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agriTECH
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 02160455     EISSN : 25273825     DOI : 10.22146/agritech
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Agritech with registered number ISSN 0216-0455 (print) and ISSN 2527-3825 (online) is a scientific journal that publishes the results of research in the field of food and agricultural product technology, agricultural and bio-system engineering, and agroindustrial technology. This journal is published by Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta in colaboration with Indonesian Association of Food Technologies (PATPI).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 15 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 34, No 3 (2014)" : 15 Documents clear
Analisis Capacity Constrained Worker dengan Pendekatan Waktu Baku, Denyut Jantung dan Profile Of Mood States (Studi Kasus pada Industri Tempe “Muchlar”Kasihan Bantul) Maman Zuriwiatma; Mirwan Ushada; Guntarti Tatik Mulyati
agriTECH Vol 34, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (266.475 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.9461

Abstract

Tempe ”Muchlar” is one the potential food indutry which all the job is pursued manually. The production process is based on the worker capacity. The main problem is the industry could not fulfi ll the production target of half-finished Tempe product of + 3.600 kg.  The research objective is to identify Capacity Constrained Worker using standard time, heart rate, profi le of mood states and recommending the improvement to increase the worker capacity. The measurement results were confi rmed using analysis of working environment. The research results indicated that Capacity Constrained Worker of Tempe Industry was the worker of peeling. It was indicated by the standard time of 5,63 detik/kg that could not fulfi ll the production target of 3.600 kg in 5 work hours. The improvement was pursued by decreasing the room temperature of working station. The improvement could increase the standard time of 5 second/kg, fulfi lling the production target and increasing the income. Finally the improvement using Buffer Management could improve the Capacity Constrained Worker in Tempe Industry “Muchlar”.ABSTRAKTempe ”Muchlar” merupakan salah satu industri pangan yang semua pekerjaannya dilakukan manual sehingga proses  produksinya sangat tergantung kapasitas dari pekerja. Permasalahan muncul karena target produksi tempe setengah jadi sebesar + 3.600 kg tidak tercapai.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi Capacity Constrained Worker yang terjadi menggunakan pendekatan waktu baku, denyut jantung, profile of mood states serta menentukan perbaikan yang tepat untuk dapat meningkatkan kapasitasnya. Hasil pengukuran terhadap pekerja dikonfi rmasi dengan analisis keadaan lingkungan kerja. Dari hasil penelitian dapat ditentukan bahwa pekerja yang menjadi Capacity Constrained Worker adalah pekerja stasiun pemisahan kulit. Hal ini dibuktikan dari waktu baku yang diperoleh sebesar 5,63 detik/kg yang membuat target produksi sebesar 3.600 kg dalam 5 jam tidak tercapai. Dengan perbaikan yang dilakukan yaitu menurunkan suhu ruangan dari tinggi ke normal waktu baku pekerja dapat meningkat menjadi 5 detik/kg dan target produksi dapat tercapai serta meningkatkan pendapatan. Perbaikan dengan menerapkan buffer management dapat mengurangi stasiun kerja yang menjadi constraint.
Model Kinetika Degradasi Capsaicin Cabai Merah Giling pada Berbagai Kondisi Suhu Penyimpanan Dharia Renate; Filli Pratama; Kiki Yuliati; Gatot Priyanto
agriTECH Vol 34, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (209.469 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.9462

Abstract

The objective of this research was to asses relationship between temperature and storage time of capsaicin degradation of red chilli paste and to measure activation energy and shelf life using the Arrhenius model. The treatmens were storage temperature (20°C, 30°C, 40°C) and storage times (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 weeks).  Parameters analyzed were capsaicin content using HPLC method, pH, and particle size.  The data was analyzed using linier regression and Arrhenius equation  The results showed that temperature condition and storage time affected capsaicin degradation of red chilli paste, unlike pH and particle size.  The longer storage time the lower capsaicin content.  The capsaicin content of red chilli paste stored at 30°C and 40°C in week-4 was 746,36 μg/g and 714,19 μg/g respectively, and it declined to 149,31 μg/g and 136,77 μg/g after being stored for ten weeks.  Research concluded that red chilli paste stored for 10 weeks at 20°C caused the lowest capsaicin degradation from   916.8029 μg/g  to 683.8097 μg/g. Degradation rate of capsaicin followed the first order reaction.  Arrhenius equation for capsaicin was  Y= -9356.3x + 27.836, (R=0.76), and activation energy was 18.581 kcal/mol.  Shelf life determination of capsaicin followed kinetic reaction equation of the fi rst order  i.e t = ln(Ao-At)/k.  The self life of red chilli paste stored at 20°C, 30°C and 40°C were 10.62 weeks, 8.62 weeks and 8.45 weeks respectively.ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian untuk mengkaji hubungan suhu dan lama penyimpanan terhadap degradasi capsaicin cabai merah giling serta menghitung energi aktivasi dan waktu simpan dengan pendekatan model persamaan Arrhenius. Perlakuan terdiri dari dua faktor yaitu suhu penyimpanan (20°C, 30°C, dan 40°C) serta lama penyimpanan (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 dan 10 minggu). Metode analisis untuk kadar capsaicin menggunakan HPLC. Analisis pendukung yaitu pH dan ukuran partikel.  Data disajikan dengan grafi k persamaan regresi linier dan persamaan Arrhenius.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi suhu dan lama penyimpanan berpengaruh terhadap degradasi capsaicin cabai merah giling, namun, pH dan ukuran partikel tidak berpengaruh secara signifi kan.  Semakin lama penyimpanan maka kandungan capsaicin semakin menurun. Kadar capsaicin cabai giling yang disimpan pada suhu 30°C dan 40°C  pada minggu ke-empat masing masing sebesar 746,36 μg/g dan 714,19 μg/g menurun perlahan sampai pada  minggu ke-10 menjadi 149,31 μg/g dan 136,77 μg/g.  Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa kadar capsaicin cabai giling yang disimpan pada suhu 20°C selama 10 minggu merupakan degradasi terendah dari 916,80 μg/g menjadi 683,81 μg/g.  Laju degradasi capsaicin mengikuti orde satu.  Persamaan Arrhenius untuk Capsaicin adalah Y= 27,836-9356,3x (R=0,76) dan energi aktivasi sebesar 18581,65 kal/mol. Penentuan umur simpan capsaicin mengikuti persamaan kinetika reaksi orde satu yaitu t =ln(Ao-At)/k, maka umur simpan capsaicin cabai merah giling yang disimpan pada suhu 20°C, 30°C dan 40°C berturutturut sebesar 10,64 minggu; 8,62 minggu dan 8,45 minggu.
Penilaian Kinerja Pengelolaan Daerah Aliran Sungai Berbasis Model Hidrologi Elementer Kasus: Daerah Tangkapan Air Waduk Mrica Lukman Hidayat; Sahid Susanto; Putu Sudira; Rachmad Jayadi
agriTECH Vol 34, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (478.683 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.9463

Abstract

Land conversionfromforest tocultivation ofvegetablecropsthat did notfollow the rules ofconservation practices, increased therate ofsedimententeringthe reservoirof Mrica. The reservoir which have been operated since 1989, will be full of sediment in 2021. Complexity of managing watershed areas still require an innovative approach to improve the hydrological situation, particularly to conserve water resources. The phenomenon of land use change and performance impacts caused, an event in nature that are necessary to determine the action that needs to be done in the future. Hydrologica lmodels is an extrapolation tool that can help understanding the phenomenon. This study aims at optimizing the performance-related watershed management, using a quantitative approach based on elementery hydrological models. This paper, using the method of literature review, was focused on revealing conception, as the approach in achieving the goal. The conception ofthe study wasthe assembly-serialsequence of hydrological models and watershed management-related quantitative assessment performance. The concept of the assembly will apply the role of hydrological models as a basis for quantitative assessment of performance-related watershed. The results of assembly, will provide an overview of the role of hydrological models, to produce information relating to the performance of output-based watershed management. Information obtained from such a role can be used as an alternative input in policy of water resources management and the basis for the development of specifi c hydrological models for Mrica reservoirs.ABSTRAK Alih fungsi lahan  dari hutan menjadi lahan budidaya tanaman sayuran yang belum sepenuhnya mengikuti kaidah konservasi semakin menambah laju sedimentasi yang masuk ke waduk Mrica. Waduk yang mulai beroperasi tahun 1989, akan dipenuhi sedimenpada tahun 2021. Kompleksitas pengelolaan kawasan DAS masih membutuhkan suatu inovasi pendekatan hidrologi untuk memperbaiki situasi,terutama untuk melestarikan sumberdaya air. Fenomena perubahan dan alih fungsi lahan dan dampak kinerja yang ditimbulkan,  merupakan kejadian di alam yang perlu dipahami untuk menentukan tindakan yang perlu dilakukan di waktu yang akan datang. Model hidrologi dipandang sebagai alat ekstrapolasi yang dapat membantu memahami fenomena tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan pengelolaan DAS, menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif berbasis model hidrologi elementer. Tulisan ini, menggunakan metode kajian pustaka,difokuskan untuk mengungkapkan konsepsi penelitian,sebagai metode pendekatan dalam mencapai tujuan. Konsepsi penelitian yang dimaksud yaitu perakitan-rangkaian serial model hidrologi dan penilaian kuantitatif pengelolaan DAS terkait kinerjanya. Dalam konsep perakitan tersebut akan diaplikasikan model hidrologi sebagai basis penilaian kuantitatif  kinerja DAS. Hasil perakitan akan memberikan gambaran peran model hidrologi dalam menghasilkan informasi yang berkaitan dengan kinerja pengelolaan DAS berbasis output. Informasi tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif masukan dalam  kebijakan pengelolaan DAS-Sumberdaya air dan menjadi dasar pengembangan model hidrologi spesifi k daerah tangkapan air waduk Mrica.
The Clay Content Effect on The Formation of Shallow Mole Drainage and The Rate of Lowering Soil Moisture Content Siti Suharyatun; Bambang Purwantana; Abdul Rozaq; Muhjidin Mawardi
agriTECH Vol 34, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (868.89 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.9464

Abstract

Installing shallow mole drainage in the soil is infl uenced by various factors, namely; the physical properties of soil and tools which are used. One of the physical properties of soil that infl uences the formation of the mole drainage is the clay content of soil. This study aimed to explore the condition of the mole drainage formed in paddy soil with different clay contents. The study was conducted in a laboratory scale using a soil bin, a model of mole plough, and soil which was kept homogeneous in the boxes. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory for Energy and Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Engineering Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. Mole drainage was installed in 3 paddy soils with different clay content, namely; 13.12% (soil A; loam soil), 41.17% (soil B; clay soil) and 53.36% (soil C; clay soil). The study was conducted by analyzing the geometry of the mole drainage and observing the soil deformation which occurred due to the formation of the mole drainage. The study showed that perfect mole drainages were installed in all of those three types of soil. The mole drainages were quite good and stable with little cracks. Based on the soil crack and fi ssuring of soil, the largest soil deformation has occurred in soil with the highest clay content and the smallest one in soil with the lowest clay content. The characteristics of those three installed mole drainages were almost the same, but they had different effect on the rate of lowering soil moisture content. Here, the mole drainage installed in loam soil is different from which of installed in clay soil. The mole drainage installed in the loam soil did not infl uence the rate of lowering soil moisture content. Contrary, the mole drainage installed in clay soil has effected to increase the rate of lowering soil moisture content.
Analisis Kapasitas Kerja dan Kebutuhan Bahan Bakar Traktor Tangan Berdasarkan Variasi Pola Pengolahan Tanah, Kedalaman Pembajakan dan Kecepatan Kerja Zulias Mardinata; Zulkifli Zulkifli
agriTECH Vol 34, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (156.077 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.9465

Abstract

Hand tractor is a type of tractor that is widely used especially in land cultivation by farmers in an effort to increase  productivity. The result of land cultivation is infl uenced by plowing depth and working speed, meanwhile the plowing depth and working speed infl uence working capasity and fuel consumption. The aim of this research is to calculate need of fuel consumption and work capasity of hand tractor with single moldboard plow cultivate in various of tillage patterns, plowing depths, working speeds. The tillage patterns used in this research are returned closing and circle methods. This study uses a randomized block design (RBD) factorial. The fi rst factor is the depth of plow consisting of 3 (three) standard treatments, namely: plowing depth 10 cm (D1), 15 cm (D2), 20 cm (D3). The second factor is the speed of the tractor consists of three (3) level of treatment that is: tractor forward speed of 0.83 m/s (V1), 1.25 m/s (V2), and 1, 67 m/s (V3). The parameters of this research are calculate fuel consumption and work capasity of each method with returned closing and circle method.The result showed that in plowing depth 10-20 cm and working capasity 0,83-1,67 m/s for cultivating an area of   1 ha with returned closing method is 2.066 l/hour, while the circle method is around 1,107 l/hour, and the interaction factor of  working speed and plowing depth is 1,205 – 3,059 l/hours. The average of working capasity is 2,492 hours/ha, in circle method is 4,651 hours/ha, and interaction factor of  working speed and plowing depth is 0,868–1,787 hours/ha. Working speed and plowing depth are liniear with fuel consumption and working capasity. The best method in order to effi cient fuel consumption and maximum working capasity is the circle method.ABSTRAKTraktor tangan merupakan jenis traktor yang banyak digunakan khususnya dalam pengolahan tanah oleh para petani  sebagai usaha untuk meningkatkan produktivitas. Hasil pengolahan tanah dipengaruhi oleh kedalaman pembajakan dan kecepatan kerja traktor, sementara kedalaman pembajakan dan kecepatan kerja berpengaruh terhadap kapasitas kerja dan kebutuhan bahan bakar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menghitung besarnya kebutuhan bahan bakar dan kapasitas kerja traktor tangan dengan alat pengolah tanah bajak singkal tunggal dengan variasi pola pengolahan tanah, kedalaman pembajakan dan kecepatan kerja. Pola pengolahan yang digunakan adalah pola bolak-balik rapat dan pola berkeliling. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial. Faktor pertama adalah kedalaman bajak singkal yang terdiri dari 3 (tiga) taraf perlakuan yaitu : kedalaman bajak 10 cm (D1), 15 cm (D2),  dan 20 cm (D3). Faktor kedua  adalah kecepatan traktor terdiri dari 3 (tiga) taraf perlakuan yaitu: kecepatan maju traktor 0,83 m/s (V1),  1,25 m/s (V2), dan 1,67 m/s (V3). Adapun parameter diukur adalah konsumsi bahan bakar dan kapasitas kerja traktor tangan untuk masing-masing pola pengolahan tanah. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa pada kedalaman pembajakan 10-20 cm dan kecepatan kerja 0,83-1,67 m/s untuk penyiapan lahan seluas 1 ha dengan pola bolak-balik rapat, kebutuhan bahan bakar rata-rata adalah 2,066 l/jam, pada pola berkeliling adalah 1,107 l/jam, dan dengan interaksi faktor kecepatan dengan kedalaman pembajakan adalah 1,205 – 3,059 l/jam. Kapasitas kerja rata-rata adalah 2,492 jam/ha, pada pola berkeliling adalah 4,651 jam/ha, dan interaksinya adalah 0,868 – 1,787 l/jam.  Kecepatan dan kedalaman pembajakan berbanding lurus dengan konsumsi bahan bakar dan kapasitas kerja. Pola pengolahan tanah terbaik agar konsumsi bahan bakar efi sien dan kapasitas  kerja maksimal adalah pola berkeliling.

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