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Buletin Plasma Nutfah
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 14104377     EISSN : 25491393     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Buletin Plasma Nutfah (BPN) is an open access scientific journal published by The Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD), The Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), Ministry of Agriculture. This peer-refereed journal covering the area of genetic resources including exploration, characterization, evaluation, conservation, diversity, traditional knowledge, management and policy / regulation, of all kinds of genetic resources: plants, animals, fishes, insects and microbes. Manuscripts submitted to this journal are those that have never been published in other journals. This journal is published in one volume of two issues per year (June and December). We invite authors to submit the manuscripts to this journal in English or Indonesian. Detail information about the journal, including author guidelines and manuscript template, is available on the website (http://ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/bpn). The manuscript should be submitted electronically through our submission system. Buletin Plasma Nutfah (BPN) is an open access scientific journal published by Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD), Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), Ministry of Agriculture. BPN Accredited by Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia (No. 21/E/KPTP/2018) for period of 2016-2020. This peer-refereed journal covers the area of genetic resources including exploration, characterization, evaluation, conservation, diversity, traditional knowledge, management and policy / regulation related to genetic resources: plants, animals, fishes, insects and microbes which has never been published in other Journal
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Keragaman Karakter Morfologis Garut (Marantha arundinaceae L.) Tintin Suhartini; nFN Hadiatmi
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 17, No 1 (2011): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v17n1.2011.p12-18

Abstract

Morphological Characteristics Variability of Arrowroot (Marantha arundinaceae L.). The arrowroot has been recognized by most society member of Indonesia as a source of potential foodstuf. The arrowroot has low glicemic index, and high carbohydrate content, high quality of flour and can replace position of wheat flour as food material and industry. Evaluation and characterization are needed to get informations of superior characteristic of arrowroot as source of genetic variability to develop promising new arrowroot varieties. The result showed that the morphological characteristic of 20 arrowroot accecions were not different on the qualitative characteristics. The characteristics of leaf colour, stem and stalk leaf colour, and white colour of tuber were not different among arrowroot accecions. The quantitative characteristics of tuber or rhizomes type (tuber length and tuber circle), plant height, number of tiller/hill, total leaf/main stem, leaf length and leaf width among accecions had low variability. The tuber weight per hill had positive correlation with plant height, number of leaf, tuber length and tuber circle and negative correlation with leaf length, leaf width and stalk length leaf. AbstrakGarut (Marantha arundinaceae L.) merupakan sumber pangan yang potensial bagi sebagian masyarakat di Indonesia. Garut memiliki indeks glikemik rendah dan kandungan karbohidrat tinggi. Tepung garut dapat menggantikan terigu sebagai bahan makanan dan industri. Evaluasi dan karakterisasi garut perlu dilakukan untuk memperoleh informasi sifat-sifat unggul untuk dapat digunakan dalam perakitan varietas unggul. Hasil evaluasi 20 aksesi garut yang dikarakterisasi menunjukan tidak ada perbedaan morfologis sifat kualitatif. Warna daun, pelepah dan tangkai daun, bentuk daun, bentuk dan warna umbi memiliki kesamaan antaraksesi. Karakter kuantitatif pada bentuk umbi (panjang dan lingkar umbi), tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan/rumpun, jumlah daun pada batang utama, panjang dan lebar daun antar aksesi plasma nutfah garut memiliki keragaman yang sempit. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa bobot umbi per rumpun berkorelasi positif dengan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, panjang, lingkar umbi, dan berkorelasi negatif dengan panjang daun, lebar daun, dan panjang tangkai daun.
Pendugaan Parameter Genetik, Korelasi, dan Klasterisasi 20 Genotipe Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) Edi Wardiana; Dibyo Pranowo
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 17, No 1 (2011): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v17n1.2011.p46-53

Abstract

Estimation of Genetic Parameters, Correlation, and Clusterization of Twenty Genotypes of Physic Nut (Jatropha curcas L.). This experiment was conducted at Pakuwon Experimental Station with altitude about 450 m above sea level, Latosol type of soil, and B type of climate, beginning from May 2008 until December 2009. It was aimed to analyze the genetic parameter, correlation, and clusterization of twenty genotypes of physic nut. Randomized complete block design with twenty genotypes of physic nut as treatment and three replications was used in this study. Variable observed were vegetative, generative, and yield characters, and the data observed were analyzed by anova, correlation, factor analyses, and cluster analyses. Results showed that : (1) the genetic variability of number of inflorescence/tree, number of bunchs/branch, number of bunch/tree, number of fruit harvested/tree, and weight of one fruit were narrow. Heritability and genetic advanced of these characters were rather high until high. Selection of these characters can be effective; (2) genotypic and phenotypic correlation of number of inflorescense/tree, number of bunch/branch, and number of bunch/tree were positive significant on number of fruit harvested. Phenotypically, plant height were positive correlated and number of primary branch/tree was negative correlated on number of fruits harvested; and (3) clusterizaton results six clusters. Rescaled distance between cluster I, II, and IV were rather near, whereas between cluster III, V, and VI were rather far as well as if compared to cluser I, II, and IV. AbstrakPenelitian dilakukan di KP Pakuwon, Jawa Barat, pada ketinggian tempat sekitar 450 m dpl, jenis tanah Latosol dan tipe iklim B, pada bulan Mei 2008 sampai Desember 2009. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis parameter genetik, korelasi, dan klasterisasi 20 genotipe jarak pagar. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak kelompok lengkap dengan 20 genotipe sebagai perlakuan yang diulang tiga kali. Peubah yang diukur meliputi karakter vegetatif, generatif, dan hasil. Analisis data dilakukan melalui analisis ragam, analisis korelasi, analisis faktor, dan analisis klaster. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Jumlah infloresen/pohon, jumlah tandan buah/cabang, jumlah tandan buah/pohon, jumlah buah panen/ pohon, dan bobot satu butir buah memiliki variabilitas genetik yang luas dengan nilai heritabilitas dan kemajuan genetik yang cukup tinggi sampai tinggi. Seleksi terhadap karakter-karakter tersebut akan efektif. (2) Karakter jumlah infloresen/ pohon, jumlah tandan buah/cabang, dan jumlah tandan buah/ pohon berkorelasi positif dengan jumlah buah panen, baik secara genotipik maupun fenotipik. Secara fenotipik, tinggi tanaman berkorelasi positif dan jumlah cabang primer/pohon berkorelasi negatif dengan jumlah buah panen. (3) Klasterisasi menghasilkan enam klaster. Antara klaster I, II, dan IV mempunyai jarak yang agak dekat, sedangkan antara klaster III, V, dan VI agak jauh, demikian juga antara klaster I, II, dan IV.
Penampilan Fenotipik Karakter Hasil Galur Harapan Padi Rawa di Lahan Pasang Surut Karang Agung, Sumatera Selatan Rini Hermanasari; nFN Supartopo; B. Kustianto
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 17, No 1 (2011): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v17n1.2011.p19-24

Abstract

Phenotypic Performance of Yield and Yield Component of Rice Promising Lines at Tidal Swamp Area in Karang Agung, South Sumatra. An experiment was conducted in Karang Agung, in April until September 2007. The experiment aimed at evaluating phenotypic performance of yield and yield components of promising lines in tidal swamp rice field. The experiment was arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design with 16 treatments and four replications. The promising lines tested were B9858-KA-55, B9833C-KA-14, B9852E-KA-66, B5524G-SM-61-2-1, B7003D-MR-24-3-1, KAL9414F-MR-2-KN-0, KAL9418F-MR-2-KN-0, B10214FTB- 7-2-3, IR70213-9-CPA-12-UBN-2-1-3-1, IR70215-2- CPA-2-1-B-1-2. The check varieties used were IR42, Batanghari and Lembu Sawah. The results of this experiment showed that IR61242-3B-B-2 had better performance among varieties and promising lines tested, as well as giving the highest yield potential. Meanwhile, the line B10214F-TB-7-2- 3 had better performance of number of filled grain, and 1.000 grain weight. It also showed higher yield potential compared to IR42 and Batanghari. The line KAL9418F-MR-2-KN-0 had better performance of plant height, 1.000 weight grain and harvest age, but showed lower yield potential compared to those other check varieties. AbstrakPercobaan dilaksanakan di KP Karang Agung, Sumatera Selatan pada bulan April sampai September 2007. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang penampilan fenotipik karakter hasil dan komponen hasil dari galur-galur harapan padi rawa di lahan pasang surut Karang Agung. Percobaan ditata dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan 16 perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Galur-galur yang diuji di antaranya B9858-KA-55, B9833C-KA-14, B9852E-KA-66, B5524GSM- 61-2-1, B7003D-MR-24-3-1, KAL9414F-MR-2-KN-0, KAL9418F-MR-2-KN-0, B10214F-TB-7-2-3, IR70213-9- CPA-12-UBN-2-1-3-1, dan IR70215-2-CPA-2-1-B-1-2. Varietas pembanding digunakan IR42, Batanghari, dan Lembu Sawah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa galur IR61242- 3B-B-2 memiliki penampilan lebih baik dari varietas pembanding untuk karakter tinggi tanaman, jumlah gabah isi, bobot 1.000 butir gabah, dan potensi hasil. Galur B10214F-TB-7-2-3 memberikan penampilan lebih baik untuk karakter jumlah gabah isi, bobot 1.000 butir, dan potensi hasil lebih tinggi daripada pembanding IR42 dan Batanghari. Galur KAL9418F-MR- 2-KN-0 memiliki penampilan lebih baik untuk karakter bobot 1.000 butir, tinggi tanaman, dan umur panen, tetapi potensi hasilnya lebih rendah dari ketiga varietas pembanding.
Potensi Nipah (Nypa fruticans (Thunb.) Wurmb.) sebagai Sumber Pangan dari Hutan Mangrove Endro Subiandono; N. M. Heriyanto; Endang Karlina
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 17, No 1 (2011): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v17n1.2011.p54-60

Abstract

Potency of Nypa as a Food Resource from Mangrove Forest. Research on potency of nypa (Nypa fruticans (Thunb.) Wurmb.) as a food resource was conducted at Sangkimah Lama Village Sangatta, East Kutai District, East Kalimantan Province from September to November 2009. The data collected from five plots with measurement of 10 m x 10 m laid in purposive random sampling procedure. The result showed that the number of tree per hectare was 1,984 included 1,067 trees bearing fruits. Every tree has 3.55 lump of fruit in average with 2.83 lump was ripe fruits and 0.76 lump was unripe. The average number of fruit was 196,120 per hectare. In a hectare of land could yield 1.89 ton unripe fruit and 3.27 tons of nypa powder. The powder was composed of high fiber with low fat and calory. So this food has potency for dietary program. AbstrakPenelitian potensi nipah atau Nypa fruticans (Thunb.) Wurmb. sebagai sumber pangan dari hutan mangrove dilakukan di Desa Sangkimah Lama, Kecamatan Sengatta Selatan, Kabupaten Kutai Timur, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur dari bulan September sampai Nopember 2009. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode pengukuran plot berbentuk bujur sangkar ukuran 10 m x 10 m, dengan lima plot pengamatan. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan teknik penarikan contoh bertingkat dengan peletakan/ pemilihan satuan contoh tingkat pertama secara terarah dan satuan contoh tingkat kedua secara sistematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah pohon dapat mencapai 1.984 pohon/ha, 1.067 pohon/ha di antaranya berbuah. Setiap pohon nipah berbuah rata-rata 3,55 bonggol/pohon, 2,83 bonggol buah tua/pohon dan 0,76 bonggol buah muda/pohon; setiap bonggol rata-rata berisi 65 buah nipah. Jumlah buah nipah dalam 1 ha rata-rata 196.120 buah. Dalam 1 ha tegakan nipah dapat menghasilkan 1,89 ton buah muda semacam kolang kaling dan 3,27 ton tepung nipah. Tepung nipah mengandung serat cukup tinggi dengan kandungan lemak dan kalori rendah yang berpotensi untuk dijadikan makanan bagi orang diet.
Genetic Diversity of Local Accessions of Dimocarpus longan Revealed By ISSR Markers Baiq Dina Mariana; A. Sugiyatno; A. Supriyanto
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 17, No 1 (2011): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v17n1.2011.p25-29

Abstract

Keragaman Genetik Aksesi Lenggkeng Lokal Dimocarpus longan Berdasarkan Penanda ISSR. Lengkeng telah berkembang di Indonesia, namun studi tentang tanaman ini belum banyak dilakukan. Studi untuk mengetahui keragaman genetik lengkeng lokal telah dilakukan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Jeruk dan Buah Subtropika (Balitjestro) pada bulan Maret- April 2008. Penanda ISSR digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi keragaman genetik antar delapan genotipe lengkeng lokal yang telah dikoleksi oleh Balitjestro. Dendogram yang dibuat berdasarkan UPGMA menggunakan metode SAHN menunjukkan nilai kemiripan sebesar 0,34-0,86. Nilai kemiripan tertinggi diperoleh dari KL I dan KL II (0,86) dan nilai kemiripan terendah diperoleh dari KL I dan KL V/KL VI (0,34). Penanda ISSR dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi lengkeng dan dapat memberikan informasi yang berguna untuk program pemuliaan lengkeng di kemudian hari. AbstrakThere is no clear history of longan development in Indonesia even though it has developed well in Indonesia for many years. The study aimed at revealing genetic of diversity of local longan was done in Indonesian Citrus and Subtropical Research Institute (ICSFRI) from March to April 2008. ISSR markers were employed to identify the genetic variation among eight morphologically more or less alike accessions of longan ssp. Matrix data was counted and dendogram of samples was constructed using UPGMA and SAHN method. The cluster showed similarity value 0.34-0.86. The highest similarity value was observed between KL I and KL II (0.86) while the lowest one was obtained between KL I and KL V/KL VI (0.34). ISSR markers were able to identify the genetic diversity of longan and were helpful to provide information on genetic diversities especially for future breeding programs.
Karakteristik Fenotipe Itik Alabio (Anas platyrhynchos Borneo) di Kalimantan Selatan nFN Suryana; R. R. Noor; P. S. Hardjosworo; L. H. Prasetyo
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 17, No 1 (2011): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v17n1.2011.p61-67

Abstract

The Phenotypic Characteristics of Alabio Duck (Anas platyrhynchos Borneo) in South Kalimantan. A study on phenotypic characters was carried out to identify Alabio duck (Anas platyrhynchos Borneo) being kept by smallholder. This research was conducted at Hulu Sungai Selatan (HSS), Hulu Sungai Tengah (HST) and Hulu Sungai Utara (HSU), South Kalimantan from May until November 2009. Six hundred (75 males and 525 females) the duck used in this study was Alabio duck ranged from 5-5.5 months old. The observed parameters were plumage color, color feature, plumage shine, the color of bill, feet and shank. The results showed that the ducks from three locations (HSS, HST and HSU) have same color patterns. The dominant color of the male duck is grayish white, grayish, brownish grey, blue-green and black. Whereas the female ducks of brown spotted and blackish grey. Twinkle Alabio duck plumage on males and females have the highest percentage is the glint of silver and shiny blue-green. The color of bill, feet and shank of male and female ducks were pale yellow until bright orange. AbstrakPenelitian mengenai karakteristik fenotipe untuk mengindentifikasi itik alabio (Anas platyrhynchos Borneo) di peternakan rakyat telah dilakukan di Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Selatan (HSS), Hulu Sungai Tengah (HST), dan Hulu Sungai Utara (HSU), Kalimantan Selatan mulai Mei sampai November 2009. Materi yang digunakan adalah itik alabio dara dengan kisaran umur 5-5,5 bulan sebanyak 600, ekor terdiri atas 75 ekor jantan dan 525 betina. Parameter yang diamati meliputi warna bulu, pola dan kerlip bulu, warna paruh, kaki, dan shank. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa itik alabio dari Kabupaten HSS, HST, dan HSU memiliki karakter bulu yang sama. Warna bulu dominan pada itik alabio jantan maupun betina adalah putih keabuan, abu kehitaman, coklat keabuan, hijau kebiruan, dan hitam. Itik alabio betina memiliki corak bulu coklat totol-totol sedangkan itik jantan hitam dan polos. Kerlip bulu pada itik alabio jantan maupun betina adalah kerlip perak dan hijau kebiruan mengkilap. Warna paruh, kaki, dan shank itik alabio jantan maupun betina adalah kuning gading pucat sampai kuning gading tua.
Karakter Anatomi Daun Kultur Purwoceng Pascakonservasi In Vitro Rita Ningsih; Ireng Darwati; Rita Megia; Ika Roostika
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 17, No 1 (2011): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v17n1.2011.p30-39

Abstract

Leaf Anatomy Characteristic of Pruatjan Cultures Post In Vitro. Evaluation of anatomical characteristics regenerant planlet of purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.) cultivated on conservation medium was observed to determine the difference of characteristics performance of the planlet grown on conservation medium and those that was maintained on the normal medium. Stomata was microscopically observed on abaxial leaf paradermal section that preparated by whole mount method and leaf structure on cross section by paraffin method. The result showed that stomata density was greater on the planlets regenerated in the conservation medium but stomata length was lower than those on the normal medium. Upper epidermis, mesofil and lower epidermis length of the regenerant on the conservation medium were lower than those on the normal medium. Sorbitol and paclobutrazol applied reduced the performance of regenerated spesies than those of planlet maintained on the normal medium. Combination of both application resulted in anatomical character differences on the plants regenerated on normal medium. AbstrakPengujian terhadap karakter anatomi daun regeneran purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.) pasca penyimpanan dalam medium konservasi telah dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakter anatomi daun regeneran pascakonservasi dalam medium dengan penambahan kombinasi sorbitol dan paklobutrazol selama 4 dan 8 bulan. Selanjutnya daun regeneran tersebut dibandingkan dengan daun regeneran dalam medium normal (kontrol). Pengamatan stomata dan struktur daun dilakukan secara mikroskopis masing-masing terhadap sayatan paradermal daun yang dibuat melalui metode whole mount dan sayatan melintang yang dibuat melalui metode paraffin. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan anatomi daun regeneran yang dikultur pada medium konservasi dan daun regeneran pada medium normal (kontrol). Densitas stomata daun regeneran yang tumbuh pada media konservasi rata-rata lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan daun regeneran pada media kontrol, tetapi stomata lebih pendek dibandingkan dengan daun regeneran pada media kontrol. Panjang epidermis atas, mesofil, dan epidermis lebih pendek dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Penurunan daya regenerasi berkorelasi dengan perbedaan karakter anatomi. Pengaruh sorbitol dan paklobutrazol selama periode konservasi masih bertahan (persisten) pada tanaman regeneran. Kombinasi perlakuan keduanya menghasilkan perbedaan karakter anatomi pada daun regeneran purwoceng.
Peningkatan Bobot Badan Dewasa Rusa Sambar melalui Seleksi di Penangkaran B. Brahmantyo; nFN Wirdateti; T. Nugraha; A. Trasidiharta
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 17, No 1 (2011): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v17n1.2011.p68-72

Abstract

Selection on Adult Weight of Sambar Deer (Rusa unicolor). Deer are animals that has potential as producers of meat, through the exploitation of captive deer. Morphometric information and selection to improve the performance of Sambar deer has been done in Technical Implementation Unit of Animal Breeding and Artificial Insemination Institute, Village Api-api, District of Penajam Paser Utara, East Kalimantan. A number of 174 heads from a total population of Sambar deer recorded body weight, body length, width and chest circumference, length and width of head, also length and width of the ear. Results of selection of female and male based on body weight, were 52 females (60%, the intensity of selection 1:40) and six males (10%, the intensity of selection 1.74). Differential selection on males and females were 18.42 kg and 7.73 kg, respectively. Prediction of selection response of Sambar deer was 7845 kg with heritability estimation value (h2) was 0.60. AbstrakRusa merupakan satwa yang bepotensi sebagai penghasil daging. Melalui penangkaran eksploitasi, perburuan dapat dikontrol. Informasi morfometrik dan upaya seleksi untuk meningkatkan performan rusa Sambar telah dilakukan di UPTD Balai Pembibitan dan Inseminasi Buatan, Desa Api-api, Kab. Penajam Paser Utara, Kalimantan Timur. Sejumlah 174 data dari total populasi rusa Sambar dicatat bobot badan, panjang badan, lebar dan lingkar dada, panjang dan lebar kepala serta panjang dan lebar telinga. Berdasarkan seleksi induk dan jantan menurut bobot badan diperoleh 52 ekor induk (60%, intensitas seleksi 1,40) dan 6 ekor jantan (10%, intensitas seleksi 1,74). Diferensial seleksi pada jantan adalah 18,42 kg dan pada betina 7,73 kg, sehingga diperoleh respon seleksi dugaan rusa Sambar sebesar 7.845 kg dengan dugaan nilai h2 0,60.
Perbanyakan Bibit Stek Umbi dan Uji Adaptabilitas Plasma Nutfah Garut (Marantha arundinaceae L.) nFN Sutoro; nFN Hadiatmi
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 17, No 1 (2011): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v17n1.2011.p1-11

Abstract

Multiplication of Propagated Tuber and Adaptability Test of Arrowroot Germplasm. Increasing arrowroot production needs technology production and variety suitable to the plant environment. Production constraints for arrowroot are seedling (stolon and tuber) limitation of cultivars adapted to the production area. Experiment had been carried out by using two factors (seedling source and variety) planted under randomized complete block design, three replications to study their germination capability. Three parts of seedlings source (tip, middle and basal part of tuber, 2 buds each) as first factor, and 10 varieties as second factor. Effect of seedling (stolon and tuber) of arrowroot and variety (10 accessions) were tested to study their adaptability had been done in 3 locations (Bogor, Cianjur and Serang). Seedling were planted at 50 cm x 40 cm, one row for each treatment. Tip-part and base-part of tuber showed better germination than middle-part of arrowroot tuber. There were effect of genotypic and environment interaction to tuber and starch yield. Accession No. 27 (Tasikmalaya), No. 28 (Gunung Kidul), No. 29 (Garut), No. 58 (Karawang), No. 387 (Banjarnegara), No. 403 (Banyumas), No. 478 (Brebes), dan No. 625 (Cilacap) could be categorized as stabil, while No. 626 (Cilacap) was more responsive while No. 627 (Malang) less responsive to environment changes. AbstrakPeningkatan produksi garut memerlukan teknik budi daya dan varietas yang sesuai dengan lingkungan tumbuh tanaman. Salah satu kendala dalam peningkatan produksi garut adalah sulitnya mendapatkan bibit dalam jumlah relatif banyak dan terbatasnya varietas yang cocok di daerah pengembangan. Percobaan telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok lengkap dengan perlakuan dua faktor, dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah stek umbi dengan dua mata tunas pada bagian ujung, tengah, dan pangkal. Faktor kedua adalah 10 aksesi garut. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui adaptabilitas 10 aksesi plasma nutfah garut, dilaksanakan di tiga lokasi, yaitu di Bogor, Pacet, dan Serang. Bibit ditanam dengan jarak 60 cm x 40 cm, satu baris tanaman tiap perlakuan. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa persentase stek umbi yang tumbuh pada bahan pangkal dan ujung lebih tinggi daripada stek umbi bagian tengah. Aksesi No. 27 (Tasikmalaya), No. 28 (Gunung Kidul), No. 29 (Garut), No. 58 (Karawang), No. 387 (Banjarnegara), No. 403 (Banyumas), No. 478 (Brebes), dan No. 625 (Cilacap) dapat dikategorikan stabil, sedangkan aksesi No. 626 (Cilacap) lebih responsif, dan aksesi No. 627 (Malang) kurang responsif terhadap perubahan lingkungan.
Uji Kekerabatan Aksesi Cengkeh di Kebun Percobaan Sukapura Cici Tresniawati; Enny Randriani
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 17, No 1 (2011): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v17n1.2011.p40-45

Abstract

Clove (Syzygium aromaticum L. Merril & Perry) is One of the Oldest Spices in the World. Clove is an evergreen tree with unopened flower bud. It is indigenous to Moluccas Island of Indonesia. Clove are mainly used as an ingredient of a variety of food specialties, beverages, medicines, and cigarettes industry. It is important to have germplasm collection in plant breeding program. Twenty eight accessions have been planted at Sukapura Experimental Garden, Probolinggo, East Java. The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic relationship among 28 clove accessions. The observations were made on fifteen morphological characters and six yield component characters. Eleven morphological characters and one yield component character had wide genetic variability. By applying cluster analysis, a dendogram was constructed to differentiate morphological differences among the accessions. The dendogram showed that the grouping of the accessions at different hierarchical levels, based upon the variation was observed. Results showed that the accession of clove could be classified into four groups. The first group only consisted of Zanzibar 5, the second group consisted of Zanzibar 13 and Siputih 5, the third group only consisted of Zanzibar 8, and 24 accessions belong to the fourth groups. AbstrakCengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum L. Merril & Perry) merupakan tanaman rempah tertua di dunia yang berasal dari kepulauan Maluku. Bunga kering cengkeh sering digunakan sebagai bahan untuk bumbu, obat-obatan, kosmetik, dan industri rokok. Koleksi plasma nutfah merupakan hal yang penting dalam suatu program pemuliaan tanaman. Dua puluh delapan aksesi cengkeh ditanam di Kebun Percobaan Sukapura, Probolinggo, Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan kekerabatan di antara 28 aksesi cengkeh. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap 15 karakter morfologi dan 6 karakter komponen hasil. Sebelas karakter morfologi dan satu karakter komponen hasil memiliki keragaman genetik yang luas. Dengan menggunakan analisis kluster ditentukan pengelompokan berdasarkan perbedaan sifat morfologi di antara 28 aksesi tanaman cengkeh. Gerombol I, yaitu Zanzibar 5, Gerombol II terdiri atas Zanzibar 13 dan Siputih 5, Gerombol III, yaitu Zanzibar 8, dan Gerombol IV terdiri atas 24 aksesi lainnya.

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