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INDONESIA
Pelita Perkebunan
Published by Pusat Penelitian Kopi dan Kakao Indonesia
ISSN : 02150212     EISSN : 24069574     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebuna
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Pelita Perkebunan, Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal (CCRJ): ISSN:0215-0212 Since its establishment in 1911, Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute (ICCRI) formerly Besoekisch Proefstation, had published its research findings through a journal call Mededelingen van het Besoekisch Proefstation. Between 1948-1981 the research institute was under the supervision of Bogor Research Institute for Estate Crops, and published its research findings through De Bergcultures which was later changed to Menara Perkebunan. Since the institute held the national mandate for coffee and cocoa commodities, and due to rapid increase in the research findings, ICCRI published its first issue of Pelita Perkebunanjournal in April 1985. Pelita Perkebunanis an international journal providing rapid publication of peer-reviewed articles concerned with coffee and cocoa commodities based on the aspects of agronomy, plant breeding, soil science, crop protection, postharvest technology and social economy. Papers dealing with result of original research on the above aspects are welcome, with no page charge. Pelita Perkebunan is managed by Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute (ICCRI), which publish the research findings not only for coffee and cocoa but also other commodities relevant with coffee and cocoa, i.e. shade trees, intercrops and wind breakers.
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Articles 5 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 27 No 1 (2011)" : 5 Documents clear
Resterilization in cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) somatic embryogenesispropagation to save contaminated embryos Sulistyani Pancaningtyas; Cahya Ismayadi
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol 27 No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v27i1.141

Abstract

Somatic embryogenesis is a technique to produce primary embryos using tissue culture. Contamination in tissue culture can be caused by internal and external contaminant. Resterilization can be performed to save contaminated embryos. The aim of this research is to obtain resterilization method in cocoa micropropagation by tissue culture so that free bacterial explants can be obtained and embryogenic. This experiments used five clones of cocoa, namely Sulawesi 1, KW 514, ICCRI 05, ICCRI 03 and ICCRI 04. Embryogenic clusters in multiplication medium were used as explant. Sodium hypochloride was used as sterilant. Several factors were evaluated using randomized block complete design, i.e. contaminant level, concentration of sterilant and period of sterilant application. Results of resterilization methods showed no significant effect among several factors tested. Among those factors, low contamination level, 10% concentra tion of sterilant and no soaking showed the highest percentage of saving of contaminated embryos. There was different response among five cocoa clones in producing embryogenic explants when using combination of resterilization methods. Key words : Theobroma cacao, somatic embryogenesis, contamination, resterilization.
Effect of flush existence, NAA and GA application on cocoa pod development Y.T.M. Astuti; Adi Prawoto; Kumala Dewi
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol 27 No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v27i1.142

Abstract

This experiment was carried out to study the photosynthate allocation between flush and young pods, and the effect of (naphthalene acetic acid) and (gibberellic acid) application to sink strength. Two cocoa clones KW 163 and KW 165 located in Kaliwining Experimental Station of Indonesian Coffea and Cocoa Research Institut were used on this experiment. Each clone was treated with flushes and without flush. Beside that, the young pods sprayed with NAA 250 mg L-1, GA 250 mg L-1, NAA 250 mg L-1 dan GA 250 mg L-1 and control (K = without NAA and GA). There were 2 x 4 treatment combinations for each clone, and replicated three trees for each combination. The parameter were cherelle wilt percentage, sucrose content, fresh and dry weight, long and diameter of healthy and wilting pods.The result showed that sink strength of young pods was lower than that of flushes, which caused application photosynthate translocation to the young pods was lower. NAA and GA application to the pods could improve sucrose allocation, increased pod weight and cherelle wilt was suppressed. The lack of photosynthate on young pod cause metabolism change, so pod became cherelle wilt. But, there was still not known the optimum concentration and method of application of those growth regulators to obtained minimum cherelle wilt.Key words: Cocoa, flush, pod, naphthylacatic acid, gibberellic acid, cherelle wilt.
Analysis of Pyrazine and Volatile Compounds in Cocoa Beans Using Solid Phase Microextraction Misnawi Jati; Ariza Budi Tunjung Sari
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol 27 No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v27i1.143

Abstract

Analisis pirazin dan senyawa volatil pada biji kakao dilakukan dengan perangkat mikroekstraksi fase padat (solid phase micro extraction, SPME), untuk mengembangkan metode ekstraksi tanpa pelarut yang efisien. Perangkat SPME dilengkapi fiber stableflex dengan polimer DVB/Carboxen/PDMS yang menjerap senyawa volatil di area headspace. Biji kakao terfermentasi disangrai dan diambil lemaknya untuk ditempatkan dalam botol bertutup septa. Sampel dipanaskan pada suhu 70OC dan serat SPME ditusukkan menembus septa untuk mengekstrak senyawa volatil dari lemak kakao selama 30 menit. Senyawa volatil lemak kakao akan dijerap oleh serat SPME dan dilepaskan kembali untuk analisis kromatografi gas. Penelitian menunjukkan pirazin dan senyawa volatil yang diekstrak oleh serat SPME dapat terdeteksi dengan baik oleh kromatografi gas. Area puncak yang dihasilkan SPME meliputi 2,83–5,35% dari area puncak yang dihasilkan syringe, kendati demikian kemampuan ekstraksi SPME dapat disetarakan dengan syringe. Lima jenis pirazin yang sering terdapat di biji kakao telah diidentifikasi, meliputi metil pirazin (2MP); 2,3 dan 2,5-dimetilpirazin (DMP); dan 2,3,5 trimetilpirazin (TrMP) dan tetrametil pirazin (TMP). Senyawa lainnya juga terdeteksi meliputi alkohol, asam karboksilat, aldehida, keton, ester, pirazin, amin dan senyawa volatil lainnya, dan diketahui erat kaitannya dengan aroma khas cokelat. Keberhasilan SPME dalam ekstraksi pirazin dan senyawa volatilsemi volatil yang berperan penting dalam pembentukan aroma cokelat menandakan SPME dapat digunakan lebih lanjut untuk analisis citarasa.
Performance of a Horizontal Triple Cylinder Type Pulping Machine Sukrisno Widyotomo; H. Ahmad; S.T. Soekarno; Sri Mulato
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol 27 No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v27i1.144

Abstract

Pulping is one important step in wet coffee processing method. Pulping process usually uses a machine which constructed by wood or metal materials. A horizontal single cylinder type of fresh coffee cherries pulping machine is the most popular machine in coffee processing. One of the weaknesses of a horizontal single cylinder type of fresh coffee cherries pulping machine is higher in broken beans. Broken bean is one of mayor aspects in defect system that contribute to low quality. Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute has designed and tested a horizontal double cylinder type of fresh coffee cherries pulping machine which resulted in 12.6—21.4% of broken beans. To reduce percentage of broken beans, Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute has developed and tested a horizontal triple cylinder type of fresh coffee cherries pulping machine. Material tested was fresh mature Robusta coffee cherries, 60—65% (wet basis) moisture content; has classified on 3 levels i.e. unsorted, small and medium, and clean from metal and foreign materials. The result showed that the machine produced 6,340 kg/h in optimal capacity for operational conditions, 1400 rpm rotor rotation speed for unsorted coffee cherries with composition 55.5% whole parchment coffee, 3.66% broken beans, and 1% beans in wet skin.Key words : coffee, pulp, pulper, cylinder, quality.
Arabica Coffee Farming and Marketing Chain Analysis in Manggarai and EastManggarai Districts Dhiany. Faila Sophia Hartatri; Bernard de Rosari
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol 27 No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v27i1.145

Abstract

Arabica coffee has a unique flavour and very potential market. The purpose of this study was to analyse Arabica coffee farming and to investigate its performance of marketing chains in Manggarai and East Manggarai Districts, Flores, East Nusa Tenggara Province. This research was conducted in 2008-2010 by interviewing coffee farmers and coffee buyers; using open and close questions. The number of respondents were 100 people in each district. The result showed that land holding per household farmer in Manggarai and East Manggarai were 0.84 ha and 0.92 ha, respectively. Farmers in both districts were within the range of productive age, the farmers who were members of farmer groups in both study sites was £ 50%. Arabica coffee cultivation was still done in a traditional way. Fertilizing and controlling of pest and diseases had not been carried out inten sively. Arabica coffee farming in both district was feasible. BCR, NPV and IRR values in Manggarai were 4.2, Rp8,530,105, and 70.76% respectively, while BCR, NPV, and IRR value in East Manggarai district were 8.1, Rp2,465,833, and 27%, respectively. BEP production and coffee price in Manggarai were 94.2 kg/ha/th and Rp15,913/kg respectively, whereas BEP production and coffee price in East Manggarai were 78,2 kg/ha/th and Rp10,134/kg, respectively. In general, farmers sold their coffee in green bean form. In general, the marketing chains of Arabica coffee in both districts was farmer – collector - trader - exporter.Key words: Arabica coffee, potential market, farming analysis, feasible, marketing chains.

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