Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences welcomes full research articles in the area of Engineering Sciences from the following subject areas: Aerospace Engineering, Biotechnology, Chemical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Engineering Physics, Environmental Engineering, Industrial Engineering, Information Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Material Science and Engineering, Manufacturing Processes, Microelectronics, Mining Engineering, Petroleum Engineering, and other application of physical, biological, chemical and mathematical sciences in engineering. Authors are invited to submit articles that have not been published previously and are not under consideration elsewhere.
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Formerly known as:
ITB Journal of Engineering Science (2007 – 2012)
Proceedings ITB on Engineering Science (2003 - 2007)
Proceedings ITB (1961 - 2002)
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Identification of Micro-plastic Contamination in Drinking Water Treatment Plants in Phnom Penh, Cambodia
Sandhya Babel;
Hakk Dork
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 53 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung
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DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2021.53.3.7
Micro-plastics (MP) contamination in drinking water has become a global concern. Its negative impacts on human health have been reported. This study identified the presence of MP in two different drinking water treatment plants (WTP) in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, and investigated their removal efficiency. Samples were collected from the inlet, sedimentation, sand filtration, and distribution tank to quantify the removal by each unit. An optical microscope and a fluorescence microscope were used to detect the MP in four size fractions: 6.5-20, 20-53, 53-500, and >500 µm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used to identify the polymer type for particles with size fractions of 53-500 and >500 µm. The results showed that the MP counted in WTP1 were 1180.5 ± 158 p/L in the inlet and 521 ± 61 p/L in the distribution tank. In WTP2, the MP counted were 1463 ± 126 p/L in the inlet and 617 ± 147 p/L in the distribution tank. The smaller size fraction of 6.5-20 µm predominated at each sampling location. Fragments were the most abundant morphology compared to fibers in all sampling points of both plants. PET predominated and the overall percentages for the inlet tank were 28.8% and 26%, followed by PE with 27.1% and 20.8% in WTP1 and WTP2, respectively. Other common polymer types were PP, PA, PES, and cellophane, while all others accounted for less than 5%. The results of the study showed that a significant number of MP remained in the water distribution system.
Bayah Natural Zeolites to Upgrade the Quality of Bio Crude Oil from Empty Fruit Bunch Pyrolysis
Anton Irawan;
Yazid Bindar;
Teguh Kurniawan;
Hafid Alwan;
Rosid Rosid;
Nisa Aina Fauziah
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 53 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung
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DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2021.53.3.8
Currently, the fuel oil for transportation and industry is produced mostly from fossil fuels. Because fossil fuels are a limited resource, biomass could be an alternative resource. Empty fruit bunch (EFB) is biomass waste from fresh fruit bunch processing in palm oil mills. EFB can be converted to bio-crude oil through pyrolysis at temperatures from 400 to 600 °C. The quality of bio-crude oil must be upgraded due to its high oxygen content. Esterification of bio-crude oil potentially improves the quality of bio-crude oil by using zeolite as catalyst. The purpose of this research was to investigate the properties of Bayah natural zeolites for upgrading the quality of bio-crude oil from EFB pyrolysis. Bayah natural zeolite was activated using various NaOH concentrations. Characterization of the natural zeolites was performed by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), and nitrogen physisorption. The optimum ratio of Si/Al of the modified Bayah natural zeolites was 3.91. The surface area of the parent was initially 19 m2/g and increased significantly to 150 m2/g after treatment with 0.4 M NaOH solution. The application of the activated zeolites for bio-crude oil esterification successfully decreased the total acid number.
Comparison of Liquid Product Characteristics of PFAD Metal Soap Decarboxylation by Batch and Continuous Process
Godlief F. Neonufa;
Lidya Elizabeth;
Endar Puspawiningtiyas;
Meiti Pratiwi;
Astri Nur Istyami;
Ronny Purwadi;
Tatang H. Soerawidjaja
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 53 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung
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DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2021.53.3.11
Well-run continuous processes will benefit the industrial world in the future. This paper investigated the effect of batch and continuous processes on metal basic soap decarboxylation in terms of the liquid product characteristics. The metal soap used in the process was made from palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) reacted with mixed metal oxides of Zn, Mg, and Ca. While the batch decarboxylation was carried out in a batch reactor at 400 °C for 5 hours, the continuous decarboxylation was conducted at 400 °C with a feed flow rate of 3.75 gr/minutes. Theoretically, the yield of batch decarboxylation is 76.6 wt% while the yield of continuous decarboxylation is 73.37 wt%. The liquid product was fractionated to separate short-chain hydrocarbon of C7-C10 (gasoline fractions) from medium- to long-chain hydrocarbons, or greater than C11 (green diesel fraction). The result showed that the alkane content from the batch process was higher than from the continuous process, whereas the continuous process produced more ketone products compared to the batch process. Furthermore, the GC-FID analysis showed a similar amount of total hydrocarbon (alkane, iso-alkane, and alkene) in both the batch and the continuous process.
Cover JETS Vol. 53 No. 3, 2021
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 53 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung
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