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Rachma Wikandari
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Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
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agriTECH
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 02160455     EISSN : 25273825     DOI : 10.22146/agritech
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Agritech with registered number ISSN 0216-0455 (print) and ISSN 2527-3825 (online) is a scientific journal that publishes the results of research in the field of food and agricultural product technology, agricultural and bio-system engineering, and agroindustrial technology. This journal is published by Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta in colaboration with Indonesian Association of Food Technologies (PATPI).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 15 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 34, No 1 (2014)" : 15 Documents clear
Sifat Fisik, Mekanik dan Barrier Edible Film Berbasis Pati Umbi Kimpul (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) Yang Diinkorporasi dengan Kalium Sorbat Warkoyo Warkoyo; Budi Rahardjo; Djagal Wiseso Marseno; Joko Nugroho Wahyu Karyadi
agriTECH Vol 34, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (614.951 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.9525

Abstract

Xanthosoma sagittifolium starch has the potential to be developed as a base for edible film, because it was hydrocolloid compound, as well as renewable natural resources, widely available and easy to obtain its. High amylose content of X. sagittifolium starch (35.34%), twice than cassava starch, so that it possible to produce strong and flexible edible film. The presence of the active ingredient in edible film with different it kinds and amounts would produce different properties too. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physical, mechanical and barrier properties of active edible film due to variation of concentration of starch and potassium sorbate. Edible films have produced characteristics for tensile strength from 0.399 to 1.390 MPa, elongation from 14.943 to 31.647%, thickness from 0.065 to 0.081 mm, water vapor transmission rate from 10.095 to 15.247 g.mm/m2.day, solubility from 27.126 to 59.846% and transparency from 0,719 to 1,063. To increase starch made elevation of edible film tensile strength, thickness, WVTR, and the smoothness, as well as decrease its water solubility, while increasing potassium sorbate would increase elongation and WVTR, as well as decrease the tensile strength. ABSTRAKPati umbi kimpul (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) mempunyai potensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai bahan dasar edible film, karena pati merupakan senyawa hidrokoloid, sebagai sumber daya alam yang dapat diperbaharui, tersedia secara luas dan mudah didapat. Kandungan amilosa pati umbi kimpul cukup tinggi (35,34%), dua kali lebih besar dibandingkan amilosa pati ubi kayu, memungkinkan untuk menghasilkan edible film yang kuat dan fleksibel. Keberadaan kalium sorbat dalam edible film dengan jumlah yang berbeda akan menghasilkan sifat yang berbeda pula. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sifat fisik, mekanik dan barrier edible film aktif akibat variasi konsentrasi pati umbi kimpul dan kalium sorbat. Edible film yang dihasilkan mempunyai karakter kuat tarik 0,399-1,390 MPa, persen pemanjangan 14,943-31,647%, ketebalan 0,065-0,081 mm, WVTR 10,095-15,247 g.mm/m2.hari, kelarutan 27,126-59,846% dan transparansi 0,719-1,063. Penambahan pati menyebabkan kuat tarik, ketebalan, laju transmisi uap air, dan kehalusan permukaan edible film meningkat, tetapi kelarutannya dalam air menurun, sedangkan penambahan kalium sorbat dalam edible film menyebabkan persen pemanjangan dan laju transmisi uap air meningkat, tetapi kuat tariknya menurun.
Identifikasi dan Autentikasi Jahe Merah Menggunakan Kombinasi Spektroskopi FTIR dan Kemometrik Edy Djauhari Purwakusumah; Mohamad Rafi; Utami Dyah Safitri; Waras Nurcholis; Muhammad Agung Zaim Adzkiya
agriTECH Vol 34, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (210.924 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.9526

Abstract

FTIR spectroscopy combined with principal component analysis and discriminant analysis were used for identification and authentication of jahe merah from its related species namely jahe emprit and jahe gajah. FTIR spectra of all samples were recorded in the wavenumber range 4000-400 cm-1 and then subjected for preprocessing signal such as normalization and baseline correction. Combination of FTIR spectra with some chemometrics method such as principal component analysis and discriminant analysis were used to distinguish the three varieties of ginger. By using discriminant analysis, the three varieties of ginger were classified according to its variety. The developed method could be used for identification and authentication of jahe merah.ABSTRAKSpektroskopi FTIR dan kombinasinya dengan analisis komponen utama dan analisis diskriminan telah digunakan untuk identifikasi dan autentikasi jahe merah dari dua spesies yang berkerabat dengannya yaitu jahe emprit dan jahe gajah. Seluruh contoh dibuat spektrum FTIR pada kisaran bilangan gelombang 4000-400 cm-1 dan diberi perlakuan pendahuluan seperti normalisasi dan koreksi garis dasar. Kombinasi spektrum FTIR dengan beberapa metode kemometrik seperti analisis komponen utama dan analisis diskriminan digunakan untuk membedakan ketiga varietas jahe. Analisis diskriminan dapat mengelompokkan ketiga varietas jahe sesuai dengan jenis varietasnya. Metode yang dikembangkan ini dapat digunakan untuk tujuan identifikasi dan autentikasi jahe merah.
Analisis Daya Saing Komoditas Kelapa di Kabupaten Kupang Krisna Setiawan; Slamet Hartono; Any Suryantini
agriTECH Vol 34, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (112.142 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.9527

Abstract

Coconut cultivation in Kupang district have been exercised for generations in the Mamar (a kind of mixedcrop husbandry) and the garden (around the farm house). The farming was charactherized by inadequate adoption of the technical aspects of coconut farming, varying crop spacing, and without the use of fertilization. However, considering the size of the planting area and its production, the commodity still has the potency to be increased to have a high competitive value. This study was aimed to analyze the financial and economic profitability, competitive and comparative advantages of coconut commodity in Kupang district. The research method that used, as an indicator, to analyze the competitiveness was a descriptive method using the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). The results showed that, firstly, coconut farming in Kupang district did not have a competitive advantage which can be seen from the negative PP value and the PCR value that higher than 1 (one). However the farm had comparative advantages which can be seen from the positive value of SP and the DRC value that smaller than 1 (one). Secondly, the coconut commodity in Kupang district has a moderate competitive value and remained being able to be increased, for example by increasing the value-added of coconut processing.ABSTRAKPengusahaan tanaman kelapa di Kabupaten Kupang dilakukan secara turun temurun pada mamar dan sebagian lahan pekarangan. Penerapan aspek teknis usahatani kelapa belum memadai, jarak tanam tidak teratur dan tidak dilakukan pemupukan. Namun dilihat dari luas areal tanam dan produksi kelapa rakyat yang dihasilkannya, komoditas ini masih memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan sehingga diharapkan memiliki daya saing tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis profitabilitas finansial dan ekonomi, keunggulan kompetitif dan komparatif pada komoditas kelapa di Kabupaten Kupang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan sebagai indikator dalam menganalisis daya saing adalah metode deskriptif dengan menggunakan Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) usahatani kelapa di Kabupaten Kupang tidak memiliki keunggulan kompetitif dilihat dari nilai PP yang negatif dan PCR yang lebih besar dari satu. Namun memiliki keunggulan komparatif dilihat dari nilai SP yang positif dan DRC yang lebih kecil dari satu; (2) Komoditas kelapa di Kabupaten Kupang berdaya saing sedang dan masih dapat dikembangkan, salah satunya dengan cara meningkatkan nilai tambah dari pengolahan kelapa.
Analisis Kinerja Mutu Prototipe Greening Material Lumut Berdasarkan Perubahan Skala Warna L*a*b* dan RGB Prita Nurindahsari; Mirwan Ushada; Mohammad Affan Fajar Falah
agriTECH Vol 34, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1347.237 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.9528

Abstract

Quality performance greening material of moss was pursued based L*a*b* color scale and RGB index. The research objective is to test the quality of performance greening material of moss based on temperature parameters. Then determine the optimum point temperature greening material of moss in a controlled environment by color change parameters. The research was pursued by testing a prototype greening material of moss (sphagnum sp) in confined space, three treatment temperature are average temperature 28 ±20C, high temperature 33±20C and 38±20C as the extreme temperature, with 500 ml water stream for 2160 minutes and without watering for 1440 minutes. Indications of quality performance can be seen by L*a*b* and RGB color change. The results were confirmed by using photosynthesis rate. The best performance is in the extreme temperature treatment by flushing, with 34.71% of G index. The research concluded has satisfied quality performance greening material of moss in maximum.ABSTRAKKualitas performansi greening material lumut diyakinkan berdasarkan skala warna L*a*b* dan indeks RGB. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk pengujian performansi mutu tumbuhan lumut dalam prototipe greening material berdasarkan parameter suhu. Kemudian menentukan titik optimum suhu greening material lumut dalam sistem lingkungan terkendali dengan parameter perubahan warna. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menguji prototipe greening material lumut (sphagnum sp) pada confined space, dengan tiga perlakuan suhu yaitu suhu rata-rata 28±20 C, suhu tinggi 33±20 C dan suhu ekstrim 38±20C dengan penyiraman air 500ml selama 2160 menit dan tanpa penyiraman selama 1440 menit. Indikasi performansi mutu dilihat dari perubahan warna Lab dan RGB yang didukung dengan laju fotosintesis tumbuhan lumut. Hasil performansi paling optimum yaitu pada perlakuan suhu ekstrim dengan penyiraman dengan indeks G 34.71%. Kesimpulan dari eksperimen ini bahwa kualias yang paling memuaskan dari kinerja mutu prototipe greening material lumut pada perlakuan suhu maksimal.
Analisis Kebutuhan Torsi Penjatah Pupuk Butiran Tipe Edge-Cell untuk Mesin Pemupuk Jagung Annisa Nur Ichniarsyah; Wawan Hermawan; Tineke Mandang
agriTECH Vol 34, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1308.803 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.9529

Abstract

A study on the design of metering device which could work more optimally was conducted to overcome the high friction between the rotor and its metering tube, and the clogging of fertilizer particle on the conventional rotor type metering device. An edge-cell rotor type metering device was proposed to overcome the problems. Objectives of the study were to analyze the torque requirement of the edge-cell type metering device and to design metering device of corn fertilizer applicator with lower torque requirements and high accuracy. A mathematical model to calculate the torque requirement of the rotor was developed and validated using torque measurement in the experiment. Experiments were conducted using a model of fertilizer applicator equipped with a rotor torque measuring sensor and rotated using an electric motor. The torque measurement results showed that the edge-cell type metering device could reduce the torque requirement up to 68% and 80% when tested using urea and TSP, respectively. By using the edge-cell type rotor, there was no problem of clogging of fertilizer particle on the rotor system. The validation results showed that the mathematical model could predict accurately the torque requirement of the rotor only on the lower volume of fertilizer (25%) in the hopper. However, on the higher volume of fertilizer (50% and 100%) in the hopper, the calculated torques was 2-4 times higher than the actual measuring torques. The amount of the fertilizer in the hopper not significantly affected the torque requirement of the rotor.ABSTRAKPenelitian mengenai desain penjatah pupuk yang dapat berfungsi lebih optimal dilakukan untuk mengatasi besarnya gaya gesek yang terjadi antara rotor penjatah dan ruang penjatah, serta terjadinya kemacetan perputaran rotor penjatah pupuk pada alat pemupuk dalam penelitian sebelumnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kebutuhan torsi penjatah pupuk tipe edge-cell. Model pendugaan matematis untuk menghitung kebutuhan torsi telah dibangun dan divalidasi melalui pengujian kebutuhan torsi. Pengukuran dilakukan enggunakan model alat pemupuk jagung yang dilengkapi dengan sensor pengukur torsi. Penjatah tersebut diputar menggunakan motor AC variable speed. Hasil pengukuran torsi menunjukkan bahwa penjatah tipe edge-cell mampu mengurangi kebutuhan torsi penjatahan hingga 68% (pupuk urea) dan 80% (pupuk TSP). Kemacetan yang terjadi akibat ganjalan butiran pupuk yang besar pada ruang penjatah tidak terjadi saat menggunakan penjatah tipe edge-cell. Hasil pengujian validasi model menunjukkan bahwa model matematis mampu menduga kebutuhan torsi dengan akurat hanya pada saat tingkat volume pupuk dalam hopper 25%. Semakin tinggi volume pupuk dalam hopper (50 dan 100%), hasil pendugaan torsi lebih besar sekitar dua hingga empat kali hasil pengukuran torsi. Volume pupuk dalam hopper tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kebutuhan torsi pada rotor.

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