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WARTAZOA Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences
Published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development
ISSN : 02166461     EISSN : 23546832     DOI : 10.14334
Core Subject : Health,
Veterinary
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences ISSN: 0216-6461 E-ISSN: 2354-6832 is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD). The aim of this journal is to publish high-quality articles dedicated to all aspects of the latest outstanding developments in the field of animal and veterinary science. It was first published in 1983. The journal has been registered in the CrossRef system with Digital Object Identifier (DOI) prefix 10.14334.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 5 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 19, No 4 (2009): DECEMBER 2009" : 5 Documents clear
Emission of Methane From Enteric Fermentation: National Contribution and Factors Affecting it in Livestock Budi Haryanto; A Thalib
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 19, No 4 (2009): DECEMBER 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (161.107 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v19i4.911

Abstract

Changing in atmosphere condition is affected by the quantity of gases produced from all activities on the earth. Gases that have effects  on  global  warming  are  CO2,  N2O,  H2O,  and  CH4  (methane).  Among  other  sources  of  methane  are  enteric fermentation of organic material from ruminants and feces decomposition. Methane production from ruminants is affected by several factors such as breed/type of animal, feed quality, environmental temperature and physiological status of the animal. Energy as methane in ruminants may reach 2 to 15% of the total energy consumption. To reduce the emission of methane from ruminants, it is necessary to apply a strategic feeding system for more efficient utilization of feed.   Key words: Methane, global warming, ruminants, rumen fermentation
The Role of Interferon–Tau (Ifn–τ) in The Reproduction Handling of Female Ruminant Sulaiman Ngongu Depamede
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 19, No 4 (2009): DECEMBER 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (144.106 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v19i4.912

Abstract

In ruminants, interferon-tau (IFN–τ)  is well known as an important pregnancy factor. Interferon-tau as antiluteolytic cytokine is secreted from the tropoblast during the time of implantation. About 10 – 15% of pregnancy losses in cows were possibly due to the lack of IFN–τ to maintain corpus luteum. Interferon-tau induces some early pregnancy factors which are expressed around 15 days post insemination. This has led that IFN–τ to be a strong candidate for the development of ruminant early pregnancy tests. The aim of this paper is to review the existing literatures on the roles of IFN–τ in biology reproduction as well as researches that have been carried out on reproductive biotechnology especially in regards to the development of early pregnancy test for ruminant. It can be concluded that administration of IFN–τ is able to improve reproductive performance of female ruminants experimentally. Interferon-tau and its derivates can be used to develop a rapid test for early pregnancy diagnostic.   Key words: Interferon-tau, early pregnancy test, ruminant
Research and Development on Animal Feed in Malaysia M Wan Zahari; H K Wong
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 19, No 4 (2009): DECEMBER 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (89.116 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v19i4.913

Abstract

The growth of the non-ruminant sector to self–sufficiency in meat and eggs has been matched by massive importation of feed. Thus, a major thrust to reduce the burden of feed imports is to increase the use of indigenous feed resources and intensify research to look for alternatives and substitutes. Over the past 3 decades, local researchers have reported on the availability nutritive content, optimal inclusion levels and treatment methods to enhance nutrient value of many locally available feed ingredients in practical poultry rations. The list includes evaluation and utilization of feed rice, palm kernel cake (PKC), broken rice, bran, sorghum, cassava, sago, fishmeal and commercial grain corn production; but the goal of import substitution and self- sufficiency is still unfulfilled. Although PKC, feed rice, local maize and specialty fats has potential to be viable energy feed sources and local fish meal is a promising protein feed source, more large scale Research and Development (R & D) is needed. In the ruminant sub-sector, emphasis is towards maximizing use of locally available agro-industrial byproducts and crop residues for the production of cost-effective feeds. The utilization of local feed resources is highly dependent on the supply of agro- industrial byproducts or crop residues from the oil palm and rice industries. In order to encourage a sustainable ruminant industry in Malaysia, local feed production has to be maximized and strengthened. Current emphasis is towards the development of practical and low-cost feeds for various classes of livestock species, particularly by utilizing local forages, tree fodders, crop residues and agro-industrial byproducts. This paper highlights the research and development on animal feed in Malaysia over the last three decades and discusses various aspects of livestock feeding.   Key words: Feed, resources, indigenous, ruminant, non-ruminant
Manipulation of Bioprocess in Rumen to Improve Fiber Feed Utilization Wisri Puastuti
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 19, No 4 (2009): DECEMBER 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (174.868 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v19i4.914

Abstract

Ruminant has a unique digestive organ that has big capacity to digest fiber. The digestive process includes the interaction of feed, rumen microbe and animal itself. Fementative digestion gives an advantage for ruminant as majority of feed consists of fiber, i.e: cellulose, hemi cellulose and xylan. Rumen microbes have an important role to digest fiber. Rumen microbes could be manipulated by several strategies to increase microbial protein synthesis and microbial activity. Feed supplement could stimulate growth and activity of rumen microbes, while buffer could stabilize the rumen pH and also the fermentation. Defaunating agent was given to control the existence of rumen microfauna (protozoa) so increase the population of bacteria. Essensial amino acid was used as a growth factor of rumen microbe the amino acid or its precursor could be given as supplementation. Feeding probiotic could maintain anaerob condition in the rumen, and caused population and activity of rumen microbe increased. Addition of micro mineral or enzyme could improve the fermentation and feed degradation in the rumen, hence, improved feed intake and animal productivity.   Key words: Rumen microbe, fiber source, manipulation, digestion
Optimizing The Use of Cassava Plant and its Byproduct as Ruminant Feed Risa Antari; U Umiyasih
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 19, No 4 (2009): DECEMBER 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (147.275 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v19i4.915

Abstract

An alternative to overcome the lack of feed is to use local feed resources. Cassava (Manihot utilissima) is a tropical plant that grows easily in all types of soil. At the time of harvest, the price is relatively cheap. Cassava has a low nutritive value, especially in crude protein, but it is a potential source of energy. The research to optimize the use of cassava as feed is by enrichment of its nutritional value, production of single cell protein or supplementation with other feed ingredient. Cassava leaves or hay contain high protein level so that it can be used as protein source. However, its utilization is limited by anti nutritive compounds, such as cyanide acid and linamarin. It can be overcome by physical, chemical and biological treatments as detoxification. The use of cassava in livestock feed requires a formulation strategy to obtain the optimal productivity.   Key words: Byproducts, cassava, feed, cattle

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