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Pengaruh Aktivator Kimia pada Performasi Bioadsorben dari Karbon Tempurung Kelapa sebagai Penjernih Air Sumur Irawan, Anton; Rahmayetty, .; Dewi, Nadia Kartika; Utami, Sri
TEKNIKA Vol 12, No 1 (2016): Juni
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Limbah tempurung kelapa merupakan material organik yang sangat potensial sebagai sumber karbon. Karbon dari tempurung kelapa akan mempunyai nilai guna lebih tinggi dengan perlakuan lebih lanjut menjadi karbon aktif. Karbon aktif dapat digunakan sebagai adsorben penjernih air. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mencari kondisi optimum aktifasi karbon tempurung kelapa, agar dapat diaplikasikan untuk penjernihan air sumur. Dalam penelitian ini, limbah tempurung kelapa diproses secara pirolisis menghasilkan karbon tempurung kelapa. Kemudian karbon di aktivasi menggunakan metode aktivasi kimia dengan HCL dan NaOH sebagai aktivator. Pemilihan asam dan basa bertujuan untuk mempelajari efektivitas asam dan basa sebagai bioadsorben penjernih air. Kondisi optimum diaplikasikan sebagai penjernih air pada kolom adsorpsi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kondisi terbaik diperoleh pada arang aktif dengan aktifator HCl 3N dengan lama perendaman 16 jam dan ukuran -100+118 mesh. Bilangan iodin yang dihasilkan adalah 853,25 mg/g, kadar air 0,09%, dan kadar zat mudah terbang 8,496%. Hasil Penjernihan air karbon aktif dapat mereduksi kadar besi (Fe) 64,36 % , kadar klorida 8,89%, TDS 8,51%, silika 4,67% dan kesadahan 18,58% dari kandungan air sumur sebelum proses adsorpsi.
Pengaruh Komposisi Massa Bahan Baku dan Temperatur pada Steam Reformer terhadap Jumlah Produksi Bio-Hydrogen dengan Menggunakan Software ASPEN HYSYS V.10.0 Dermawan, Rizki Kurnia; Fathoni, Rif'an; Irawan, Anton
Jurnal Chemurgy Vol 2, No 1 (2018): Jurnal Chemurgy-Juni 2018
Publisher : Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/cmg.v2i1.1634

Abstract

Proses pada pabrik bio hidrogen dari bio oil terbagi menjadi beberapa unit, yaitu unit dehidrooksigenasi, unit pemisahan, unit steam reforming, unit water gas shift, dan unit pemurnian. Penelitian ini menjelaskan tentangpengaruh perbandingan komposisi massa metana (CH4) dengan steam (H2O) serta pengaruh perbedaan temperatur pada unit steam methane reforming untuk melihat pengaruh pada produksi bio hidrogen. Penelitian ini dikerjakan menggunakan software simulasi proses Aspen Hysys v.10.0. Dengan menggunakan variabel temperatur pada steam reformer (800 °C, 850 °C, 900 °C, 950 °C, 1000 °C) dan variabel perbandingan komposisi massa steam dengan methane (CH4), yaitu 1:2, 1:1,25, 1:3, 1:3,5, 1:4. Dari penelitian yang dilakukan didapatkan pengaruh komposisi steam dan metana berbanding lurus dengan jumlah bio hidrogen yang dihasilkan. Serta, pengaruh perbedaan temperatur pada reaktor steam reformer berbanding lurus dengan jumlah produksi hidrogen. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan jumlah produksi bio hidrogen terbaik 1300 kg/jam.Kata kunci: Aspen HYSYS, Bio Oil, Bio Hidrogen
The Judicial Review Of Deed Creation And Validation Process Of Limited Liability Company On Ahu-Online Application System Antonia Irawan; Fakhrul Wildan; Setyawati Setyawati
Jurnal Akta Vol 6, No 3 (2019): September 2019
Publisher : Program Magister (S2) Kenotariatan, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/akta.v6i3.5104

Abstract

The purpose of this study are to: 1) To Detect and deploy Analyzing the Accuracy and Validation Process Limited liability company Incorporation in AHU-Online system. 2) To Know and Analyzing Barriers happened and find solutions to overcome barriers Proper case Barriers to AHU-Online System in the Process of Approval of a limited liability company (PT). The data used in this research is secondary data, which includes Legal Materials Primary, Secondary and Materials Legal Materials Tertiary Law to support the assessment which is then analyzed by Empirical Juridical approaches do with the fact that there in Practice In the field. This approach is also known by the Sociological approach made directly to the field.From the results of data analysis concluded that: 1) Accuracy and Validation Implementation in the Process of Establishment of a Limited liability company in AHU-Online system, according to the provisions of Article 9 UUPT that in order to obtain a Ministerial Decree on Approval of the Company Law Board, submitted through Online by Electronic AHU to the Minister. 2) Obstacles and Solutions in case the system is AHU-Online in the Process Ratification of a limited liability company, if it is proven the person doing the transaction was not competent law to conduct a transaction and a violation of the requirements of a particular case, and Abuse Terms of a For Halal, the Treaty of Establishment of Company can be canceled. In case of violation of the contents of the Agreement Establishing a company, it can do some act of law. If arises a problem of law and based on the Article 16 Paragraph (1) of Act No. 48 Of 2009 concerning Judicial Authority, that the court may not refuse to Check, Passing and Terminate and Judges shall Digging, Following and Understanding the Values of Law and Sense of Justice living in the community.Keywords: Judicial Review; Limited Liability Company; AHU-Online.
Simulasi pengeringan batu bara muda dengan metode rangkaian pori pada kondisi isotermal Anton Irawan; Indar Kustiningsih
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia Vol 8, No 3 (2009)
Publisher : ASOSIASI PENDIDIKAN TINGGI TEKNIK KIMIA INDONESIA (APTEKIM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/jtki.2009.8.3.2

Abstract

Simulation of low rank coal drying with pore network method in isothermal condition.Indonesia has large coal reserve with most of them are low rank coal. Low rank coal has low energy content (< 4,800 kcal/kg) and high moisture content (> 25%). High moisture content of coal will make a problem for coal conversion processing to be a main energy source such as power plant  so that the moisture of coal must be removed from inside of coal. The moisture content in the coal can be removed by drying based on drying kinetic (drying rate). Drying kinetic is influenced by several variables such as hot fluid velocity and temperature, size and pore structure of material. In this model, sample of low rank coal are analyzed to obtain the data of pore size distribution. The size of pore were used 40 and 100 nm, the pore length was 100 nm. Four different pore structures were simulated by pore network modelling. From pore network simulation, the structure with large pore had long time for drying constant period, but the structure with small pore had short time for drying constant period.Keywords: coal, drying, pore network, moisture, vapour diffusion. AbstrakIndonesia merupakan negara yang memiliki cadangan  batubara yang besar yang dapat digunakan sebagai sumber energi utama untuk industri, tetapi batubara yang dimiliki oleh Indonesia sebagian besar merupakan batubara muda yang memiliki kandungan energi yang rendah (< 4.800 kcal/kg) serta kandungan air yang tinggi (> 25%). Kandungan air batubara yang tinggi menyulitkan dalam proses konversi batubara untuk dijadikan sebagai sumber energi utama seperti pada sistem tenaga. Kandungan air dalam batubara dapat dikurangi dengan pengeringan dengan mengamati data kinetika pengeringan berupa laju pengeringan. Laju pengeringan batubara dipengaruhi oleh beberapa variabel antara lain kecepatan fluida panas, temperatur fluida panas, ukuran partikel yang dikeringkan serta struktur pori-pori dari partikel yang dikeringkan. Beberapa sampel batubara muda dianalisis strukturnya untuk mendapatkan data distribusi pori. Ukuran pori yang digunakan terdiri atas 2 macam yaitu 40 dan 100 nm serta panjang pori 500 nm.  Empat macam struktur pori disimulasikan dengan metode rangkaian pori. Dari simulasi rangkaian pori memperlihatkan bahwa ukuran pori yang besar akan memberikan waktu yang lebih lama untuk laju pengeringan tetap sedangkan struktur pori dengan  ukuran pori  kecil akan memberikan laju pengeringan tetap yang lebih pendek waktunya.Kata Kunci: batubara, pengeringan, rangkaian pori, kandungan air, difusi uap.
Volatile State Mathematical Models for Predicting Components in Biomass Pyrolysis Products Pandit Hernowo; Carolus B. Rasrendra; Yogi W. Budhi; Jenny Rizkiana; Anton Irawan; Septhian Marno; Yana Meliana; Oki Muraza; Yazid Bindar
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 54 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2022.54.1.8

Abstract

Volatile state mathematical models for quantifying the chemical components in volatile biomass pyrolysis products were developed. The component mass yield Yi rate depends linearly on its pseudo kinetic constant and the remaining mass yield. The mass fraction rate of each component was modeled from the derivation of its mass yield rate equation. A new mathematical model equation was successfully developed. The involved variables are: biomass number, temperature, heating rate, pre-exponential factor, and pseudo activation energy related to each component. The component mass fraction yi and the mass yield were predicted using this model within a temperature range. Available experimental pyrolysis data for beechwood and rice husk biomass were used to confirm the developed model. The volatile products were separated into bio-pyrolysis gas (BPG) and a bio-pyrolysis oil (BPO). Five components in the BPG and forty in the BPO were quantified. The pseudo activation energy for each pseudo chemical reaction for a specific component was modeled as a polynomial function of temperature. The component mass fraction and yield are quantifiable using this developed mathematical model equation within a temperature range. The predicted component mass fractions and yields agreed excellently with the available experimental data.
Bayah Natural Zeolites to Upgrade the Quality of Bio Crude Oil from Empty Fruit Bunch Pyrolysis Anton Irawan; Yazid Bindar; Teguh Kurniawan; Hafid Alwan; Rosid Rosid; Nisa Aina Fauziah
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 53 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2021.53.3.8

Abstract

Currently, the fuel oil for transportation and industry is produced mostly from fossil fuels. Because fossil fuels are a limited resource, biomass could be an alternative resource. Empty fruit bunch (EFB) is biomass waste from fresh fruit bunch processing in palm oil mills. EFB can be converted to bio-crude oil through pyrolysis at temperatures from 400 to 600 °C. The quality of bio-crude oil must be upgraded due to its high oxygen content. Esterification of bio-crude oil potentially improves the quality of bio-crude oil by using zeolite as catalyst. The purpose of this research was to investigate the properties of Bayah natural zeolites for upgrading the quality of bio-crude oil from EFB pyrolysis. Bayah natural zeolite was activated using various NaOH concentrations. Characterization of the natural zeolites was performed by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), and nitrogen physisorption. The optimum ratio of Si/Al of the modified Bayah natural zeolites was 3.91. The surface area of the parent was initially 19 m2/g and increased significantly to 150 m2/g after treatment with 0.4 M NaOH solution. The application of the activated zeolites for bio-crude oil esterification successfully decreased the total acid number.
PENGARUH AKTIVATOR KIMIA PADA PERFORMASI BIOADSORBEN DARI KARBON TEMPURUNG KELAPA SEBAGAI PENJERNIH AIR SUMUR Anton Irawan; Rahmayetty Rahmayetty; Nadia Kartika Sari; Sri Utami
Jurnal Teknika Vol 12, No 1 (2016): Edisi Juni 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36055/tjst.v12i1.6620

Abstract

Limbah tempurung kelapa merupakan material organik yang sangat potensial sebagai sumber karbon. Karbon dari tempurung kelapa akan mempunyai nilai guna lebih tinggi dengan perlakuan lebih lanjut menjadi karbon aktif. Karbon aktif dapat digunakan sebagai adsorben penjernih air. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mencari kondisi optimum aktifasi karbon tempurung kelapa, agar dapat diaplikasikan untuk penjernihan air sumur. Dalam penelitian ini, limbah tempurung kelapa diproses secara pirolisis menghasilkan karbon tempurung kelapa. Kemudian karbon di aktivasi menggunakan metode aktivasi kimia dengan HCL dan NaOH sebagai aktivator. Pemilihan asam dan basa bertujuan untuk mempelajari efektivitas asam dan basa sebagai bioadsorben penjernih air. Kondisi optimum diaplikasikan sebagai penjernih air pada kolom adsorpsi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kondisi terbaik diperoleh pada arang aktif dengan aktifator HCl 3N dengan lama perendaman 16 jam dan ukuran -100+118 mesh. Bilangan iodin yang dihasilkan adalah 853,25 mg/g, kadar air 0,09%, dan kadar zat mudah terbang 8,496%. Hasil Penjernihan air karbon aktif dapat mereduksi kadar besi (Fe) 64,36 %, kadar klorida 8,89%, TDS 8,51%, silika 4,67% dan kesadahan 18,58% dari kandungan air sumur sebelum proses adsorpsi.
PROSES TOREFAKSI TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT UNTUK KANDUNGAN HEMISELULOSA DAN UJI KEMAMPUAN PENYERAPAN AIR Anton Irawan; Tubagus Riadz; Nurmalisa Nurmalisa
Reaktor Volume 15 No.3 April 2015
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (205.526 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.15.3.190-194

Abstract

EMPTY FRUIT BUNCHES TORREFACTION FOR HEMICELLULOCE CONTENT ANDWATER ABSORPTION TEST. Biomass is organic material resulting from the process ofphotosynthesis. Biomass can be produced directly as product or waste from the processing ofagricultural or plantation. Indonesia is a country that produces biomass in very large quantities. Oneof the largest biomass resulting from the proceessing of palm oil is oil palm empty fruit bunches(EFB). Basically, the EFB has a low energy content and easily absorbs water. With higher productionof palm oil, the EFB has potential as a good quality fuel and need early treatment to maintain thequality of the EFB. Torrefaction was one of thermal treatments with process temperature around200-350 ° C in the absence oxygen condition. By torrefaction, the EFB has a high energy content anddecrease the water absorption. With low water absorption, EFB will have benefit in the storage thathas high humidity such as Indonesia. The variables that varied for EFB torrefaction was thetemperature (250-350 ° C) and the holding time (15-60 minutes) to produce the high quality solid fuelfrom EFB. Analysis product in this study was proximate analysis, water absorption, and hemicelluloseand caloric value. The results showed that the higher temperature and longer time torrefaction hadhigher calorific value, the hemicellulose content decreased thereby increasing hydrophobicity. Also,the torrefaction EFB can increase the calorific value around 30%. Keywords: calorific value; empty fruit bunches (EFB); hemicellulose; hydrophobic; torrefaction AbstrakBiomassa merupakan material organik yang dihasilkan dari proses fotosintesis. Biomassa dapatdihasilkan secara langsung sebagai produk atau limbah dari pengolahan hasil pertanian atauperkebunan. Indonesia merupakan negara kaya akan biomasa dengan jumlah yang melimpah. Salahsatu biomassa dengan jumlah yang melimpah adalah limbah yang dihasilkan dari pengolahan bijikelapa sawit antara lain tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS). Pada dasarnya, TKKS memilikikandungan energi rendah serta mudah menyerap air. Dengan jumlah biomassa TKKS melimpahmaka perlu suatu metode untuk meningkatkan kualitas dari TKKS dengan melakukan pengolahanawal. Torefaksi merupakan salah satu metode pengolahan awal untuk peningkatan kualitas biomassadengan temperatur proses sekitar 200-350 o C tanpa adanya oksigen. Setelah mengalami prosestorefaksi maka TKKS akan memiliki kandungan energi tinggi serta kemampuan menyerap air rendah.Dengan kemampuan menyerap air rendah maka TKKS dapat disimpan dalam rentang waktu lamapada kondisi kelembaban tinggi seperti Indonesia. Adapun variasi dalam penelitian ini yaitutemperatur antara 250-350 o C serta waktu tahan torefaksi antara 15-60 menit. Adapun analisa produkTKKS torefaksi yaitu analisa proksimat, kemampuan menyerap air, kandungan hemiselulosa dannilai kalor. Pada percobaan ini memperlihatkan bahwa pada temperatur torefaksi lebih tinggi sertawaktu tahan torefaksi yang lama akan meningkatkan kandungan energi serta menurunkankemampuan menyerap air tapi menghilangkan massa TKKS lebih banyak. Pada percobaan inikandungan energi dari TKKS dapat meningkat sekitar 30%Kata kunci: nilai kalor; TKKS;hemiselulosa; hidropobik; torefaksi
Analisa Daya Minat Karyawan Industri Melanjutkan ke Program Magister Teknik: Studi Kasus Industri Manufaktur Cilegon Anton Irawan; Sjaifuddin Sjaifuddin; Indar Kustingsih; Teguh Kurniawan
Tirtayasa Ekonomika Vol 15, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : FEB Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35448/jte.v15i2.7647

Abstract

Chemical Engineering was one of the fields of engineering to process raw materials into more useful materials. Starting in beginning of 2019, Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University (UNTIRTA) has a Chemical Engineering postgraduate program based on SK Menristekdikti No. 88 / KPT / I / 2019. Based on this permit, the postgraduate program has a chemical engineering study program and the next was to get as many Untirta chemical engineering graduate students. Untirta postgraduate chemical engineering students can come from undergraduate students who have just completed bachelor or graduate level lectures who have worked in industry, business or government. It is not yet known specialization of prospective graduate students from new graduates or persons who are already working so it is necessary to conduct a test of specialization of prospective students to the chemical engineering study program Untirta                      post-graduation. An interest test was obtained by research conducted through the process of distributing questionnaires and interviews to prospective graduate students. The purpose of this study is to obtain data of interest from chemical engineering graduates in Banten Province to proceed to the Untirta chemical engineering postgraduate study program which will be useful to maximize getting as many students as possible to the Untirta chemical engineering graduate program. The initial stage of this research is a comparative study with other universities that already have a postgraduate program in Chemical Engineering. The choice is to go to the Muslim University of Indonesia (UMI) because UMI has a relatively large number of postgraduate courses with not many locations in the Chemical Industry. The results of the analysis of respondents that respondents from high school / vocational teachers need to be facilitated to strengthen the knowledge of vocational school teachers in the field of Industrial Chemistry. The interest of prospective Masters students in Chemical Engineering Untirta can be increased through the promotion path to the HRD at work as well as intensive promotion through social media channels. Cost constraints can be found solutions through project scholarships from industry. Information technology will be a solution in solving the problem of distance and time in attending lectures in the Chemical Engineering Untirta. 
Pengaruh Kadar Air Dan Konsentrasi Metana Terhadap Unjuk Kerja Reaktor Bolak Balik Dengan Umpan Emisi Gas Tambang Batubara Novan Prihasa; Teguh Kurniawan; Anton Irawan
JURNAL INTEGRASI PROSES VOLUME 10 NOMOR 1 JUNI 2021
Publisher : JURNAL INTEGRASI PROSES

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36055/jip.v10i1.10834

Abstract

Proses ekstraksi batubara dalam setiap penambangan batubara melepaskan sejumlah emisi gas buang ke udara berupa gas metana sebesar 0,1 – 1%. Emisi gas metana pada tambang batubara merupakan salah satu kontributor efek rumah kaca dalam pemanasan global. Ketahanan gas metana berada di atmosfer rata-rata sekitar 12 tahun. Gas metana mampu menangkap panas dengan kemampuan 20 kali lipat lebih besar dari karbondioksida. Salah satu solusi yang dapat digunakan untuk mengoksidasi gas metana menjadi karbondioksida dengan konsentrasi rendah di bawah 1% adalah menggunakan Reverse Flow Reactor (RFR). Dalam penelitian ini akan dipaparkan mengenai pengaruh konsentrasi gas umpan metana, kandungan kadar air pada aliran gas umpan metana, dan pemilihan nilai switching time terhadap unjuk kerja reaktor terkait sifat auto-thermal dan kestabilan panas RFR, dengan metode simulasi pengamatan kelakuan dinamik berupa profil temperatur reaktor dan konversi metana menggunakan software FlexPDE versi 7. Nilai konsentrasi gas umpan metana berbanding lurus terhadap nilai temperatur yang dihasilkan reaktor. Sementara nilai komposisi air pada gas umpan metana dan nilai switching time berbanding terbalik terhadap nilai temperatur yang dihasilkan reaktor. Nilai konversi metana sangat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi operasi auto-thermal dan kestabilan panas dari RFR. Jika kondisi operasi auto-thermal dapat terjadi atau dengan kata lain reaktor tidak padam, maka nilai konversi metana mampu mencapai 100%.