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Biocelebes
Published by Universitas Tadulako
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25805991     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 3 No. 1 (2009)" : 6 Documents clear
Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca dan Pemanasan Global Abdullah Abdullah
Biocelebes Vol. 3 No. 1 (2009)
Publisher : Biology Department, Mathematics and natural science, Tadulako University

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Abstract

The greenhouse effect was increased averaged of earth temperature 1-5°C when the increasing tendency of greenhouse gases is not reduce, it will causing of global warming increasing in 1,5 - 4,5°C on 2030. Increasing of solar radiation that reflecting from earth surface that absorbed by atmosphere will occur when the CO2 concentration rise in atmosphere. The extreme climate changes will disturb function of forest and another ecosystem, it will reduce their ability to absorbed CO2 gases from atmosphere. The global warming can effects ice melts. When ice melts, land or open water takes its place. Both land and open water are on average less reflective than ice and thus absorb more solar radiation. This causes more warming, which in turn causes more melting, and this cycle continues. Finally, the sea level rise will give a very big effect to island country. Key words: Greenhouse effect, global warming
Karakterisasi Khamir yang Hidup pada Buah Kakao di Sulawesi Tengah Muhammad Alwi
Biocelebes Vol. 3 No. 1 (2009)
Publisher : Biology Department, Mathematics and natural science, Tadulako University

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Abstract

Microorganism characterization specially khamir is life cocoa fruit have been conducted. This research use inventarization method and identify to determine khamir species or genus which pursuant to monograph (Kreger-Van Rij, 1987 and Kurtzman, 1998). This research conducted by 3 regency (Regency Donggala; Parigi Moutong; Toli-Toli) in Central Sulawesi.Result of obtained research depict that khamir group which life cocoa fruit in Central Sulawesi is same, this matter proved from result of inventarization and identify which obtained by every regency much the same to its type. Regency Donggala obtained 4 isolate with result identify Rhodotorula sp. (DB.K112), Debaryomyces hansenii (DB.K221), Candida parapsilosis (DB.K233), and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (DB.K342). Regency Parigi Moutong also obtained by 4 isolate with result identify Saccharomyces cerevisiae (PM.K113), Candida parapsilosis (PM.K122), Rhodotorula sp. (PM.K231), and Trichosporon cutaneum (PM.K343). Regency Toli-Toli obtained 6 isolate with result identify Candida parapsilosis (TL.K112), Debaryomyces hansenii (TL.K223), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (TL.K231), Trichosporon cutaneum (TL.K242), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (TL.K351), and Rhodotorula sp. (TL.K362). The species khamir can deputize some of especial class from two fungi filum that is Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. The khamir/yeasts later will be used as innoculum in repair cocoa fermentation. Key words: Cocoa, characterization, khamir/yeast
Kajian Etanolisis In Situ Minyak Kelapa untuk Sintesis Etil Ester Asam Lemak Ijirana dan Afadil Ijirana dan Afadil
Biocelebes Vol. 3 No. 1 (2009)
Publisher : Biology Department, Mathematics and natural science, Tadulako University

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Abstract

There are several aim of this research, consist of: 1) to find out optimum concentration catalyst H2SO4 in synthesis of ethyl ester coconut oil fat acid when FFA contained in coconut flour more than 5 %, 2) to find out concentration of catalyst NaOH (percent v/v) that produce the higher fat acid ethyl ester product, 3) to find out ratio of ethanol 95 % / coconut flour, and 4) to find out the best reaction temperature of coconut oil ethanolysis in situ that produce ethyl ester coconut oil fat acid in higher yield. The first step is to know water contain on coconut flour. The second is to know oil contain in coconut flour using sochletation method. FFA analyzed was done to find out how many reaction will be done, transestherification and esterification. Esterification was not done because FFA contained only 2 % (not more than 5%). From this research, we can conclude that selected reaction condition are: ratio coconut flour with ethanol 95%, 1:5, concentration of catalyst, NaOH 1,2% and reaction temperature 55oC. Key words: Ethanolysis in situ, coconut oil, fat acid ethyl ester syntesis.
Kespesifikan Biokatalis Dedak Padi dalam Reaksi Pembentukan Antibakteri Monoasilgliserol dari Minyak Kelapa mappiratu mappiratu
Biocelebes Vol. 3 No. 1 (2009)
Publisher : Biology Department, Mathematics and natural science, Tadulako University

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Abstract

In an effort to analyse the spesification of rice bran lypase and antibacterium activity of monoacylglyserol (MAG) produced from various reaction time, it has been performed glyserolysis of coconut oil for 192 h with observation interval 24 h. It was recorded that lypase of rice bran of variety Maros had a higher spesification for formation of short and intermediate chain monoacylglyserols (MAGs) than sature and unsature long chain MAGs. MAG inhibition on Bacillus cereus and Staphillococcus aureus reached optimum at 72 h reaction time, whilst Vibrio cholerae reached optimum at 192 h and it was insignificantly different with 48, 144 and 168 h. MAG inhibition on the three bacteria strains reached minimum at 92 h. During the reaction period, antimicrobial MAG reached minimum. Key words: Spesification, biocatalyses, rice bran, antibacterium MAG, coconut oil.
Hutan Tropis Indonesia, Keanekaragaman Hayati, dan Kaitan dengan Pemanasan Global Ramadhanil Ramadhanil
Biocelebes Vol. 3 No. 1 (2009)
Publisher : Biology Department, Mathematics and natural science, Tadulako University

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Abstract

Indonesia is recognized as one of ”Megabiodiversity countries” in the worldwide which is very rich with biological diversity. It also has been identified as the second largest country which possess tropical rainforest after Brasil. The large area of this tropical rain forest particularly in Indonesia is currently decreased year by year. It is damaged by various human activities such as land converted to plantations in large scale, human resettlement, both legal and illegal logging, hunting as well as forest fire. This human activities are common factors and primary agents contributing to the vast endangerments and extinctions occurring in the past and in the foreseeable future. On the other hand, deforestation and forest degradation have been mentioned to take alarming proportions with severe negative global and regional consequences such as global warming and climate changes. The aim of this paper is to communicate the relationship between the richness of tropical rainforest and global warming or climate changes. Key words: Tropical rainforest, Indonesia, biodiversity and global warming.
Apakah Hutan Hujan Tropis Dapat Meredam Dampak Pemanasan Global? (Studi Kasus Keseimbangan Energi dan Air di Sekitar TNLL.) Sance Lipu
Biocelebes Vol. 3 No. 1 (2009)
Publisher : Biology Department, Mathematics and natural science, Tadulako University

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Abstract

Global warming is a hot issue recently. Specially in climate and meteorology researcher. There is no doubt that global warming was effects almost all life around the world. Global warming can defined as the increase in the average temperature of the Earth's near-surface air and oceans caused by greenhouse gases mainly CO2. Two main factors caused global warming are natural effect and anthropogenic factors. The changes in global climate indicated by widely fluctuation of wet season and dry season, and Ozon (O3) reduce in pole area. These effects will follow by ice melt in artic and antartic. Study in Lore Lindu National Park around 2002 until 2005 indicated that tropical rain forest is a an ecosystem that very good function for absorb solar radiation, greenhouse gases and keeping sustainability of soil function as reservoir mineral and water. Forest conversion and illegal logging will increased solar radiation effect, decreased of CO2 and methane absorbed, decreased capacity of evapo-transpiration, and decreased water infiltration through the ground. Key words: tropical rain forest, Global warming effect.

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