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Buletin Plasma Nutfah
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 14104377     EISSN : 25491393     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Buletin Plasma Nutfah (BPN) is an open access scientific journal published by The Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD), The Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), Ministry of Agriculture. This peer-refereed journal covering the area of genetic resources including exploration, characterization, evaluation, conservation, diversity, traditional knowledge, management and policy / regulation, of all kinds of genetic resources: plants, animals, fishes, insects and microbes. Manuscripts submitted to this journal are those that have never been published in other journals. This journal is published in one volume of two issues per year (June and December). We invite authors to submit the manuscripts to this journal in English or Indonesian. Detail information about the journal, including author guidelines and manuscript template, is available on the website (http://ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/bpn). The manuscript should be submitted electronically through our submission system. Buletin Plasma Nutfah (BPN) is an open access scientific journal published by Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD), Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), Ministry of Agriculture. BPN Accredited by Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia (No. 21/E/KPTP/2018) for period of 2016-2020. This peer-refereed journal covers the area of genetic resources including exploration, characterization, evaluation, conservation, diversity, traditional knowledge, management and policy / regulation related to genetic resources: plants, animals, fishes, insects and microbes which has never been published in other Journal
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Articles 6 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 18, No 1 (2012): June" : 6 Documents clear
Keragaman Plankton dan Kualitas Perairan di Hutan Mangrove N. M. Heriyanto
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 18, No 1 (2012): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v18n1.2012.p38-44

Abstract

Plankton Diversity and Water Quality in Mangrove Forest. N.M. Heriyanto. Study the diversity of plankton and water quality in mangrove forests Blanakan was done in Subang, West Java and Cilacap, Central Java, in September 2010. Study used purposive random sampling method and the data were analyzed in the laboratory. The results showed five that different types of phytoplankton were found and a type of zooplankton that were Fragillaria sp., Navicula sp., Nitzschia sp., Surirella sp., Tabellaria sp., and one type of zooplankton Nauplius sp. Abundance of species (Di) Nitzschia sp. were found most dominant in the amount of 33.33% at the location of Cilacap and 25% in Blanakan, abundance of Fragillaria sp. 31.25% was in Blanakan and 11.11% in Cilacap. Plankton species diversity (H’) was generally low, the index of similarity (E) in the waters of relatively the same in both places. Mangrove forest at study site was dominated by Avicenia marina L. (Blanakan) and Rhizophora mucronata Blume (Cilacap). Heavy metal content of Hg in Cilacap was 7 times greater than Blanakan waters, the concentration of Zn in the same place two times larger, and cyanide (Cn) 4 times larger. Cilacap detergent in the water waw 12 times greater than these Blanakan waters. Water quality in industrial areas are generally worse than those in mangrove degraded areas. AbstrakPenelitian keragaman plankton dan kualitas perairan di hutan mangrove dilakukan di Blanakan Subang, Jawa Barat dan Cilacap, Jawa Tengah, pada September 2010. Penelitian menggunakan metode purposif random sampling dan data yang diperoleh dianalisis di laboratorium. Pada penelitian ditemukan lima jenis fitoplankton (Fragillaria sp., Navicula sp., Nitzschia sp., Surirella sp., Tabellaria sp.) dan satu jenis zooplankton (Nauplius sp). Kelimpahan jenis (Di) Nitzschia sp. paling dominan, yaitu 33% di Cilacap dan 25% di Blanakan, kelimpahan Fragillaria sp. 31% di Blanakan dan 11% di Cilacap. Keragaman jenis plankton (H’) umumnya rendah, indeks kesamaan (E) di perairan di kedua tempat relatif sama. Hutan mangrove di lokasi penelitian didominasi oleh jenis Avicenia marina L. (Blanakan) dan Rhizophora mucronata Blume (Cilacap). Kandungan logam berat Hg di Cilacap tujuh kali lebih besar dari perairan Blanakan. Konsentrasi Zn di tempat yang sama dua kali lebih besar, dan sianida (Cn) empat kali lebih besar. Deterjen di perairan Cilacap lebih besar 12 kali dibandingkan dengan perairan Blanakan. Kualitas perairan di kawasan industri umumnya lebih buruk dibandingkan dengan kawasan bermangrove terdegradasi.
Kajian Heritabilitas dan Heterosis pada Persilangan antara Kacang Tunggak dengan Kacang Panjang Lestari Ujianto; nFN Idris; Uyek M. Yakop
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 18, No 1 (2012): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v18n1.2012.p9-17

Abstract

Study of Heritability and Heterosis on Hybridization between Cowpea and Longbean. Lestari Ujianto, Idris, and Uyek M. Yakop. The objectives of this research were to study the success rate of crossing and heritability on interspecific hybridization between several NTB local varieties of cowpea and several varieties of long bean. This research consisted of 3 stages i.e. (1) hybridization between cowpea and long bean; (2) evaluation of F1 generation; (3) backcrossing between F1 with both parents. The observed data is analyzed to estimate the degree of crossability, value of broad sense heritability, coefficient of genetic variance. The result of this research indicated that: (1) interspecific crossing between cowpea NTB local varieties and long bean have different degree of successful with range 31 to 57% as well as on back crossing degree of successful with range 35 to 61%; (2) the characteristic of pod length and plant height indicated the high broad sense heritability value, and (3) there was hybrid vigor for diameter of pods on all cross combinations with heterosis and heterobeltiosis values ranging 11.4-27.0% and10.1-18.9% respectively. AbstrakTujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengkaji tingkat keberhasilan persilangan, pendugaan gejala heterosis dan daya waris sifat pada persilangan antarspesies beberapa varietas kacang tunggak lokal NTB dengan beberapa varietas kacang panjang. Penelitian terdiri atas tiga tahap kegiatan, yaitu (1) persilangan kacang tunggak dan kacang panjang; (2) evaluasi hasil persilangan antara kacang tunggak dan kacang panjang; (3) silang balik antara hasil persilangan yang unggul dengan kedua tetuanya. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis untuk menduga tingkat keberhasilan persilangan, pendugaan nilai heritabilitas arti luas, dan pendugaan koefisien keragaman genetik. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) persilangan antarspesies kacang tunggak varietas lokal NTB dengan kacang panjang memiliki tingkat keberhasilan persilangan yang berbeda berkisar antara 31-57%. Demikian juga untuk silang balik tingkat keberhasilan persilangannya berkisar antara 35-61%; (2) sifat panjang polong dan tinggi tanaman menunjukkan nilai duga heritabilitas arti luas yang tinggi; (3) terdapat vigor hibrida untuk diameter polong pada semua pasangan persilangan dengan nilai heterosis berkisar antara 11,4-27,0% dan nilai heterobeltiosis 10,1-18,9%.
Evaluasi Keseragaman dan Kestabilan Lima Varietas Kacang Panjang dalam Uji BUSS Nurdini Khadijah
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 18, No 1 (2012): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v18n1.2012.p18-25

Abstract

Evaluation of Uniformity and Stability for Five Yardlong Bean Varieties on DUS Test. Nurdini Khadijah. Uniformity and stability aspects in DUS test for self pollination crop such as yardlongbean usually done by simple assessment methods. The aim of this research is evaluating the assessment of both aspects using statistical tools. The object of the research is five yardlongbean varieties applied for PVP right. The candidates are Brawijaya 1, Brawijaya 3, Brawijaya 4, Bagong 2, and Bagong 3 which belong to Prof. Kuswanto of Brawijaya University. The test was carried out into two planting seasons (April-June 2011 and September-December 2011). Randomized Block Design used as test design with a total population of 60 plants per variety, divided into three replicates and sample size were 21 plants or plant parts per variety. Six varieties of common knowledge KP1, KP7, Putih Super, Hijau Super, Parade, and Pangeran were used as comparable varieties. The observations were recorded on 50 DUS characteristics as listed in the test guideline document of PPU BUSS yardlongbean (PPU/PVT/19/2). Statistical analyses used are cluster analysis, relative variance and homogeneity test used to evaluate the assessment of candidates on uniformity and stability aspects. Results show statistical analysis gives the same decision with the usual simple assessment, but with more accuracy. AbstrakUji BUSS untuk tanaman menyerbuk sendiri seperti kacang panjang biasanya menyertakan uji keseragaman dan kestabilan dengan cara penilaian sederhana. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengevaluasi penilaian kedua aspek tersebut dengan bantuan statistik. Obyek penelitian adalah lima varietas kacang panjang yang diajukan hak PVT, yaitu Brawijaya 1, Brawijaya 3, Brawijaya 4, Bagong 2, dan Bagong 3 hasil pemuliaan Prof. Kuswanto dari Universitas Brawijaya. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada dua musim tanam (April-Juni 2011 dan September- Desember 2011) di kebun percobaan Universitas Brawijaya Jatikerto, Malang, Jawa Timur. Pengujian dirancang menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan populasi 60 tanaman per varietas terbagi dengan tiga ulangan. Enam varietas yang sudah dikenal umum dilibatkan dalam pengujian sebagai pembanding, yaitu KP1, KP7, Putih Super, Hijau Super, Parade, dan Pangeran. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap 50 karakteristik tanaman yang tercantum dalam dokumen resmi panduan pengujian kacang panjang (PPU/PVT/19/2). Analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah analisis relatif varians untuk uji keseragaman dan analisis kluster serta uji homogenitas varians dua musim untuk uji kestabilan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa analisis statistik memberikan akhir yang sama dengan penilaian yang selama ini dilakukan secara sederhana, namun dengan tingkat ketelitian yang lebih tinggi.
Perakitan Varietas Salak Sari Intan 48 Sri Hadiati; Agus Susiloadi; Tri Budiyanti
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 18, No 1 (2012): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v18n1.2012.p26-31

Abstract

Salacca Varietal Development of Sari Intan 48. Sri Hadiati, Agus Susiloadi, and Tri Budiyanti. The availability of new superior salacca varieties, which fulfills consumer’s preference, will increase fruit consumption and farmer’s income as well. Generally, consumers prefer salacca fruit which has the following characteristics: sweet taste, thick flesh and spineless peel. Crossing method is hoped to meet demand. This study aimed to obtain a new superior salacca variety through crossing within salacca varieties which were ready to release. The study was conducted in Solok district of West Sumatera Province and Tanjung Pinang district of Riau province and started from year 2002 to 2008. The method used in this research was crossing between Gula Pasir x Pondoh salacca, then their seeds were germinated at Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute, located in Solok. The seedlings were then planted in Tanjung Pinang. Selection and evaluation activities were done over two years. The results showed that compared with Pondoh, Gula Pasir, and Bali varieties, the salacca of Sari Intan 48 had the following superior characters : thick flesh (0.5-1.8 cm), sweet taste (TSS: 19-20.8° Brix), no sour taste and non astringent, high vitamin C content(58.65 mg/100 g), and strong aroma. AbstrakTersedianya varietas unggul baru salak yang sesuai dengan selera konsumen dapat meningkatkan konsumsi buah dan pendapatan petani. Konsumen buah salak umumnya menyukai buah salak yang manis, berdaging tebal, dan sisik buah tidak berduri. Ideotipe ini dapat diperoleh antara lain melalui persilangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan varietas unggul baru salak hasil persilangan antara beberapa varietas salak yang siap untuk dilepas. Penelitian dilakukan di Solok dan Tanjung Pinang, mulai tahun 2002-2008. Metode yang digunakan adalah persilangan antara salak Bali Gula Pasir x salak Pondoh, kemudian biji dipanen dan dikecambahkan di Balitbu Tropika sampai siap tanam ke lapang. Bibit ditanam di Tanjung Pinang dan selanjutnya diseleksi serta dievaluasi produktivitasnya selama dua tahun berturut-turut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa salak Sari Intan 48 mempunyai beberapa keunggulan, antara lain daging buah tebal (0,5-1,8 cm), rasa manis (TSS : 19-20,8° Brix), tidak ada rasa asam dan sepet, kandungan vitamin C tinggi (58,65 mg/100 g), dan beraroma sangat harum dibandingkan dengan varietas pembanding (salak Pondoh, Gula Pasir, dan salak Bali).
Evaluation of Pangasius djambal Bleeker 1846 and Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage 1878) Hybrids: Biometric, Growth, and Ovarian Maturation Rudhy Gustiano; Anang H. Kristanto; Evi Tahapari; Bambang Iswanto
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 18, No 1 (2012): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v18n1.2012.p32-37

Abstract

Evaluasi Karakter Biometrik, Pertumbuhan, dan Perkembangan Telur Hibrida Pangasius Djambal Bleeker 1846 dan Pangasianodon Hypophthalmus (Sauvage 1878). Rudhy Gustiano, Anang H. Kristanto, Evi Tahapari, dan Bambang Iswanto. Program hibridisasi telah lama digunakan untuk meningkatkan produksi perikanan, lebih dari tiga dekade. Perhatian besar terhadap program hibridisasi merupakan kekhawatiran pengaruhnya terhadap populasi alami. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penyediaan alat untuk mengidentifikasi secara cepat dan akurat di lapang. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti karakter biometrik, keragaan pertumbuhan, dan perkembangan telur Pangasius djambal dan Pangasianodon hypophthalmus dan hibridanya. Analisis morfologi secara lengkap dilakukan pada hibrida. Uji pertumbuhan di kolam tanah dan pengamatan terhadap perkembangan telur juga diamati. Hasil pengamatan morfometrik dan meristik memperlihatkan bahwa hibrida memiliki karakter antara kedua induk asli, kecuali jumlah gigi tapis insang yang lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan tetuanya. Pengujian pertumbuhan di kolam tanah memperlihatkan hibrida memiliki pertumbuhan yang lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan tetuanya, sedangkan perkembangan telur hibrida menunjukkan abnormal. Perkembangan telur tidak pernah mencapai kematangan sempurna, sebagian besar rusak dan berlemak. Dari kajian yang dilakukan, dapat dikemukakan bahwa hibrida P. djambal and P. hypophthalmus adalah hibrida yang sesungguhnya. Hibrida ini dapat digunakan sebagai benih sebar untuk kegiatan produksi budi daya karena dapat dideteksi dengan mudah dari kedua tetuanya, lebih cepat tumbuh, dan tidak dapat berkembang biak. AbstrakHybridization program has been used to increase fish production for more than three decades. Concern to this program is due to the problem of potential impact on wild population. Hence, it is urgently needed to provide quick identification tools in the field and as well as commercial aspect in term of growth rate. This study investigated biometric characters, growth performance, and ovarian development of Pangasius djambal and Pangasianodon hypophthalmus and their reciprocal hybrids. A detailed morphological analysis was done on the hybrids of P. djambal and P. hypophthalmus. Earthen pond on the growth comparison as well as the ovarian development was also observed. The results of morphometric and meristic showed that the reciprocal hybrids have intermediate characters except for gill rakers numbers in which lower than that of parental species. Growth analysis showed that hybrids has better performance compare to the parental one, while ovarian development of hybrids was developed abnormal. No oocytes reached vitellogenesis and showed major atresia and fatty. It can be concluded that hybrids of P. djambal and P. hypophthalmus is true hybrids. The hybrids can be used as final seed for aquaculture production due to clearly identify from parents, superior growth performance and steril.
Sidik Lintas Karakter Agronomi dan Ketahanan Hama Pengisap Polong terhadap Hasil Plasma Nutfah Kedelai nFN Asadi
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 18, No 1 (2012): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v18n1.2012.p1-8

Abstract

Path Analysis of Agronomic Characters and Resistance to Pod Sucker Bug on Yield of Soybean Germplasm. Asadi. Soybean productivity was still low and unstable that commonly caused by pest attack and disease. Pod sucking insect pest is most serious pest of soybean that reduce seed production. Riptortus linearis is the most dominant pest of pod sucking bug of soybean. Planting of resistant variety is one of the biological control. To support the soybean breeding program for pod sucking pest resistance, the availability of sources of resistance genes is needed. Sources of resistance genes are obtained by evaluating and identifying of soybean germplasm. Based on soybean germplasm evaluation, it can be identified sources of resistance genes that can be used as the base material of soybean breeding programs for pod sucking pest resistance. How influence of independent variable (Xi) such as agronomic characters and resistance to pod sucking on seed yield as the dependent variable (Yi) of soybean germplasm, can be estimated by path analysis. By knowing the characters that influence the seed yield directly, so the character is going to be used for selection of soybean yield of germplasm. Based on 103 evaluations of soybean germplasm, as much as 5 accessions (B3778, B4400, B3802, B4176, and B2973) were identified as the resistant accessions, while accessions B4142, B4417 (Panderman), and the B3462 were most susceptible to pest of pod sucking bug. The seed size or pod size of soybean germplasm correlated positively and significantly on resistance to pod sucking bug. Multiple regression analysis indicated that the plant height (X3), and pod sucking bug attack (X7) significantly affect seed yield of soybean germplasm. The higher plant, the lower pod sucking bug attack, the higher soybean yield. Path analysis showed that plant high character (X3) affected the seed yield of soybean germplasm directly, indicating that the plant high character can be used for the selection of seed yield of soybean germplasm. Number of pods per plant (X5) by the effect of plant high (X3) affects the grain yield (Y) of soybean germplasm indirectly. AbstrakProduktivitas kedelai yang masih rendah dan beragam disebabkan antara lain oleh masih tingginya serangan hama dan penyakit. Pengisap polong tergolong hama utama yang cukup serius mempengaruhi hasil kedelai. Reptortus linearis merupakan hama yang paling dominan menyerang tanaman kedelai. Penggunaan varietas tahan merupakan salah satu cara pengendalian yang ramah lingkungan. Untuk mendukung program pemuliaan kedelai terhadap ketahanan hama pengisap polong, ketersediaan sumber gen tahan sangat diperlukan. Sumber gen tahan diperoleh dengan cara mengevaluasi dan mengidentifikasi sejumlah plasma nutfah kedelai yang tersedia. Dari hasil evaluasi diharapkan akan teridentifikasi sumber gen tahan yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan dasar untuk program pemuliaan kedelai terhadap ketahanan hama pengisap polong. Sebarapa jauh pengaruh karakter agronomi dan ketahanan terhadap hama pengisap polong sebagai variabel bebas (Xi) terhadap hasil biji sebagai variabel tak bebas (Yi) pada plasma nutfah kedelai dapat diketahui melalui analisis lintasan. Dengan mengetahui karakter yang berpengaruh langsung terhadap hasil, maka karakter tersebut dapat digunakan untuk seleksi terhadap hasil kedelai. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi 103 plasma nutfah kedelai, sebanyak lima aksesi telah diidentifikasi (B3778, B4400, B3802, B4176, dan B2973) sebagai aksesi yang tahan, sedangkan aksesi B4142, B4417 (Panderman), dan B3462 termasuk paling rentan terhadap hama pengisap polong. Ukuran biji yang dicerminkan oleh besarnya polong berkorelasi positif dan nyata dengan kerentanan terhadap hama pengisap polong. Analisis regresi berganda mengindikasikan bahwa tinggi tanaman (X3) dan tingkat serangan hama pengisap polong (X7) berpengaruh nyata terhadap hasil biji kedelai. Semakin tinggi tanaman dan semakin rendah serangan hama pengisap polong maka semakin tinggi hasil. Analisis sidik lintas menunjukkan bahwa sumbangan tinggi tanaman (X3) besar dalam menentukan hasil (Y). Artinya, karakter tinggi tanaman dapat digunakan untuk seleksi terhadap hasil biji kedelai. Jumlah polong per tanaman (X5) tidak langsung menentukan hasil biji (Y) kedelai dengan adanya peran tinggi tanaman (X3).

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