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INDONESIA
Jurnal Media Hukum
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
ISSN : 08548919     EISSN : 25031023     DOI : 10.18196/jmh
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
MEDIA HUKUM (JMH) (ISSN:0854-8919, E-ISSN:2503-1023) is journal published by Faculty of Law Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. JMH publishes scientific articles that related in law, development and harmonization of Shariah and positive law in Indonesia. JMH are published twice a year, in June and December. Articles are written in English or Bahasa Indonesia and reviewed by competence reviewers.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 588 Documents
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A Legal Framework for Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Halal Certification: Indonesia's Regulatory Sandbox Yuanitasari, Deviana; Chairunnisa, Madiha Dzakiyyah; Salaeh, Yamudin
Jurnal Media Hukum Vol. 33 No. 1: June 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmh.v33i1.28358

Abstract

Halal certification in Indonesia, governed by Law No. 33 of 2014 on Halal Product Assurance (UUPJPH), is essential for consumer protection and the competitiveness of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in the global halal market. However, the current process faces challenges of administrative inefficiency, high costs, and uneven institutional capacity, which hinder MSME compliance. This study aims to explore how Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be integrated into Indonesia’s halal certification framework to enhance efficiency, transparency, and accessibility while preserving legal and religious integrity. Using a socio-legal research method, the study combines doctrinal legal analysis of relevant laws and regulations with empirical insights from current practices and comparative experiences in Malaysia and the United Arab Emirates. The findings indicate that AI, when introduced through a regulatory sandbox under BPJPH leadership, can streamline document verification, risk assessment, and post-market surveillance without replacing human responsibility or religious authority. The study proposes a phased implementation data infrastructure first, AI-assisted tasks next, followed by risk triage and traceability supported by strong data governance, explainable models, and appeal mechanisms. This approach can deliver a halal certification system that is faster, fairer, and more credible, enabling MSMEs to thrive in an increasingly digital economy.
Strengthening of Sharia Savings, Loans, and Financing Cooperative Institutions: Friedman's Legal System Theory Framework Yunita, Ani; Budi Santoso; Agus Sarono; Weni Hawariyuni
Jurnal Media Hukum Vol. 32 No. 2: December 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmh.v32i2.28410

Abstract

This study aims to strengthen the Sharia Savings and Loans and Financing Cooperatives (KSPPS) institution from the perspective of legal system theory inIndonesia. Thisstudy employs anempiricaljuridical research type, utilizing a qualitative approach. The research used primary and secondary data sources. The research findings indicate that strengthening KSPPS institutions from the perspective oflegal system theory, including structural elements, is crucial for enhancing human resource capacity and fostering synergy among KSPPS supervisory institutions. Legal structure enhancement can be achieved by improving the performance of the Sharia Supervisory Board and the National Sharia Council in overseeing KSPPS, as well as establishing internal supervisory units and a Sharia Islamic deposit insurance agency. Furthermore, the strengthening of KSPPS BMT institutions can also be realized by synergizing with organizations such as the Ministry of Cooperatives, the Financial Services Authority, the National Sharia Council, and the Sharia Supervisory Board. This strengthening will contribute to the formulation of legislation related to KSPPS. With the institutional strengthening of KSPPS, institutional issues related to KSPPS, in terms of legal substance, legal structure, and legal culture, can be minimized and more easily resolved
Lawyers, Artificial Intelligence, and Fabricated Jurisprudence: A Comparative Analysis of Legal Ethics Ramadhan, Febriansyah; Musthafa, Annas Rasid; Taniady, Vicko
Jurnal Media Hukum Vol. 33 No. 1: June 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmh.v33i1.28868

Abstract

The generative AI systems have significant implications for their use in the legal field, as they may create epistemic risks through the phenomenon of AI hallucinations, which can generate fabricated or inaccurate information. These risks are further reinforced by automation bias, which encourages excessive reliance on AI-generated outputs without adequate verification. This study aims to analyze the ethical risks and professional responsibilities associated with the use of AI by lawyers, particularly in relation to the use of fabricated jurisprudence generated by AI. This research employs a doctrinal legal research method supported by ethical, legislative, and comparative approaches. The findings indicate that the failure to verify AI-generated outputs may constitute a violation of lawyers’ ethical obligations and professional responsibilities. Therefore, this study recommends the development of a risk-based professional responsibility framework through the enactment of legislation on artificial intelligence and the revision of the advocates’ code of ethics to ensure the responsible use of technology in legal practice.
Efforts to Prevent Human Trafficking through Strengthening Rural Community Economic Empowerment Nuraeny, Henny; Monaya, Nova; Ma'arif, Rizal Syamsul; Yusuf , Muhammad Arsjad; Norawavi, Ahmad Norsyafwan
Jurnal Media Hukum Vol. 33 No. 1: June 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmh.v33i1.29170

Abstract

At present, villages receive funding from the central government to develop their potential and improve the economic welfare of rural communities. However, in practice, the use of village funds (dana desa) has not yet been optimal, leading many villagers to seek employment outside the village and making them vulnerable to human trafficking (Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang, or TPPO). This research examines how rural economic empowerment through village funds can prevent human trafficking and explores alternative empowerment models. The research method employed is normative juridical; however, to achieve empirical accuracy and validation, a mixed-methods approach combining qualitative and quantitative techniques was also applied during observation. The study's findings indicate that the optimal allocation of village funds to develop the creative economy through entrepreneurship, cooperatives, and micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) can strengthen community resilience and reduce migration pressures. This research proposes a model of rural economic empowerment that emphasizes sustainable development and the establishment of village-level regulations to allocate village funds to preventive efforts against human trafficking. The implementation of this model is expected to serve as a reference for village governments in effectively utilizing village funds to address socio-economic vulnerabilities.
Between Innovation and Legal Vacuum: Evaluating Indonesia’s Criminal Law Readiness Against Deepfake Artificial Intelligence Annisabella Oktaviani; Dewi Rhosita Hayati; Ema Sarila Sinaga; Defrianus Nong Deris; Irawan, Tony Indra
Jurnal Media Hukum Vol. 33 No. 1: June 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmh.v33i1.29574

Abstract

The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) enabled the emergence of deepfake technology capable of generating highly realistic manipulated audio and visual content. While offering beneficial applications, its misuse poses serious threats in cybercrime, including digital fraud, defamation, non-consensual pornography, and election-related disinformation. This study aims to evaluate Indonesia’s criminal law system's readiness to respond to deepfake-related misconduct, particularly in light of the principles of legality and legal certainty. Using normative legal research, it analyzes the compatibility between existing Indonesian criminal provisions, such as the Indonesian Criminal Code, the Electronic Information and Transactions Law, and the Personal Data Protection Law, and typical forms of deepfake-related harms, while also comparing developments in the United States of America, the European Union, and China. The findings show that existing regulations only partially address such misconduct and were not designed for AI-generated synthetic media, creating enforcement challenges. This study highlights the urgent need for regulatory reform, including clearer legal definitions, transparency obligations for AI-generated content, and specific provisions to strengthen legal certainty, protect digital rights, and enhance cybersecurity enforcement in practice.
Climate Change Litigation to Protect the Right to Enjoy a Healthy Environment in Indonesia Wartini, Sri; Dewi, Ayu Atika
Jurnal Media Hukum Vol. 33 No. 1: June 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmh.v33i1.29978

Abstract

Climate change threatens Indonesia's constitutional right to a healthy environment. However, Indonesian courts have not developed a clear legal framework to handle climate harm as an independent basis of litigation. The aim of the study is to examine how climate litigation can be doctrinally structured within Indonesian law to protect the right to a healthy environment by analyzing constitutional provisions, human rights law, environmental legislation, administrative law, and international climate instruments. The research is a normative study employing conceptual, comparative, and statutory approaches, including the Human Rights Law, Law No. 32 of 2009, and administrative law mechanisms, to develop climate claims in the absence of a specific climate litigation statute. The article argues that climate litigation in Indonesia remains peripheral because courts usually frame climate-related disputes as ordinary environmental, forestry, or administrative cases. To address this problem, the article proposes a five-element doctrinal test for identifying climate litigation: climate-related harm, rights-based injury, identifiable legal duty, evidentiary causation, and climate-sensitive remedies. However, this requires clearer rules on causation, due diligence, scientific evidence, and remedies. The article recommends the adoption of judicial guidelines on climate litigation, statutory clarification of climate-related claims, and stronger integration of climate science into environmental adjudication.
Artificial Intelligence in Indonesia’s Alternative Dispute Resolution: From Digital Facilitator to Adjudicator Partner Tenri Famauri, Andi; Irwanto, Hartono Tasir; Badarulzaman, Muhammad Hafiz; A. Sapiddin, Andi Syahwiah
Jurnal Media Hukum Vol. 33 No. 1: June 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmh.v33i1.30554

Abstract

The rapid expansion of Indonesia’s digital economy has intensified high-volume disputes that surpass the capacity of conventional legal infrastructure, highlighting a persistent law lag. Law No. 30 of 1999 limits arbitrators to human legal subjects, while Law No. 19 of 2016 confines Artificial Intelligence (AI) to a passive electronic instrument without adjudicative authority. This study proposes a reconceptualization of AI as an adjudicator partner within Indonesia’s alternative dispute resolution framework. Using a normative juridical method. This research analysis is based on the principles of dignified justice and human-in-the-loop to evaluate the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into the adjudication process. The results of the study show that Article 12 of Law Number 30 of 1999 affirms the adjudicative function of human arbiters with the capacity for will, moral judgment, and legal responsibility. This means that AI decision-maker. While technological developments demonstrate a shift in the role of AI from digital facilitator to adjudicator partner supporting legal assessment, human involvement remains essential to ensure moral considerations and oversight of potential algorithmic bias and AI hallucinations in the decision-making process.
Facial Recognition in Asylum Seeker Procedures: Criminal Implications of Data Misuse and Profiling Anggriawan, Rizaldy; Hamsin, Muhammad Khaeruddin; Karsai, Krisztina; He, Yizhou
Jurnal Media Hukum Vol. 33 No. 1: June 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmh.v33i1.29861

Abstract

The current use of facial recognition technology (FRT) for asylum-seeker provides a more reliable method of establishing identity than previous methods; however, FRT also raises broader concerns about individual rights to privacy, data security, and algorithmic bias. This study aims to identify opportunities for criminal law to address these concerns by reviewing existing legal and regulatory frameworks in the European Union (GDPR/EU), the United States (BIPA), Brazil (LGPD), Australia (Privacy Act 1988), and International Refugee Legal Instruments. Using doctrinal legal methods, this study evaluates current statutory law, case law, and academic literature on biometric data in the context of the asylum process. The research identified several major challenges posed by the application of FRT, including unlawful data collection, excessive monitoring of individuals, racial profiling, identification errors, and function creep, all of which may expose individuals to criminal liability across multiple jurisdictions. Based on these findings, it is recommended that greater assurance of protection be provided through statutory law, enhanced accountability, and independent oversight of FRT's application to the asylum process to ensure compliance with established human rights principles.

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