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Eksergi: Chemical Engineering Journal
Published by Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Yogyakarta
ISSN : 1410394X     EISSN : 24608203     DOI : https://doi.org/10.31315
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Control & Systems Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Eksergi is an open-access, peer-reviewed scientific journal that focuses on research and innovation in the fields of energy and renewable energy. The journal aims to provide a platform for scientists, researchers, engineers, and practitioners to share knowledge and advancements that contribute to sustainable development and energy transition. In addition to energy topics, the journal also accepts high-quality manuscripts related to, but not limited to, the following areas: Separation processes Bioprocesses related to food, energy, and environmental applications Wastewater treatment and resource recovery Process optimization and intensification Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) Chemical reaction engineering and reactor design Life cycle assessment (LCA) and sustainability evaluation Process Design and Control Engineering Process Simulations Process System Engineering The journal welcomes original research articles, reviews, and short communications that demonstrate novelty, scientific rigor, and relevance to chemical engineering and interdisciplinary applications.
Arjuna Subject : Energi (semua kategori) - Energi Terbarukan, Keberlanjutan dan Lingkungan
Articles 12 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 17, No 2 (2020)" : 12 Documents clear
Identifikasi Keberadaan Air pada Proses Penyaluran Fluida Produksi di Lapangan Minyak Lepas Pantai Hariyadi Hariyadi; Dedy Kristanto; Yulius Deddy Hermawan
Eksergi Vol 17, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/e.v17i2.3718

Abstract

Oil production that flows from the Platform to the FSO (Floating Storage and Offloading) "A" is derived from PT. "B" and the "C" Oil Company in the Madura Strait. The total oil production flowing from the Platform to the "A" FSO is currently around 6000 BOPD. As a result of the delivery system using the same channel, a problem arises, namely oil losses between the Platform as a delivery point and FSO "A" as a receiving point. Besides that, the water that is involved in the oil distribution process will be a deduction factor that will be used as a correction for oil shipments, the more water the less amount of oil will be received at FSO "A". The oil samples that have been taken are then observed for their characteristics, namely density, composition (%-mole), BS&W, emulsion, flash, shrinkage at PPPTMGB "Lemigas" Laboratory Jakarta. The specific gravity of samples is around 1,018. While the characteristics of the two are different from the characteristics of sea water; this difference is shown by the results of SG (1,018 vs 1,025) and the salt content of sea water is much higher than the water formation of PT "B" and PT "C". The oil samples of PT "B" and PT "C" have almost the same SG, which is 0.79. BS&W oil in both ships is quite low; this shows that the separation of oil and water on the Platform went quite well. However, BS&W samples in incoming FSO "A" are very high, at 5%; this indicates an off-set at the water-oil interface level settling time on the Platform separator so that water can be joined with the oil flow from the Platform to the FSO "A"
Penurunan Konsentrasi Anion Fosfat dan Sulfat dalam Air Limbah Hasil Proses Pengolahan Senotim dengan Metode Elektrokoagulasi Kharistya Rozana; Devi Swasti Prabasiwi; Dewi Puspa Ariany
Eksergi Vol 17, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/e.v17i2.3703

Abstract

Indonesia has rare earth mineral resources that have the potential to be processed into beneficial products for human life. In the processing of rare earth mineral resources rarely needed waste treatment devices to reduce contaminants in liquid waste process results. The method of processing with the electrocoagulator system is used because its does not require high levels of technology and costs. In research conducted wastewater treatment process results of xenotime by using method of electrocoagulation with variation of voltage and time of contact. Digestion of xenotime sand using concentrated sulfuric acid and in the content of xenotime sand there is a phosphate anion that binds with metal Y, Dy, Gd, La, Ce, Nd. Xenotime wastewater treatment process with electrocoagulation method is set at voltage variation 7V-13V with variation time of 0-120 minutes. The results of analysis with High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) showed that there is a decrease in the concentration of phosphate and sulfate anions in the filtrate of the processing results of xenotime wastewater using electrocoagulation method. The lowest concentrations of phosphate and sulfate anions occur in the 13 V voltage condition with 120 minutes of 1.180% and 0.564%.
Pembuatan dan Karakterisasi Membran Komposit sPEEK-PVA dengan Bahan Isian Grafena Oksida untuk Sel Bahan Bakar Methanol Elisa Putri Nastiti; Nur Hidayati
Eksergi Vol 17, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/e.v17i2.3729

Abstract

Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) is a fuel cell technology that convert chemical energy into electrical energy directly. Sulfonated polyether ether ketones (sPEEK) have potential as proton exchange membranes. Modification of sPEEK with poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and adding graphene oxide (GO) is expected to reduce methanol cross over. This study was designed to examine the characteristics of the sPEEK-PVA composite membrane using the independent variable variation of GO 2.5-10% w/w. The results showed that water uptake in the range of 20-33%, swelling degree in the range of 10-17.5%, the ion exchange capacity was 0.59-0.75 meq/g, and the methanol permeability was 2.82-4.2 x10-6 cm2 /s. The characters shown are comparable with Nafion's characters and have the potential to be developed because they are superior in terms of raw material prices
Profil Release Enkapsulasi Antosianin, Flavonoid dan Fenolik pada Kulit Semangka Menggunakan Metode Spray Drying Lilis Kistriyani; Farah Fauziyyah; Sri Rezeki
Eksergi Vol 17, No 2 (2020): Volume 17 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/e.v17i2.3098

Abstract

Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta merupakan salah satu daerah yang memiliki potensi bencana alam yang cukup tinggi. Makanan adalah bahan habis pakai yang paling dibutuhkan saat bencana alam terjadi. Untuk menjaga makanan bergizi yang akan didistribusikan ke korban bencana alam tetap layak untuk dimakan, diperlukan suatu adanya alternatif berupa pengawet alami makanan. Dalam penelitian ini, dipilih kulit semangka sebagai bahan untuk membuat pengawet alami karena mengandung flavonoid dan antosianin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui banyaknya kandungan total antosianin, flavonoid dan fenolik pada kulit semangka merah serta mengetahui pengaruh komposisi kitosan terhadap kemampuan pelepasan antosianin, flavonoid dan fenolik pada makanan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode ekstraksi dan enkapsulasi. Pada proses enkapsulasi digunakan teknik spray drying. Analisa yang dilakukan antara lain pengujian analisis kandungan Total Antosianin (TA), Total Flavonoid (TF) dan Total Fenolik (TPC) di dalam supernatant, serta analisa uji in vitro (uji kemampuan pelepasan flavonoid dan fenolik) pada makanan. Kandungan total antosianin pada kulit semangka merah sebesar 0,1113 mg/L. Kandungan total flavonoid pada kulit semangka merah sebesar 0,6159 g/mL. Kandungan total fenolik kulit semangka merah sebesar 0,3410 g/mL. Pada uji in vitro untuk senyawa flavonoid maupun fenolik, terjadi ketidakstabilan pelepasan kadar flavonoid dan fenolik terhadap waktu pada variasi kitosan 0,4 gram, 0,5 gram, dan 0,6 gram. Namun dari hasil rata-rata pelepasan kadar flavonoid dan fenolik, yang paling tinggi terjadi pada variasi kitosan 0,6 gram, dengan masing-masing nilai yaitu untuk flavonoid 0,1172 gram/mL dan untuk fenolik 0,0867 gram/mL. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi kadar kitosan, maka pelepasan kadar flavonoid dan fenolik juga meningkat.
Biogas Production from Vegetables and Fruit Wastes Using Anaerobic Floating Bioreactor soeprijanto soeprijanto; Anfi Reynikha Fatullah; Sashi Agustina; Dyah Firdha Amalia; Alif Adi Kaisar
Eksergi Vol 17, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/e.v17i2.3733

Abstract

Markets and supermarkets are one of the pillars of the country's economy, besides that, they are also the biggest contributors to vegetable and fruit waste which can cause various environmental problems. Therefore, the abundance of vegetable and fruit waste produced by markets and supermarkets can be utilized as environmentally friendly alternative energy, namely biogas. This study aimed to determine the effect of organic loading rate (OLR) on biogas production and gas composition in a continuous anaerobic floating bioreactor using mixed vegetable and fruit waste. A 40-l anaerobic floating bioreactor was utilized and the hydraulic retention time was 10 days; one kg of vegetable and fruit wastes at a 1:1 mass ratio was added with water to 4 l and introduced during 25 days; the daily biogas production was collected in a floating drum and measured as volume. The maximum biogas yield was 0.0452 m3/kg, achieved using the OLR of 0.0125 kg/l.day.  The use of OLR of 0.0250, 0.0375 and 0.0500 kg/l.d reached biogas yields of 0.0435, 0.0282, and 0.0163 m3/kg, respectively. The composition of the maximum biogas yield was 68.17% CH4, 19.34% CO2, 1.85% H2S, and 0.64% NH3. 
Influence of Particle Size and Chemical Activation on Rice Husk Biochar as Slow Release Fertilizer Natasha Amelia Rigitha Akhwan; Avido Yuliestyan
Eksergi Vol 17, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/e.v17i2.3730

Abstract

Nitrogen, Phosphate, and Potassium are important nutritional elements contained in the fertilizers for plants but their presence in the soil could be easily wash out by rain water. Biochar, originated from rice husks with a high absorbance ability, might be able to be used to inhibit the release of those nutrients. This research aims to investigate the influence of biochar size and the HCl chemical activation. Biochar, which has been pyrolyzed, was ground and sieved to obtain powder with the size average equivalent to 0.2735 mm; 0.4485 mm; 0.725mm; and 0.925 mm. The optimized biochar size were opted for later being activated using HCl with a concentration of 3%; 9%; and 15%. The leaching process of fertilizer, aiming to imitate the rain water washing, was performed by pouring water on a daily basis on a sand column with the presence of biochar saturated with colorized fertilizer. The obtained solution were then characterized using Spectrophotometer. The results show that the estimated release time for the case with the absence of biochar is 36 days, in contrast to 55 days for the case with the presence of biochar. 
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Fenol terhadap Efektivitas Fotodegradasi Fenol menggunakan Komposit Titania-Carbon Nanotube (Surfaktan) Desi Heltina; Nadhia Gasani Putri; Panca Setia Utama
Eksergi Vol 17, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/e.v17i2.3691

Abstract

Aromatic compounds in industrial wastewater such as phenols can contribute as pollutants which are highly toxic and carcinogenic. Phenol degradation can be carried out by a photocatalytic process which can convert phenol into non-toxic and enviromentally friendly compounds. The performance of titania (TiO2) photocatalyst was enhanced by using carbon nanotube as a doping agent for titania. To reduce carbon nanotube agglomeration, the surface of carbon nanotube was modified with cocoPAS surfactant. The purpose of this study was to synthesize titania-carbon nanotube-cocoPAS composite and evaluated the effect of initial phenol concentration (10, 20, 30 ppm) on the phenol photodegradation effectivity using titania-carbon nanotube-cocoPAS composite. Titania-carbon nanotube-cocoPAS composite synthesis was carried out by forming a composite between TiO2 and carbon nanotube that had been modified by surfactant. Composite were characterized by SEM, FTIR, and XRD. Phenol photodegradation was carried out at a degradation temperature of 50ºC for 4 hours under UV light. Samples were drawn at regular intervals and residual concentration of phenol in each sample was analysed using UV-Visible spechtrophotometer. The highest degradation effectivity in 4 hours was 81% at initial phenol concentration of 10 ppm.
Biokeramik Hidroksiapatit (HAp) Berbahan Dasar Cangkang Tiram Anodonta nuttaliana dari Danau Poso Agung Rimayanto Gintu; Elizabeth Betty Elok Kristiani; Yohanes Martono
Eksergi Vol 17, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/e.v17i2.3758

Abstract

Bioceramic Hydroxyapatite (HAp) was a derivated chemical synthetic compound from calcium phosphate commonly used to care the damage of hard tissues. Bioceramic Hydroxyapatite can synthetized from the compounds which rich with calcium contains. In this study threated the synthesis and physicochemical characterization to the HAp made from Anodonta nuttaliana clam shells obtained from Poso lake. From the characterization of the sample A. nuttaliana shells obtained the water contains 0,50±0,00%; ash contains 0,9827±0,0022g/g; potasium 0,00135±0,0002g/g; calcium 0,0165±0,0034g/g; phosphate 0,1920±0,0424g/g and the ratio of Ca/P 1,9389±0,3039%. The synthesis of HAp by base precipitation method showed the yield of synthesis 95,4320±0,7085% with the characteristic of the HAp showed that the potassium contains 0,0005±0,00004g/g; calcium 0,95476±0,0012g/g; phosphate 0,528±0,0075; ratio of Ca/P 1,0307±0,0932%; porosity 73,9598±1,1320%; swelling ability 9,6067±2,5365%; and biodegradability 8,8206±0,2176%. From the overall results concluded that the A. nuttaliana clam shells was very potential to became a source of Bioceramic Hydroxyapatite (HAp).
Process Dynamic of Two-Thermal-Tank-Series with Dead Time Yulius Deddy Hermawan; Wibiana Wulan Nandari; Fauzan Irfandy; Riski Ajin Rahmadi; Aryandhanu Mukti Tri Perkasa
Eksergi Vol 17, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/e.v17i2.3700

Abstract

The multi-tank-series system could come up the problem of instability due to dead-time. The goals of this work are to study the dynamic behavior of Two-Thermal-Tanks-Series (TTTS) with dead time through the open loop experiment in laboratory, and to propose the new-module of fundamental chemical engineering practicum in field of process dynamic for undergraduate program. The two stirred-tank-heaters @10L were designed for heating of water fluid. Both of tanks were designed overflow to maintain their volume constant. The gate valve was installed in the inlet pipe of Tank-1 to adjust its volumetric flowrate (f). The inlet temperature of Tank-1 (T1), the liquid temperatures in Tank-1 (T2) and Tank-2 (T3) were measured by thermocouple multi-channels. The volt-ampere-regulators were used to adjust the electrical energy in Tank-1 (q1) and Tank-2 (q2). The mathematical model was solved and rigorously examined in Xcos/Scilab. In order to study the dynamic behavior of TTTS, the inlet flowrate disturbance was made based on step input change. According to our investigation in laboratory and open loop simulation, both Tank-1 and Tank-2 gave stable responses, the model’s responses showed the closed and similar trend with laboratory’s responses, and time delay of about 30 seconds has been found in Tank-2.
POST-COMBUSTION COAL DESULFURIZATION Review Silky Amanda Yuniar; Edy Nursanto; Rika Ernawati
Eksergi Vol 17, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/e.v17i2.3828

Abstract

The sulfur content in coal ranges from 0.5 to 5%, and it is an impurity that must be removed before burning coal, due to the toxic effects and acid rain caused by SO2 gas generated from sulfur oxidation. Sulfur cleaning technology can be carried out on coal before combustion (pre-combustion), and can reduce the inorganic sulfur content by up to 50%; however, it cannot reduce the organic sulfur content. Therefore, the industry relies on post-combustion desulfurization to remove SO2 from the gas from coal combustion. The aim of the coal desulfurization review is to direct desulfurization research to be efficient and effective, as well as to be environmentally friendly. Sulfur in coal consists of organic sulfur and inorganic sulfur. Coal inorganic sulfur consists of pyrite (FeS2), sulfate, and sulfide. The largest composition is pyrite. Organic sulfur consists of hetero-atomic and heterocyclic (thiophenic) macromolecules that bind N and O atoms, aromatic sulfides, and aromatic disulfides (small amounts). Inorganic sulfur can easily be separated from coal by means of flotation, microwave energy, magnetic forces, ultrasonic energy, and as well as microorganisms. Meanwhile, organic sulfur cannot be separated from coal by using the methods used in the inorganic sulfur separation process. Organic sulfur can be removed by chemical and biodesulfurization, however, this process is inefficient for industrial scale. The most recommended method is the absorption of SO2 gas in the gas from coal combustion, or post-combustion desulfurization. Various methods have also been investigated to separate SO2 gas, and more details will be described in this paper.

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