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Buletin Plasma Nutfah
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 14104377     EISSN : 25491393     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Buletin Plasma Nutfah (BPN) is an open access scientific journal published by The Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD), The Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), Ministry of Agriculture. This peer-refereed journal covering the area of genetic resources including exploration, characterization, evaluation, conservation, diversity, traditional knowledge, management and policy / regulation, of all kinds of genetic resources: plants, animals, fishes, insects and microbes. Manuscripts submitted to this journal are those that have never been published in other journals. This journal is published in one volume of two issues per year (June and December). We invite authors to submit the manuscripts to this journal in English or Indonesian. Detail information about the journal, including author guidelines and manuscript template, is available on the website (http://ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/bpn). The manuscript should be submitted electronically through our submission system. Buletin Plasma Nutfah (BPN) is an open access scientific journal published by Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD), Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), Ministry of Agriculture. BPN Accredited by Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia (No. 21/E/KPTP/2018) for period of 2016-2020. This peer-refereed journal covers the area of genetic resources including exploration, characterization, evaluation, conservation, diversity, traditional knowledge, management and policy / regulation related to genetic resources: plants, animals, fishes, insects and microbes which has never been published in other Journal
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Search results for , issue "Vol 14, No 2 (2008): December" : 7 Documents clear
Karakterisasi dan Evaluasi Aksesi Pepaya Introduksi nFN Sudjijo
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 14, No 2 (2008): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v14n2.2008.p81-84

Abstract

New varieties of papaya can be obtained from the exploration of germplasms, conventional breeding, genetic engineering and the introduction of new cultivars from overseas. This study was conducted at Sumani Experimental Field of the Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute from April 2006 to March 2007. This study aimed at characterizing papaya accessions based on their morphological characters listed as descriptor published by IBPGR (1988). The plant materials used were 3 accessions, of papaya introduced from India, namely SR-01, SR-02, SR-03, and 1 local variety. From three papaya accessions observed, SR-03 produced ideal fruit size (840 g), sweet (13.21o Brix of total soluble solid), firm flesh texture, 25.20 mm of pulp thickness, orange to red flesh colour. This accession was promising for further development. AbstrakPlasma nutfah merupakan salah satu subtansi sumber daya genetik yang dapat dimuliakan untuk merakit varietas baru. Sumber plasma nutfah dapat diperoleh melalui rekayasa genetika, eksplorasi maupun introduksi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Sumani, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Tropika, menggunakan material benih tiga aksesi pepaya introduksi dari India, terdiri dari (SR-01, SR-02, SR-03) dan 1 varietas lokal, dimulai dari bulan April 2006-Maret 2007. Penelitian bertujuan untuk memperoleh data base karakter dari aksesi pepaya tersebut. Metode penelitian menggunakan Descriptor List for Papaya. Dari hasil pengamatan diperoleh data bahwa nomor aksesi SR-03 memiliki ukuran buah ideal, rasa manis, kenyal, dan berproduksi sepanjang tahun, bobot buah 840 g, tebal daging 25,2 mm, padatan total terlarut (PTT) 13,21o Brix, warna jingga.
Karakteristik dan Produktivitas Ayam Kedu Hitam Achmad Gozali Nataamijaya
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 14, No 2 (2008): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v14n2.2008.p85-89

Abstract

The Black Kedu fowl, of Kedu origin district of Temanggung Central Java was one of rare types Indonesian local fowl and considered as productive egg layer amongst local fowls. Therefore, they need to be characterized to better utilize their potential to breed commercial stocks.This study was conducted to find out more reliable data on the characteristics and productivity of the fowl. Two hundred and forty day old chicks were raised in 20 brooders sized 1.5 m x 1.2 m x 0.75 m and fed starter diet contained 20% of crude protein and 3100 kcal metabolizable energy/kg until 4 weeks old, thereafter the birds diet contained 18% crude protein and 3000 kcal metabolizable energy/kg until 8 weeks old then 14% crude protein and 2,800 kcal/kg until 20 weeks old and placed at grower house, after week 20 these hens were removed into layer house. At the age of 21 weeks these birds were given layer diet with 16% crude protein and 2800 kcal metabolizable energy/kg of diet. Drinking water was given ad libitum. Results showed that the dominant plumage colour was shiny black either male or female with red comb and wattle, whilst the colour of shank and beak were mostly dark. The average mortality rate at 1st, 2nd and sixth week was 6.07, 2.16, and 0.43% respectively. The average chicks body weight at day one was 28.98 g. At the 1st to 8th week the average body weight was 40.58, 81.25, 123.60, 192.68, 286.02, 380.39, 487.68, and 578.08 g with feed conversion value of 1.02, 2.58, 2.82, 2.91, 2.98, 3.23, 3.86, and 4.42. Some of the hens started laying eggs at 20 weeks old, however most of them started at 22 weeks old when the production rate was 14.9%. Peak production (41.70%) was reached at 38 weeks old, the average egg production during observation period was 32.48% with feed conversion value for egg production around 6.58. These eggs were laid in the morning (54.36%), the rest were laid in the afternoon (45.64%), the color of the eggs were light brown (75.48%) and brown (25.52%). The average weight of egg was 28.64 g at initial laying period, 35.69 g at peak production and 43.33 g at 52 weeks old, the grade/USDA score of inner egg quality was A/4. It was concluded that the Black Kedu fowl has a distinctive appearance and better productivity compared to ordinary local fowl, and hence could be utilized as genetic resources to develop egg type commercial stock. AbstrakAyam Kedu Hitam, berasal dari Desa Kedu Kabupaten Temanggung Jawa Tengah, adalah salah satu jenis ayam lokal langka dan dikenal sebagai tipe petelur yang cukup produktif. Penelitian bertujuan untuk memperoleh data lengkap karakteristik dan produktivitas ayam Kedu Hitam. Dua ratus empat puluh ekor anak ayam dibesarkan dalam kotak induk buatan berukuran 1,5 m x 1,2 m x 0,75 m dan diberikan pakan starter yang mengandung 20% protein kasar (PK) dan 3100 Kcal/kg energi metabolik (EM) sampai umur 4 minggu, selanjutnya diberikan pakan mengandung 18% PK dan 3000 Kcal/kg EM sampai umur 8 minggu, kemudian pada umur 20 minggu ditempatkan dalam kandang ayam dara serta diberikan pakan dengan 14% PK dan 2800 Kcal/kg EM pada umur 21 minggu ayam dewasa ditempatkan dalam kandang petelur dengan pemberian pakan mengandung 16% PK dan 2800 Kcal/kg EM. Air minum diberikan secara berlebihan. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa warna bulu yang dominan adalah hitam berkilauan, baik jantan maupun betina, dengan jengger dan pial berwarna merah, sedangkan sisik kaki dan paruh berwarna gelap kehitaman. Angka kematian pada minggu pertama, kedua, dan keenam 6,07; 2,16; dan 0,43%, rata-rata bobot badan saat menetas 28,98 g, pada minggu pertama sampai minggu ke-8 bobot badan berturut-turut 40,58; 81,25; 123,60; 192,68; 286,02; 380,39; 487,68; dan 578,08 g dengan nilai konversi pakan 1,02; 2,58; 2,82; 2,91; 2,98; 3,23; 3,86; dan 4,42. Ayam betina pada umur 22 minggu telah menghasilkan telur sebanyak 14,9%, puncak produksi (41,70%) pada umur 38 minggu, sedangkan rata-rata produksi telur 32,48% dengan nilai konversi pakan 6,58. Sebanyak 54,36% telur diproduksi pada pagi hari, sedangkan 45,64% pada siang sampai sore hari. Sebagian besar kerabang telur (75,48%) berwarna coklat pucat, sisanya (25,52%) berwarna coklat. Rata-rata bobot telur 28,64 g pada awal masa bertelur, 35,69 g pada puncak produksi, dan 43,33g pada umur 52 minggu, kualitas bagian dalam telur/nilai USDA A/4. Disimpulkan bahwa ayam Kedu Hitam memiliki penampilan yang khas, petelur yang cukup produktif, dan dapat digunakan sebagai sumber daya genetik dalam pembentukan ayam petelur komersial.
Pengelolaan Plasma Nutfah Tanaman Terintegrasi dengan Program Pemuliaan nFN Sumarno; Nani Zuraida
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 14, No 2 (2008): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v14n2.2008.p57-67

Abstract

Plant breeding, as an applied of plant genetics, is based and is supported by various subdisciplines of genetic sciences, includeing plant germplasm, classical genetics, molecular genetics, cytogenetics, gene-transformation techniques, etc. Linkage and team work system between plant germplasm management and plant breeding program is most required, since the success of plant breeding maybe obtained from the contribution of gene donor parents, derived from the germplasm management. Without the flow of genes from the germplasm collection, varieties produced by the plant breeder would suffer a narrow genetical based or a bottle-necking genetic based. Plant germplasm research is an integral part of the germplasm management, aimed to (1) evaluate the genetic variation of the germplasm collection, to be readily available for the breeding program and to be used for scientific publications, (2) tracing the origin of plant species, and (3) officially release a selected germplasm, containing new economic gene (s). The linkage between germplasm management and plant breeding research program could be facilitated through the following activities (1) identifying an elit germplasm for varietal release, (2) selection and stabilization of a promising germplasm accession for possible varietal releases, (3) use of germplasm accession as a gene donor parent to incorporate adaptive genes into improved variety, (4) use of germplasm accession for a specific donor gene, (5) use of germplasm to broaden the genetical base of varieties through an introgression and nobilization, (6) use of germplasm to improve the genetic value of the breeding population, and (7) to develop multiple crossess involving many parents to broaden the genetical base of the breeding population. Another important function of the germplasm management is to conserve accessions carrying genes which may be useful in the future, to anticipate the dynamic changing of biological and environmental stresses on crop. Germplasm management is considered successfully conducted when it is continously supplying donor gene parents to breeders for parental crosses on their breeding program, conversely, breeding program in considered successfully managed, when it uses the rich genetic variability available on the germplasm collection. Separating the organizational units among the breeding program, germplasm management and molecular genetic research, is only for enhancing the intensity of the research, but should not separate the linkage program of the research. AbstrakPemuliaan tanaman merupakan ilmu genetika terapan yang didukung oleh berbagai cabang ilmu kegenetikaan, termasuk plasma nutfah, genetika klasik, genetika molekuler, sitogenetika, dan genetika transformasi. Keterpaduan antara pengelolaan plasma nutfah dengan pemuliaan tanaman tidak dapat ditawar, karena keberhasilan pemuliaan sangat tergantung dari ketersediaan sumber gen yang disediakan oleh pengelola plasma nutfah. Tanpa kontribusi sumber gen dari pengelola plasma nutfah, hasil pemuliaan tanaman mengalami penyempitan kandungan genetik, atau terjadi gejala leher botol genetik. Penelitian plasma nutfah merupakan bagian integral dari pengelolaan materi plasma nutfah, bertujuan untuk (1) menggali kekayaan sifat genetik plasma nutfah guna penyediaan tetua persilangan dan bahan publikasi ilmiah, (2) menelusuri asal-usul spesies tanaman, (3) melepas secara resmi plasma nutfah sebagai sumber gen yang diakui kepemilikannya. Keterkaitan pengelolaan plasma nutfah dengan program pemuliaan dapat dilaksanakan melalui (1) pemanfaatan langsung aksesi plasma nutfah elit untuk dilepas sebagai varietas unggul, (2) pemurnian dan pemantapan populasi aksesi plasma nutfah sebagai calon varietas, (3) pemanfaatan aksesi plasma nutfah sebagai donor gen untuk rekombinasi gen-gen unggul adaptif, (4) plasma nutfah sebagai donor gen spesifik, (5) plasma nutfah sebagai bahan perluasan latar belakang genetik varietas melalui proses introgresi dan nobilisasi, (6) pemanfaatan plasma nutfah untuk perbaikan genetik populasi seleksi, dan (7) pembentukan populasi dasar yang mengandung keragaman genetik luas melalui persilangan banyak tetua. Fungsi pengelolaan plasma nutfah lainnya adalah melestarikan sumber daya genetik untuk kebutuhan gen di masa depan, agar dapat menyediakan gen-gen untuk mengantisipasi perubahan ras patogen dan tipe baru serangga hama yang bersifat dinamis, serta penyediaan gen guna mengatasi cekaman abiotik alamiah. Pengelolaan plasma nutfah dinilai berhasil apabila telah mampu menyediakan aksesi plasma nutfah sebagai sumber gen donor dalam program pemuliaan. Pemuliaan tanaman berhasil secara optimal apabila telah memanfaatkan keragaman genetik sifat yang diinginkan, yang tersedia dalam koleksi plasma nutfah. Keterpisahan kelembagaan antara unit kerja pengelolaan plasma nutfah dengan program pemuliaan tidak boleh membatasi keterpaduan program penelitian antara kedua cabang disiplin keilmuan tersebut.
Pemanfaatan Plasma Nutfah Mikroba Bordetella bronchiseptica sebagai Perangkat Deteksi Antibodi Siti Chotiah
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 14, No 2 (2008): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v14n2.2008.p90-96

Abstract

Microbe germplasm of Bordetella bronchiseptica has been found in pigs in Indonesia and recognized as the causal agent of atrophic rhinitis and pneumonia, and also one of the agents involved in porcine respiratory disease complex. Those microbes have been characterized and conserved ex situ at Balitvet Culture Collection. The aim of this research was to find out seroepidemiological of B. bronchiseptica infections at four pig herds in two regencies in Central Java, by utilizing the germ plasma as antibody detection kit. The ELISA technique used lypopolysaccharide and sera hypperimmune of B. bronchiseptica local isolate as an antigen and positive sera respectively. Referring to cut off level of 0.404, the survey results showed that of 25.4% of 63 pig serum samples examine by ELISA were positively infected by B. bronchiseptica; 14.29% and 11, 11% from Karanganyar regencies and Sragen regencies respectively. Base on pig ages it showed that 10.35%, 24%, and 77.8% to be seropositive from less than three-month age group, three-month until five-month age group, and more than five-month age group respectively. Base on pig farm it was showed that 28.60; 30; 13.64; and 40% were seropositive collected from Farm 1, Farm 2, Farm 3 and Farm 4 respectively. The results indicated that B. bronchiseptica infection was spread on four pig herds in two regencies in Central Java with the higest seropositive (77,8%) in more than five-month age group. AbstrakPlasma nutfah Bordetella bronchiseptica telah ditemukan pada babi di Indonesia, selain merupakan agen penyebab atrophic rhinitis dan pneumoni juga salah satu agen porcine respiratory disease complex. Mikroba tersebut telah dikarakterisasi dan dikonservasi ex situ di Balitvet Culture Collection (BCC). Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui seroepidemiologi infeksi B. bronchiseptica pada empat peternakan babi di dua kabupaten di Jawa Tengah, dengan memanfaatkan plasma nutfah tersebut sebagai bahan baku perangkat deteksi antibodi. Teknik Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) menggunakan lypopolysaccharide dan serum imun dari isolat lokal B. bronchiseptica BS(BCC 2455) masing-masing sebagai antigen dan serum kontrol positif. Mengacu pada nilai cut off 0,404, hasil survei menunjukkan bahwa 25,4% dari 63 sampel serum yang diperiksa positif terinfeksi oleh B. bronchiseptica, 14,3% di antaranya berasal dari Kabupaten Karanganyar dan 11,1% dari Kabupaten Sragen. Berdasarkan pengelompokan umur diketahui bahwa seropositif sebanyak 10,35; 24; dan 77,8% masing-masing berasal dari kelompok umur di bawah 3 bulan, kelompok umur 3 sampai 5 bulan, dan kelompok umur di atas 5 bulan. Berdasarkan peternak sebaran seropositif sebanyak 28,60; 30; 13,64; dan 40% masing-masing pada peternakan 1, 2, 3, dan 4. Hal ini menunjukkan infeksi B. bronchiseptica telah tersebar di empat peternakan babi di dua kabupaten di Jawa Tengah dengan seropositif tertinggi (77,8%) pada kelompok babi umur di atas 5 bulan.
Keragaman Produksi Plasma Nutfah Pala (Myristica fragrans) di KP Cicurug Sri Wahyuni; Hadad E. A.; nFN Suparman; nFN Mardiana
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 14, No 2 (2008): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v14n2.2008.p68-75

Abstract

Nutmeg known as a major spice in the world. The plant originated from Moluccas island of Indonesia. It is an evergreen tree with 4-10 m height and sometimes up to 20 m. The plant is a dioecious, start bearing fruit at 5 to 8 years after planting, and before reaching generative period it can not be distinguish whether the plant is a male or female plant. Nutmeg has an ovale to rounded fruit shape with 1-10 cm long with thin to thick fleshly fruit and creamy white colour. Nutmeg seed surrounded by arils which is famous known as mace, usually with red colour and the major constituent is myristicin. Collecting of nutmeg at Moluccas, North Sulawesi and Papua obtained 430 seeds from several different locality and the plant were planted with 8 m x 8 m space row at Cicurug garden Sukabumi-West Java, 500 m above sea level, in 1992 and 1993. So far the remaining plant were only 368 trees. Observation of nutmeg yield was carried out in 5 years (2000, 2001, 2002, 2004, and 2005) to those collection to evaluate their yield variation and continuity. T-test were used to estimate the plant with better yield. Result showed that there were high variation in nutmeg fruit yield among and between locality represented value of variation almost 100%. Less than 50 plant have a relative yield continuity, moreover they were only 7 trees which has cumulative yield more than 4000 fruits/tree i.e. Bagea Yan Maliaro 213, Banda 11, Botol 137, Kupal 139, Patani 25, Patani 32, and Patani 33. The cumulative yield per tree ranged from 0-7808 fruits with the average 1195 nut/tree. Harvesting nutmeg fruit at Cicurug garden was done almost all year around, with the peak harvest in Mei to June. AbstrakPala (Myristica fragrans) telah sejak lama dikenal sebagai rempah utama dunia. Merupakan tanaman asli Indonesia, khususnya Maluku, pala tumbuh hingga tinggi tanaman 4-10 m dan kadang mencapai 20 m. Tanaman pala mulai berbuah umur 5-8 tahun, bersifat dioecious (berumah dua), sebelum fase berbuah, antara pohon jantan dan betina sulit dibedakan. Buah berbentuk bulat sampai agak lonjong dengan panjang antara 1-10 cm, berdaging tipis sampai agak tebal dengan warna daging buah krem putih. Biji dengan kulit biji keras dan diselubungi oleh salut biji (arilus) dan lebih dikenal dengan nama fuli, bersifat aromatik dengan kandungan senyawa utama myristicin. Eksplorasi pada berbagai daerah dan sentra produksi pala di kepulauan Maluku, Irian Jaya, dan Sulawesi Utara telah berhasil dikumpulkan 430 nomor pohon yang terdiri dari berbagai tipe yang didasarkan pada daerah asal koleksi. Tanaman ditanam tahun 1992 dan 1993 di KP Cicurug pada ketinggian tempat 500 m dpl, dengan jarak tanam 8 m x 8 m dan yang masih hidup 368 nomor pohon. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengamatan terhadap produksi tanaman pala hasil koleksi tersebut untuk mengetahui variasi, distribusi, dan kontinuitas produksi. Pengamatan terhadap produksi dilakukan selama lima tahun produksi, yaitu tahun 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004, dan 2005, kemudian dihitung keragaman dan kontinuitas produksinya dan dilakukan uji-t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh nomor berbeda dari tahun ke tahun. Tingkat produksi bervariasi, baik antartipe maupun dalam tipe yang sama dengan nilai keragaman 100%. Kisaran produksi buah per pohon secara kumulatif selama 5 tahun produksi adalah 0-7808 butir per pohon dengan rata-rata 1195 butir/pohon. Dari semua koleksi tanaman hanya 37 nomor yang mempunyai produksi relatif kontinu dan 7 di antaranya memiliki produksi kumulatif di atas 4000 butir per pohon, yaitu Bagea Yan Maliaro 213, Banda 11, Botol 137, Kupal 139, Patani 25, Patani 32, dan Patani 33. Panen buah pala berlangsung hampir sepanjang tahun, namun panen buah terbanyak terjadi pada bulan Mei-Juni.
Kriopreservasi Tanaman Obat Langka Purwoceng dengan Teknik Enkapsulasi-Vitrifikasi Ika Roostika; Suci Rahayu; Novianti Sunarlim
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 14, No 2 (2008): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v14n2.2008.p49-56

Abstract

Pruatjan (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.) is an Indonesian endangered medicinal plant, so that it is highly protected. Cryopreservation can be applied to this plant for long-term preservation. The aim of this research was to obtain a method of encapsulation-vitrification by optimizing each step in cryopreservation protocol i.e. preculture, loading, dehydration with and without freezing in liquid nitrogen. The best treatment of each step would be applied in the following step. On preculture experiment, in vitro shoots were planted on the Driver and Kuniyaki (DKW) basal media containing 0.3 M sucrose and incubated for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 days. After those incubation period, shoot tips were encapsulated with 2.5% Na-alginate and soaking for 15 minutes in 100 ppm CaCl2 solution before planting. On loading experiment, precultured explants were loaded in DKW basal solution containing 2 M glycerol and 0.4 M sucrose for 0, 30, 60, and 90 minutes. On dehydration experiment, preculturead and loaded explants were dehydrated with PVS2 solution PVS2 (DKW + 30% glycerol + 15% DMSO + 15% ethyleneglicol + 0.4 M sucrose) for 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. The parts of them were freezed in liquid nitrogen (-196oC). The result showed that cryopreservation through encapsulation-vitrification technique could be applied on pruatjan. The best preculture treatment was 5 days incubation period. The best loading treatment was 30 minutes. The best dehydration treatment was 90 minutes. The successful level of this research was still low (10%) so that it needs optimization method. AbstrakPurwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.) adalah tanaman obat langka asli Indonesia yang hampir punah sehingga harus dilindungi. Kriopreservasi dapat diterapkan pada tanaman ini untuk penyimpanan jangka panjang. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk memperoleh teknik enkapsulasi-vitrifikasi dengan melakukan optimasi dari tiap-tiap tahapan kriopreservasi yang meliputi perlakuan prakultur, loading, dehidrasi sebelum dan setelah pembekuan dalam nitrogen cair. Perlakuan yang terbaik kemudian diterapkan pada tahapan percobaan berikutnya. Pada perlakuan prakultur, tunas in vitro ditanam pada media Driver dan Kuniyaki (DKW) dengan penambahan sukrosa 0,3 M dengan masa inkubasi 1, 2, 3, 4, dan 5 hari. Setelah itu, pucuk yang berukuran 0,5 cm dienkapsulasi dengan Na-alginat 2,5% (yang mengandung media regenerasi) dalam larutan CaCl2 100 ppm selama 15 menit sebelum penanaman kembali. Pada percobaan loading, terlebih dahulu eksplan diprakultur kemudian direndam dalam larutan DKW + gliserol 2 M + sukrosa 0,4 M dengan durasi rendam selama 0, 30, 60, dan 90 menit. Pada percobaan dehidrasi, eksplan diprakultur dan loading terlebih dahulu, kemudian direndam dalam larutan krioprotektan PVS2 (DKW + gliserol 30% + DMSO 15% + etilen glikol 15% + sukrosa 0,4 M ) selama 0, 30, 60, 90, dan 120 menit. Eksplan tersebut sebagian dibekukan dalam nitrogen cair (-196oC) dan sebagian lainnya tidak dibekukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kriopreservasi secara enkapsulasi-vitrifikasi berpeluang diterapkan pada tanaman purwoceng. Perlakuan prakultur terbaik adalah 5 hari. Perlakuan loading terbaik adalah 30 menit dan perlakuan dehidrasi terbaik 90 menit. Tingkat keberhasilan ini masih rendah (10%) sehingga diperlukan optimasi metode.
Eksplorasi dan Karakterisasi Buah Spesies Kerabat Mangga Kalimantan Tengah Amik Krismawati
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 14, No 2 (2008): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v14n2.2008.p76-80

Abstract

Exploration of relative of mango species, Mangifera indica L., Mangifera foetida L., Mangifera sp., Mangifera casturi D., and Bouea macropylla Griff was conducted in 4 districts of Central Kalimantan in April 2003 to January 2004. Differences among accesions were characterized by fruit type, shape, skin texture, fruit length, skin colour, flesh texture, flesh colour and taste. Fruiting season and yield among relative manggo of species are different. The results of characterization may be used as materials in mango breeding. AbstrakEksplorasi spesies kerabat mangga, yaitu Hambawang (Mangifera foetida L.), Putaran (Mangifera sp.), Kasturi (Mangifera casturi D.), dan Gandaria (Bouea macropylla Griff) dilakukan di empat kabupaten di Kalimantan Tengah pada bulan April 2003 sampai Januari 2004. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa karakter buah antarspesies kerabat mangga sangat bervariasi. Perbedaan di antara spesies tersebut terletak pada tipe buah, bentuk buah, tekstur kulit buah, panjang buah, warna kulit buah, daging buah, warna dan rasa daging buah. Musim berbuah dan produksi buah masing-masing spesies kerabat mangga juga bervariasi. Hasil karakterisasi dapat digunakan untuk bahan pemuliaan buah mangga.

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