Harsono; Subandi Subandi
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 8, No 1 (2013): Juni 2013
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

Cassava crop occupies the largest land area among the food crops in the acid soil drylands. Farmers tend to grow cassava as a monocrop, so that farmers’ income derived solely from cassava only. Intercopping of cassava + soybean following the cropping pattern of cassava + soybean/+ goundnut or cassava + groundnut /+ soybean, could improve farmers’ income derived from the soybean and groundnut crops, without reducing the cassava tuber yield. Technology to improve soil productivity for such cropping pattern is available, consisting of soil amelioration using dolomite, high nutrient organic fertilizer “Santap-M” rhizobium innoculation “Illetrisoy stain” and inorganic fertilizer. The cropping pattern is considered suitable for improving soil fertility on cassava planted area.
Pengembangan Pangan Tradisional Berbasis Jagung Mendukung Diversifikasi Pangan Suarni Suarni
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 8, No 1 (2013): Juni 2013
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

Various corn-based traditional food in Indonesia representing a wealth ethnic food in every regions that needs to be preserved. In every region there is a specific corn based food, differ in processing methods. This paper discusses various traditional food products based on fresh corn and dried grain. Nutritional components of local corn variety were also reviewed. To improve the image of traditional corn based food an intensive promotion of the functional food contained in the simple corn food preparation is suggested. It requires that corn food be sold in food stalls and restaurants. Corn based food is considered healthier, low in cholesterol and suitable for the old people diet. Traditional food preparation based on corn could be modified using the international recipes, so that it could enter the home industries. Corn variety suitable for food industries is needed, especially those with good eating quality, high productivity and contain high nutritions. Corn based food should be promoted to broaden the food diversification program.
Hama Penggerek Batang Padi dan Teknologi Pengendalian Baehaki S. E.
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 8, No 1 (2013): Juni 2013
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

Rice stem borer is an important pest on rice. Its occurrence and distribution needs to be monitored, for the purpose of its control measure. Recently a very high attack occurred on rice in the island of Java, especially in West Java and Central Java. The technological strategy for controlling borers is triangle action strategy, consisting the implementation of SOP borer control, building borer control unity in the community, and farming a strong national and local government commitment on borer control. The application of SOP for borer control, should base on the new economic threshold recently developed, namely based on pest monitoring using light traps, at 4 days after the first adult flight. Borer control should not based on the old economic threshold because by that time the damages had already occur, and sometimes the yield loss had been substantial.
Durabilitas Ketahanan Varietas Padi terhadap Penyakit Tungro R. Heru Praptana; Ahmad Muliadi
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 8, No 1 (2013): Juni 2013
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

Tungro is a damaging rice disease, especially in endemic area. Infection of tungro is caused by the infection of two different viruses, namely RTSV and RTBV, both can only be transmitted by green leafhopper. Tungro epidemic is influenced by the variety planted, tungro virus, green leafhopper, environmental conditions and cultivation practices. Resistant varieties play an important role in controlling tungro epidemic. The use of resistant varieties is an effective control component and environmentally friendly. Planting a resistant variety with different sources of genes for resistance prevent the build up of tungro epidemic. The availability of several resistant varieties is the main requirement for the sustainable management of tungro disease control. Durable resistant variety is important to be maintained, so that a comprehensive control management system based on the biology and epidemiology of tungro can be applied. Resistant variety could be developed through the incorporation of multiple genes for resistance to viruses and to vectors. The resistant varieties should be widely adopted by farmers in the endemic area. Mapping of the distribution of tungro resistant variety is required to facilitate the monitoring of varietal resistance durability to support the future resistance breeding program.

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