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Keragaman Karakter Morfologis Plasma Nutfah Spesies Padi Liar (Oryza spp.) Tintin Suhartini
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 16, No 1 (2010): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v16n1.2010.p17-28

Wild rice spesies is relativeof cultivated rice and has many differences of its characteristic.Morphological characteristic variation on crop can be used asworking assets in breeding program. Morphologicalcharacterisation was conducted in three planting seasons in2004 until 2005 at Indonesian Center for AgriculcuralBiotechnology Research and Development green houseconsisted of 88 accessions of 18 wild rice spesies whichbelonged to 4 groups of Oryza spp. (Oryza sativa, O.officinalis, O. meyeriana, and O. ridleyi). The characteristicobserved were include 12 quantitative characters and 5qualitative characters with 23 subcharacters. The wide ofquantitative morphological character variances were found inplant high, tiller number, days of flower, total number grain/panicle, awning length and stalk diameter, while the narrowcharacter variances were found in panicle length, 1.000 grainsweigth, grain shape, total internode and internode length. Thequalitative characters variance were found in grains, stalk,ligule and leaf morphology, while panicle morphology of wildrice species was dominated by open panicle type, erect panicle,secondary branching were absent and well exserted.

Keragaman Karakter Morfologis Garut (Marantha arundinaceae L.) Tintin Suhartini; nFN Hadiatmi
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 17, No 1 (2011): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v17n1.2011.p12-18

Morphological Characteristics Variability of Arrowroot (Marantha arundinaceae L.). The arrowroot has been recognized by most society member of Indonesia as a source of potential foodstuf. The arrowroot has low glicemic index, and high carbohydrate content, high quality of flour and can replace position of wheat flour as food material and industry. Evaluation and characterization are needed to get informations of superior characteristic of arrowroot as source of genetic variability to develop promising new arrowroot varieties. The result showed that the morphological characteristic of 20 arrowroot accecions were not different on the qualitative characteristics. The characteristics of leaf colour, stem and stalk leaf colour, and white colour of tuber were not different among arrowroot accecions. The quantitative characteristics of tuber or rhizomes type (tuber length and tuber circle), plant height, number of tiller/hill, total leaf/main stem, leaf length and leaf width among accecions had low variability. The tuber weight per hill had positive correlation with plant height, number of leaf, tuber length and tuber circle and negative correlation with leaf length, leaf width and stalk length leaf. AbstrakGarut (Marantha arundinaceae L.) merupakan sumber pangan yang potensial bagi sebagian masyarakat di Indonesia. Garut memiliki indeks glikemik rendah dan kandungan karbohidrat tinggi. Tepung garut dapat menggantikan terigu sebagai bahan makanan dan industri. Evaluasi dan karakterisasi garut perlu dilakukan untuk memperoleh informasi sifat-sifat unggul untuk dapat digunakan dalam perakitan varietas unggul. Hasil evaluasi 20 aksesi garut yang dikarakterisasi menunjukan tidak ada perbedaan morfologis sifat kualitatif. Warna daun, pelepah dan tangkai daun, bentuk daun, bentuk dan warna umbi memiliki kesamaan antaraksesi. Karakter kuantitatif pada bentuk umbi (panjang dan lingkar umbi), tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan/rumpun, jumlah daun pada batang utama, panjang dan lebar daun antar aksesi plasma nutfah garut memiliki keragaman yang sempit. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa bobot umbi per rumpun berkorelasi positif dengan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, panjang, lingkar umbi, dan berkorelasi negatif dengan panjang daun, lebar daun, dan panjang tangkai daun.

Keragaman Karakter Morfologi Tanaman Ganyong Tintin Suhartini; nFN Hadiatmi
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 16, No 2 (2010): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v16n2.2010.p118-125

Morphological Characteristics Variability of Canna (Canna edulis Ker.). Edible canna (Canna edulis) is the potential source of foodstuf. Edible canna have high carbohydrate and nutritions. The starch of edible canna can be exploited as a food materials and for industry. Evaluation and characterization were needed to get informations on characters of edible canna for genetic variability to improve edible canna varieties. Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology Research and Development has two groups edible canna collection, they are red edible canna and the white one. The result showed that morphological characters of 27 edible canna accessions were not different in their qualitative characteristics. Similarly in their 23 white edible canna have no difference qualitative characters. The red edible canna having red color on part of shoot, while in white edible canna having green color. The tuber of red edible canna having pink color and white color for white edible canna. The different were in the flower of white edible canna, there were 17 accessions having yellow color and 6 accessions having orange color. The quantitative characters of flowering, leaf length, leaf width, total leaf and leaf stalk length have low variability (<10%). The characters of number of tiller per hill, tuber weight per hill and plant hight have high coeficient variability with the range of 14-21%. The tuber weight per hill had negative correlation with stalk length leaf and number of tiller/hill. AbstrakGanyong (Canna edulis) merupakan sumber pangan potensial dengan kandungan karbohidrat dan gizi tinggi. Tepung ganyong bermutu tinggi dan dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan makanan dan industri. Evaluasi dan karakterisasi ganyong perlu dilakukan untuk memperoleh informasi sifat-sifat unggul ganyong dengan tujuan dapat dimanfaatkan untuk meningkatkan keragaman genetik varietas ganyong. Plasma nutfah ganyong yang dikoleksi Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian ada dua kelompok, yaitu ganyong merah dan ganyong putih. Hasil evaluasi dan karakterisasi terhadap 27 aksesi ganyong merah tidak terdapat perbedaan morfologis sifat kualitatif antar aksesi. Demikian juga pada 23 aksesi ganyong putih. Pada ganyong merah, bagian tajuk didominasi oleh warna merah, sedangkan ganyong putih didominasi warna hijau. Umbi ganyong merah berwarna merah muda dan ganyong putih berwarna putih. Perbedaan terdapat pada warna bunga, 17 aksesi ganyong putih berwarna kuning dan enam aksesi warna orange. Keragaman karakter morfologis sifat kuantitatif ganyong merah dan ganyong putih rendah (<10%), yaitu pada umur berbunga, panjang daun, lebar daun, panjang tangkai daun, dan jumlah daun. Nilai koefisien keragaman yang tinggi terdapat pada karakter jumlah anakan, bobot umbi, dan tinggi tanaman dengan kisaran 14-21%. Bobot umbi per rumpun berkorelasi negatif dengan panjang tangkai daun dan jumlah anakan per rumpun.

Evaluasi Toleransi Plasma Nutfah Padi Lokal pada Lahan Masam Kahat Fosfor Tintin Suhartini; Dwinita W. Utami; Ida Hanarida
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 19, No 1 (2013): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v19n1.2013.p%p

Phosporus (P) deficiency is one oflimiting factor for rice growth. In Indonesia P deficiency muchoccurs in acid soils. The use of P deficiency tolerant varietiesis the best solution compared to the application of P fertilizerdue to more efficient in cost. The purpose of this study was toevaluate the local rice germplasm collected from severalregions in Indonesia to P deficiency in acid soil. The study wasconducted in Jasinga West Java during wet season of 2006-2007 with the soil condition lack of P. The experiments wereconducted with the two treatments: first, without P fertilizerand second with P fertilizer equivalent of 25 kg P/ha. The total100 accessions of rice germplasm were screened in this fieldbased on a randomized block design with three replications.Fertilizing were given on experiments I and II with thecomposition: urea 300 kg/ha and 100 kg KCl. The field designwas done by plotting size is 1 x 5 m2, spacing plant of 25 cm x25 cm, and planting two seeds per hole. The yield componentscharacters which were observed: number of tillers, plant dryweight, plant height and flowering. The results of combinedanalysis showed that there is a significant interaction betweenP and genotype on the tiller number, whereas the dry weight ofplant, plant height, and flowering were is not significant. Theevaluation of 100 local rice genotypes to P deficiency byindicators of the tiller number and dry weight of plantsobtained 19 genotypes that are tolerant to P deficiency with therelative value of tillers number and dry weight of plants morethan 80%. Local varieties Mandalet, Ganefo, Padi Belanda,Pulut Jangan, Padi Ubek Bala, and Padi Krayan were the mosttolerant to conditions without P which showed the tillersnumber more 1-21% rather than the conditions with Pfertilizer. There are three selected genotypes, Pulut Jangan,Padi Ubek Bala, and Padi Krayan which increased the numberof tillers and dry weight of plants in without P conditions. Theincreasing of tillers number were reach 1-17% while the dryweight increased 12-41%.

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